Unit 4 Quiz (The Respiratory System)

Which of the following is the primary gas exchange site? Trachea Bronchiole Nasal sinuses Alveolus Bronchus

Alveolus

The gas law that describes the pressure changes that occur during pulmonary ventilation is Boyle's law Charles' law Henry's law The inhalation law The law of partial pressure

Boyle's law

pharynx

During swallowing, which structure rises?

Where is the soft palate? C E G Q S

E

inspiratory muscles relax

Exhalation begins when

What area in the figure is the sum of the vital capacity and residual volume? B A G D F

G

Where is the cricoid cartilage? D E F G H

H

Which of the below tissues maintains open airways in the lower respiratory system? stratified squamous epithelium with keratin ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells hyaline cartilage mucus membrane bone

Hyaline cartilage

Where is the epiglottis? O R S F Q

O

Which of the following is a passageway for air, food and water? Pharynx Larynx Paranasal sinuses Trachea Esophagus

Pharynx

tension of the vocal chords

Pitch is controlled by

Where are the palatine tonsils? E F R U None of these choices

R

Where is the uvula? E F Q S U

S

respiratory dead space

The conducting airways with the air that does not undergo respiratory exchange are known as the

does all of these choices

The conducting zone does NOT act to A) Clean air of debris B) Conduct air into the lungs C) Add water to air D) Warm air E) Does all of these choices

choanae

The nose connects with the pharynx through the

fauces

The opening to the pharynx from the mouth is called

carina

The point where the trachea divides into right and left primary bronchi is a ridge called

type II alveolar cells

These are cells of the alveoli that produce surfactant.

arytenoids cartilage

These are triangular pieces of mostly hyaline cartilage located at the posterior and superior border of the cricoid cartilage.

yawning

This is a deep inhalation through a widely opened mouth producing an exaggerated depression of the mandible, the precise cause of which is unknown:

valsalva maneuver

This is a forced exhalation against the closed rima glottidis as may occur during periods of straining while defecating:

coughing

This is a long drawn and deep inhalation followed by a complete closure of the rima glottidis, which results in a strong exhalation, pushing the rima glottidis open and sending a blast of air through the upper respiratory passages:

sighing

This is a long drawn and deep inhalation immediately followed by a shorter but forceful exhalation:

K

This is a ring of hyaline cartilage that forms the inferior wall of the larynx.

sobbing

This is a series of convulsive inhalations followed by a single prolonged exhalation. The rima glottidis closes earlier than normal after each inhalation so only a little air enters the lung with each inhalation:

hiccuping

This is a spasmodic contraction of the diaphragm followed by spasmodic closure of the rima glottidis, which produces a sharp sound on inhalation:

sneezing

This is a spasmodic contraction of the muscles of exhalation that forcefully expels air through the nose and mouth:

crying

This is an inhalation followed by many short convulsive exhalations during which the rima glottidis remains open and the vocal folds vibrate, accompanied by characteristic facial expressions:

laughing

This is an inhalation followed by many short convulsive exhalations during which the rima glottidis remains open and the vocal folds vibrate, accompanied by characteristic facial expressions:

oxygen out of blood, carbon dioxide into blood

This is direction of diffusion of gases at capillaries near systemic cells.

oxygen into blood, carbon dioxide out of blood

This is direction of diffusion of gases at the alveoli of the lungs.

trachea

This is located anterior to the esophagus and carries air to the bronchi.

alveolus

This is the primary gas exchange site.

E

This is the primary gas exchange structure.

functional residual capacity

This is the sum of the residual and the expiratory reserve volume.

high compliance

This means the lungs and the chest wall expand easily

T

This portion of the pharynx has five openings in its wall.

D

This provides disease resistance within the lungs.

epiglottis

This structure prevents food or water from entering the trachea

H

What area in the figure is the sum of the residual volume and the expiratory reserve volume?

F

What area in the figure is the sum of the tidal volume and the inspiratory reserve volume and expiratory reserve volume?

E

What area in the figure is the sum of the tidal volume and the inspiratory reserve volume?

G

What area in the figure is the sum of the vital capacity and residual volume?

C

What area in the figure represents a very deep exhalation, much greater than the tidal volume?

A

What area in the figure represents a very deep inhalation, much greater than the tidal volume?

B

What area in the figure represents the volume of a normal breath?

D

What area in the figure represents the volume of air remaining in the lungs after a deep exhalation?

nasal septum

What is E pointing to?

pharynx

What is a passageway for air, food and water?

J

What is also referred to as the Adam's Apple?

epiglottis

What is line A pointing to?

parietal pleura

What is line B pointing to?

alveolar ducts

What is line C pointing to?

corniculate cartilage

What is line D pointing to?

left primary bronchus

What is line J pointing to?

F and L

What lines are pointing to tertiary bronchi?

decreases, increases

When blood pH drops then the amount of oxyhemoglobin ________ and oxygen delivery to the tissue cells _________.

C

Where are the nasal conchae?

B

Where are the olfactory receptors found?

R

Where are the palatine tonsils?

H

Where is the cricoid cartilage?

O

Where is the epiglottis?

C

Where is the inferior nasal concha?

I

Where is the larynx?

B

Where is the middle nasal concha?

in the medulla

Where is the rhythmicity center for respiration?

G

Where is the right bronchiole?

E

Where is the soft palate?

A

Where is the terminal bronchiole?

J

Where is the tracheal cartilage?

S

Where is the uvula?

A

Which cell secretes surfactant?

C

Which cells are the main sites of gas exchange?

respiratory rate

Which is a factor that does NOT affect hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen? A) pH of blood B) Partial pressure of the oxygen C) Amount of oxygen available D) Temperature E) Respiratory rate

dissolved in plasma as bicarbonate ions

Which is the dominant method of carbon dioxide transport?

force of contraction of diaphragm

Which of the following is NOT a factor that the rate of pulmonary and systemic gas exchange depends on? A) Partial pressure difference of the gases B) Surface area for gas exchange C) Diffusion distance D) Molecular weight and solubility of the gases E) Force of contraction of diaphragm

trachea

Which of the following is NOT part of the upper respiratory system? A) Nose B) Oral cavity C) Pharynx D) Trachea E) Nasal meatuses

A

Which structure in the figure is the hyoid bone?

C

Which structure in the figure is the ventricular fold?

E

Which structure in the figure is the vocal fold?

simple squamous epithelium

Which tissue forms the exchange surfaces of the alveolus?

hyaline cartilage

Which tissue maintains open airways in the lower respiratory system?

ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells

Which tissue provides the functions of the inner layer of the conducting organs?

R

Which tonsils are found in the oropharynx?

urinary

With which body system does the respiratory system work to regulate the pH of body fluids?