Biology Chapter 14 Review
Which of the following is not true of RNA processing?
Exons are cut out before mRNA leaves the nucleus
A particular triplet of bases in the coding sequence of DNA is AAA, the anticodon on the tRNA binds the mRNA codon is?
UUU
RNA polymerase move in which direction along the DNA?
3' to 5' along the template strand
Examine the table of codons in Figure 14.2. A possible sequence of nucleotides in the template strand of DNA that would code for the polypeptide sequence phe-leu-ile-val would be
3'-AAA-GAA-TAA-CAA-5' ???
The anticodon loop of the first tRNA that will complement this mRNA is
3'-GGC-5'
A particular triplet of bases in the template strand of DNA is 5'-AGT-3'. The corresponding codon for mRNA transcribed is
3'-UCA-5'
5' UTR E1 I1 E2 I2 E3 I3 E4 NTR 3', which components of the previous molecular will also be found in mRNA in the cytosol.
5' UTR E1 E2 E3 E4 UTR
In order for a eukaryotic gene to be engineered into bacterial colony to be expressed, what must be included in addition to the codon exons of the genes.
A bacterial promoter sequence
Which of the following DNA mutation is likely to have the most negative effect on the protein it specifies.
A base-pair deletion
Of the following, which is the most current and complete description of a gene?
A dna sequence that is expressed to form a functional product either RNA or polypeptide
Which of the following mutations would most likely to have a harmful effect on an organism?
A single nucleotide insertion downstream of, and close to, the start of the coding sequence.
The nitrogenous base adenine is found in all members of which of the following groups of molecular.
ATP, RNA, and DNA
What is a ribozyme?
An RNA with enzymatic activity
Accuracy in the translation of mRNA into the sequence of the amino acids in a polypeptide depends on specificity in which of the following?
Bonding of the anticodon to the codon and the attachment of amino acids to tRNA
Which components is not directly involved in translation?
DNA
Where does tRNA #2 go to after bonding of lysine of polypeptide
E-site
Which of the following types of mutations could result in a frameshift mutation?
Either an insertion or deletion of a base
Which of the following is not true of a codon?
It extends from one end of tRNA molecule
What is the effect of a nucleotide-pair substitution that results in a nonsense mutation in a gene?
It introduces a premature stop codon into the mRNA
Which of the following best describes the significance of the TATA box in eukaryotic promoters.
It is the recognition site for a specific transcription factor
RNA Polymerase in a prokaryote is composed of several subunits. Most of these subunits are the same for the transcription of any gene, but are known as stigma, varies considerably, which of the following is the most probable advantage for the organism in having such variability.
It might allow the polymerase to recognize different promoters under certain environmental conditions.
In what way might a point mutation in DNA make a difference in the function of a protein?
It might substitute a different acid in the active site.
What must happen to a newly made polypeptide before it can be separated from a cell?
It's signal sequence must target it to this ER, after which it goes to the golgi
A eukaryotic transcription unit that is 8,000 nucleotides long may use 1,200 nucleotides to make a protein consisting of approximately 400 amino acids. This is best explained by the fact that
Many noncoding stretches of nucleotides are present in eukaryotic DNA
Examine the table of codons in Figure 14.2. What amino acid sequence will produced based on the following mRNA codon sequence. 5'-AUG-UCU-UCG-UUA-UCC-UUG-3'
Met-ser-ser-leu-ser-leu
Which component of the complex described enters the exit tunnel through the large subunit of the ribosome?
Newly formed polypeptide
In eukaryotes there are several different types of RNA polymerase. Which types is involved in transcription of mRNA known as pre-mRNAP.
RNA Polymerase II
Which of the following statements best describes the termination of transcription in prokaryotes?
RNA polymerase transcribes throughout the terminator sequence, causing the polymerase to separate from the DNA and release the transcript
There are 61 mRNA codons that specify an amino acid, but only 45 tRNA's. This is best explained by the fact that
Rules for base pairing between the third base of a codon and tRNA.
In comparing DNA replication with RNA transcription in the same cell, which of the following is true of replication?
The entire template molecule is represented in the product
Which of the following events in translation is the first to occur in eukaryotes.
The small subunit of the ribosome recognizing and attaching the 5' cap of mRNA
The anticodon of a tRNA molecule is
complementary to the corresponding mRNA codon.
The dipeptide that will be
proline-threonine