Biology Chapter 14: DNA the genetic material
How many hydrogen bonds are formed between adenine and thymine in the double DNA helix?
-2
The sequence of DNA bases is written in the ______' to ______' direction.
-5' to 3'
Which enzyme covalently links nucleotides together during DNA replication?
-DNA polymerase
The term used to describe two DNA strands that run in opposite directions from each other is ____.
-antiparallel
Which of these are used in RNA?
-cytosine -adenine -guanine -uracil
In which of the following chromosomal entities are an individual's traits specified?
-genes
The 4 nitrogenous bases used in DNA
-guanine -cytosine -thymine -adenine
Nucleotides contain a sugar, a phosphate, and a _________ base.
-nitrogen
The polarity of a DNA or RNA strands refers to the orientation of which of the following?
-phosphate group to the hydroxyl group
Adjacent nucleotides in the same DNA strand are held together by covalent bonds known as __________ bonds.
-phosphodiester
Repeating sugar and phosphate units in a single DNA strand make up the ________.
-phosphodiester backbone
Many thousands of nucleotides can be joined together to form a polymer of nucleic acids via which type of bond?
-phosphodiester bond
The carbon atoms in a sugar ring are numbered in a clockwise direction starting with the carbon atom to the ______ of the oxygen atom.
-right
The DNA backbone is composed of...
-sugars and phosphate
Of the following list, which 3 items are required for DNA replication?
-template -polymerase -nucleotides
In nucleic acids, the prime symbol is used to indicate...
-the carbon in a sugar rather than the atoms in the bases attached to the sugars
Guanine forms ___ hydrogen bonds with cytosine.
-three
Match each element of the nucleotide to the sugar carbon atom it is attached to. 1'... 3'.... 5'....
1' = nitrogenous base 3' = OH group 5' = phosphate group
A segment of DNA has the sequence 5'-ATGCCC-3'. The complementary sequence would be ....
5'-GGGCAT-3'