biology exam 2 part 2
Which of the following is directly related to a single amino acid?
3 base sequence of mRNA
the genetic code read from the mRNA in what manner?
5' to 3' in groups of three bases called codons.
Which of the following does not occur in prokaryotic gene expression, but does occur in eukaryotic gene expression?
A cap is added to the 5' end of the mRNA.
More than one codon can specify the addition of the same amino acid.
A gene from an organism can be expressed by any other organism and the resulting protein is functional.
During translation elongation, which site in the ribosome represents the location where a codon is being read?
A site
What does it mean when we say the genetic code is redundant or degenerate?
More than one codon can specify the addition of the same amino acid.
If a mutation of a single base occurs in an intron what would you predict would be a possible consequence to the protein that the gene encodes?
Nothing, as the RNA containing the mutation would be spliced out and not translated. As long as the mutation did not occur as the splice junction.
A mutation occurs in the the 5'UTR of a eukaryotic Gene. Predict what might occur to the protein encoded by this gene.
Nothing,this region is not translated so no change to the protein will occur.
Which of the following statements best describes the factor independent termination of transcription in prokaryotes?
RNA polymerase transcribes through the terminator sequence, causing the polymerase to separate from the DNA and release the transcript.
A ribozyme is _____.
RNA with catakystic activity
In an experimental situation, a student researcher inserts an mRNA molecule into a eukaryotic cell after she has removed its 5' cap and poly-A tail. Which of the following would you expect her to find?
The molecule is digested by enzymes because it is not protected at the 5' end.
in prokaryotes, the consensus -10 promoter sequence is TATAAT. What would your predict might happen if this sequence was mutated to GAGAAT?
The rate or amount of transcription from the mutated promoter would be less than the wild type consensus sequence
What occurs during the termination phase of translation?
The ribosome reachs the stop codon and a release factor enters the A site causing the ribosome to release the poly peptide and the two ribosome subunits come apart
How does termination of translation take place?
a stop codon is reached
Alternative RNA splicing
can allow the production of proteins of different sizes and functions from a single mRNA
Which of the following occurs in prokaryotes but not in eukaryotes?
concurrent transcription and translation
One way that chromatin can change between the 30nMeter (condensed) filament and the 10nMeter (uncondensed) filament
is through the interaction of histone H1 with the linker DNA regions
In eukaryotes there are several different types of RNA polymerase. Which type is involved in transcription of mRNA for a globin protein?
rna polymearse 11
Transcription in eukaryotes requires which of the following in addition to RNA polymerase?
several transcription factors
In the structural organization of many eukaryotic genes, individual exons may be related to which of the following?
the various domains or regions of the polypeptide product