Biology 30 - the brain

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What makes up the Forebrain

Cerebrum, Thalamus, Hypothalamus,

Spinal Cord

Column of nerve tissure that extends from the brain to back bone Communicates between brain and the PNS (Effectors) Prinary reflex center

Corpus Callosum

Connects right side and left side through nerve tracts

Thalamus

Connects various sections of brain relays info from senses Mainly forebrain and hind brain "Great relay of the brain" Sensory system - not smell

What are the responsibilites on the Cerebrum

Language, memory, personality, Vision, sonscious thought, thinking/feeling Round 5mm thick Learns and processes info differently

Wernicke's area

Left side of cerebrum important to speech Comprehension/understanding of spoken words.

Midbrain

Receives specific sensory input, Connects hindbrain to forebrain Visual and auditory info Important for eye movement and skeletal muscles control

Cerebellum

Reflex muscle control Eye movement Muscle control coordination and balance Receives info form proprioceptors Coordination of posture, reflexes, speech

Hypothalamus

Regulates hormones and body functions coordinates pituitary gland - Heart rate, blood pressure, temperature Controls drives such as hunger, thirst, sexual desire

What is the main purpose of the brain

Regulation of body - intelligence, consciousness, emotion determines your personality, values, right from wrong

Pons

Relays info between Cerebellum, and cerebral cortex Right and left sides cerebrum

What is the responsiblities of the Left hemisphere of the cerebrum

Segmental, sequential, and logical ways of thinking Linguistic and mathematical

Temporal lobe

Involved in auditory reception

What is the structure of the Cerebrum?

2 hemispheres/halves Internal mass is what matter surrounded by a thin layer of Grey matter Halves are linked by the corupus callosum Left side controls right side of body and vise versa for the left.

How does the brain stack against the rest of the body

2% Body weight 20% of bodies energy and Oxygen supply

Meninges

3 membranes that surround and protect CNS

Frontal lobe

Associated with conscious thought, intelligence, memory, personality Vcoluntary muscles movement Receive smell impulse via limbic system

Boroca's area

Found in left side of Cerebrum Important to speech Speaking muscles and thought to speach

How strong is the brain

Fragile, with gelatin like consistency

What are the names of the different parts of the Cerebrum

Frontal, Temporal, Parietal, And Occipital lobes the Corpus Callosum

What is the responsibilites of the right hemisphere of the cerebrum

Holistic and intuitive thinking Visual-spatial skills Artistic Ability

What does the MRI stand for

Magnetic resonance Imagry

Does the brain feel pain

No, there are no pain receptors in the brain Enables doctors to probe an awake patient

Why are modern imaging techniques so important

Non - invasive ways to see and study and alive brain

How do Lipid-soluble substances pass through the Blood-brain barrier

Pass directly through lipid bilayer Theses include Caffeine, nicotine, alcohol, heroin Allows for immediate rapid affect on brain

Brain damage can result in

Personality change, Loss of abilities - walking, talking etc. Alter senses

What parts make the Hind Brain

Pons, Medulla Oblongata, Cerebellum

What does the PET scan stand for

Postronemission Tomography

Parietal lobe

Receive taste info from thalamus to perceive taste Receives sensory info from skin Processes body position info

How does substances like Glucose and oxygen pass throough the blood-brain barrier

Special Transport mechanisms

What part of the body does the brain communicate with to for the Central Nervous System

Spinal Cord

Medulla Oblongata

Subconscious activities - heart rate blood pressure, breathing, swallowing, vomiting Automatic - Involuntary

What is wht blood brain barrier

System formed from Menegies Prevents direct circulation of blood through CNS Blocks toxins and infectious agents while supplying nutrients and oxygen

Cerebrospinal Fluid

Transports hormones, white blood cells, and nutrients across blood brain barrier Circulates between 2 layers of meninges (Arachnoid, and Pia Mater) and fills any spaces and voids within the CNS Max amount in body -150mL @ one time Replaced 4X / day with a daily max amount of 500mL created.

Occipital lobe

Visual information


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