Biology Chapter 10.1 and 10.2

What is the difference between cell plate vs cleavage furrow?

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What is the mitotic spindle, what does it do?

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What stage does G0 follow?

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What is the difference between animal and plant cells, with regards to the centrosome and centriole?

Animal cells have a centrosome while plant cells have a centriole.

How is cytokinesis different in plant and animal cells?

Animal cells have a cleavage furrow which will pinch the cytoplasm into two nearly equal parts. While plant cells have a cell plate that forms halfway between the divided nuclei.

Which animal or plant cell have a cell plate or cleavage furrow?

Animal cells have a cleavage furrow. Plant cells have a cell plate

What type of cell division is found in bacteria?

Binary fission

What is the difference between binary fission and mitosis? In other words what is the true definition of mitosis?

Binary fission happens to bacteria and prokaryotes, which has non-membrane bound organells. While mitosis happen to eukaryotes, which are membrane bound organells, which then split into two daughter cells.

What type of cells are in G0?

Brian cell, heart cells, and and eye cells.

What is the difference between: Centrosome, Centriole, Centromere?

Centrosome is an organelle that serves as the main microtubule organizing center (in the animal cell) A centriole is a barrel-shaped organelle found in most animal eukaryotic cells, though absent in higher plants and most fungi A centromere is a region of DNA typically found near the middle of a chromosome where two identical sister chromatids come in contact. It is involved in cell division as the point of mitotic spindle.

What is the difference between: Chromosome, chromatin, chromatid?

Chromosomes-strands of nucleotides (what DNA is made of) wrapped around a protein molecule Chromatin-what chromosomes and chromatin are made of chomatid-if a chromosome is replicated (copied).

What is the difference between plant cell and animal cell in mitosis as far as stages?

Cytokinesis is different in plant and animal cells.

In the cell cycle what happens during S phase?

DNA is synthesized when the chromosomes are replicated.

What is cytokinesis?

Division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells.

Which stage(s) of the cell cycle are interphase?

G1 phase, S phase, and G2 phase.

How is mitosis different from binary fission?

Mitosis is the division of the nucleus into two daughter nuclei, while Binary fission is when a cell "divides itself" asexually.

What does mitosis mean?

Part of eukaryotic cell division during which the cell nucleus divides.

In the cell cycle what happens during M?

Produces two daughter cells, this is the mitosis process.

Which stage is the shortest of the cell cycle?

The M phase is the shortest.

In the cell cycle what happens during G1?

The cell increases and synthesize new proteins and organelles.

What is the longest and shortest stages of mitosis?

The longest phase is prophase, the shortest stage is metaphase.

In the cell cycle what happens during G2?

The molecules and organelles needed for cell division are produced.

What are the stages of mitosis in order?

The stages in order are prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

What happens with the surface area to volume ratio as a cell gets bigger?

The volume is increasing faster than the surface area.

Why can't cells make it if they are so big?

There would be an information crisis, meaning after a while the DNA could not sever the needs of the cell.

What is the problem with big cells?

They need more food and oxygen but can not transfer out the waste or nutrients fast enough. Also the cell places more demand on DNA.

How do you calculate the volume and surface area of a cell shaped like a cube?

Volume: length x width x height Surface area: Length x width x 6 Ratio of surface area to volume: surface area/volume

What is G0 (zero)?

Where the cell is not dividing or preparing to do so.