Unit 4 Quiz (The Respiratory System)
Which of the following is the primary gas exchange site? Trachea Bronchiole Nasal sinuses Alveolus Bronchus
Alveolus
The gas law that describes the pressure changes that occur during pulmonary ventilation is Boyle's law Charles' law Henry's law The inhalation law The law of partial pressure
Boyle's law
pharynx
During swallowing, which structure rises?
Where is the soft palate? C E G Q S
E
inspiratory muscles relax
Exhalation begins when
What area in the figure is the sum of the vital capacity and residual volume? B A G D F
G
Where is the cricoid cartilage? D E F G H
H
Which of the below tissues maintains open airways in the lower respiratory system? stratified squamous epithelium with keratin ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells hyaline cartilage mucus membrane bone
Hyaline cartilage
Where is the epiglottis? O R S F Q
O
Which of the following is a passageway for air, food and water? Pharynx Larynx Paranasal sinuses Trachea Esophagus
Pharynx
tension of the vocal chords
Pitch is controlled by
Where are the palatine tonsils? E F R U None of these choices
R
Where is the uvula? E F Q S U
S
respiratory dead space
The conducting airways with the air that does not undergo respiratory exchange are known as the
does all of these choices
The conducting zone does NOT act to A) Clean air of debris B) Conduct air into the lungs C) Add water to air D) Warm air E) Does all of these choices
choanae
The nose connects with the pharynx through the
fauces
The opening to the pharynx from the mouth is called
carina
The point where the trachea divides into right and left primary bronchi is a ridge called
type II alveolar cells
These are cells of the alveoli that produce surfactant.
arytenoids cartilage
These are triangular pieces of mostly hyaline cartilage located at the posterior and superior border of the cricoid cartilage.
yawning
This is a deep inhalation through a widely opened mouth producing an exaggerated depression of the mandible, the precise cause of which is unknown:
valsalva maneuver
This is a forced exhalation against the closed rima glottidis as may occur during periods of straining while defecating:
coughing
This is a long drawn and deep inhalation followed by a complete closure of the rima glottidis, which results in a strong exhalation, pushing the rima glottidis open and sending a blast of air through the upper respiratory passages:
sighing
This is a long drawn and deep inhalation immediately followed by a shorter but forceful exhalation:
K
This is a ring of hyaline cartilage that forms the inferior wall of the larynx.
sobbing
This is a series of convulsive inhalations followed by a single prolonged exhalation. The rima glottidis closes earlier than normal after each inhalation so only a little air enters the lung with each inhalation:
hiccuping
This is a spasmodic contraction of the diaphragm followed by spasmodic closure of the rima glottidis, which produces a sharp sound on inhalation:
sneezing
This is a spasmodic contraction of the muscles of exhalation that forcefully expels air through the nose and mouth:
crying
This is an inhalation followed by many short convulsive exhalations during which the rima glottidis remains open and the vocal folds vibrate, accompanied by characteristic facial expressions:
laughing
This is an inhalation followed by many short convulsive exhalations during which the rima glottidis remains open and the vocal folds vibrate, accompanied by characteristic facial expressions:
oxygen out of blood, carbon dioxide into blood
This is direction of diffusion of gases at capillaries near systemic cells.
oxygen into blood, carbon dioxide out of blood
This is direction of diffusion of gases at the alveoli of the lungs.
trachea
This is located anterior to the esophagus and carries air to the bronchi.
alveolus
This is the primary gas exchange site.
E
This is the primary gas exchange structure.
functional residual capacity
This is the sum of the residual and the expiratory reserve volume.
high compliance
This means the lungs and the chest wall expand easily
T
This portion of the pharynx has five openings in its wall.
D
This provides disease resistance within the lungs.
epiglottis
This structure prevents food or water from entering the trachea
H
What area in the figure is the sum of the residual volume and the expiratory reserve volume?
F
What area in the figure is the sum of the tidal volume and the inspiratory reserve volume and expiratory reserve volume?
E
What area in the figure is the sum of the tidal volume and the inspiratory reserve volume?
G
What area in the figure is the sum of the vital capacity and residual volume?
C
What area in the figure represents a very deep exhalation, much greater than the tidal volume?
A
What area in the figure represents a very deep inhalation, much greater than the tidal volume?
B
What area in the figure represents the volume of a normal breath?
D
What area in the figure represents the volume of air remaining in the lungs after a deep exhalation?
nasal septum
What is E pointing to?
pharynx
What is a passageway for air, food and water?
J
What is also referred to as the Adam's Apple?
epiglottis
What is line A pointing to?
parietal pleura
What is line B pointing to?
alveolar ducts
What is line C pointing to?
corniculate cartilage
What is line D pointing to?
left primary bronchus
What is line J pointing to?
F and L
What lines are pointing to tertiary bronchi?
decreases, increases
When blood pH drops then the amount of oxyhemoglobin ________ and oxygen delivery to the tissue cells _________.
C
Where are the nasal conchae?
B
Where are the olfactory receptors found?
R
Where are the palatine tonsils?
H
Where is the cricoid cartilage?
O
Where is the epiglottis?
C
Where is the inferior nasal concha?
I
Where is the larynx?
B
Where is the middle nasal concha?
in the medulla
Where is the rhythmicity center for respiration?
G
Where is the right bronchiole?
E
Where is the soft palate?
A
Where is the terminal bronchiole?
J
Where is the tracheal cartilage?
S
Where is the uvula?
A
Which cell secretes surfactant?
C
Which cells are the main sites of gas exchange?
respiratory rate
Which is a factor that does NOT affect hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen? A) pH of blood B) Partial pressure of the oxygen C) Amount of oxygen available D) Temperature E) Respiratory rate
dissolved in plasma as bicarbonate ions
Which is the dominant method of carbon dioxide transport?
force of contraction of diaphragm
Which of the following is NOT a factor that the rate of pulmonary and systemic gas exchange depends on? A) Partial pressure difference of the gases B) Surface area for gas exchange C) Diffusion distance D) Molecular weight and solubility of the gases E) Force of contraction of diaphragm
trachea
Which of the following is NOT part of the upper respiratory system? A) Nose B) Oral cavity C) Pharynx D) Trachea E) Nasal meatuses
A
Which structure in the figure is the hyoid bone?
C
Which structure in the figure is the ventricular fold?
E
Which structure in the figure is the vocal fold?
simple squamous epithelium
Which tissue forms the exchange surfaces of the alveolus?
hyaline cartilage
Which tissue maintains open airways in the lower respiratory system?
ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells
Which tissue provides the functions of the inner layer of the conducting organs?
R
Which tonsils are found in the oropharynx?
urinary
With which body system does the respiratory system work to regulate the pH of body fluids?