Biology lesson 3.20 Respiration and photosynthesis

Cellular respiration

LOCATION-Mitochondria ENERGY- ATP(produced) OXYGEN- Used to accept hydrogen ions CARBON DIOXIDE-Released waste WATER- Released waste GLUCOSE-Broken down to provide energy.

Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide-

Cycle back and fourth between photosynthesis and cellular respiration.

Photosynthesis

LOCATION- Chloroplasts ENERGY- Sunlight(used) OXYGEGN- Released as waste CARBON DIOXIDE- Used to form Glucose WATER- Used to provide hydrogen ions GLUCOSE- Produced

chart'

.---------------.Photosynthesis.<------------------. ./ \. .| .Are chemically opposite. |. .| . Occur by different processes. |. | . Have oxygen and carbon . |. .| .dioxide cycling between . |. .\ /. .------------->.Cellular Respiration.----------------.

..

3. Photosynthesis synthesizes glucose, but both anaerobic and aerobic respiration break it down, which is what you are looking for. Anaerobic respiration does not require oxygen, which was not widely available during the times of the earliest life on earth, and aerobic respiration does. Therefore, it is most likely that the organisms underwent anaerobic respiration 4. The correct answer is c. The overall chemical equation for photosynthesis is: 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + energy -> Glucose + 6 O2 Now look at the overall chemical equation for cellular respiration, which is: Glucose + 6 O2 -> 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + energy As you can see, they are reflections of each other.

Cellular Respiration

C6H12O6+602----> 6CO2+6H20+Energy

Early organisms-

Don't undergo photosynthesis or cellular respiration (More than 3 billion years ago, algae-like organisms produced energy without using oxygen. These stromatolites are the fossilized remains of those organisms.)

The chemical Equation for cellular respiration is opposite of that for photosynthesis

Now that you are an expert on reading chemical equations (well, at least the one for photosynthesis), let's look at the one for cellular respiration . The chemical for cellular respiration is basically the opposite of the equation for photosynthesis. The only differences are that photosynthesis uses sunlight as a form of energy and cellular respiration produces energy in the form of ATP. This equation, again, looks much simpler than the process actually is because it only shows the beginning and end products, not what happens in between. Remember, cellular respiration includes several stages: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain.

The overall process of photosynthesis can be shown in a chemical equation

The overall process of photosynthesis , including light-dependent reactions and light-independent reactions (the Calvin cycle), can be represented in a single chemical equation. Here is the chemical equation for photosynthesis, which includes the symbols C for carbon, O for oxygen, and H for hydrogen. The equation shows that solar energy combines with carbon dioxide and water to form glucose and oxygen. The Chemical Equation for Photosynthesis solar energy+6CO^2+ 6h2O---> C6H12O6+602

Understanding the numbers in the chemical equation for photosynthesis is important.

The subscript numbers tell you how many atoms of that element are in a molecule. For example, in water (H2O), there are 2 atoms of hydrogen and 1 atom of oxygen. (If there is no number, assume that there is 1 atom of that element.) In a chemical equation, the number preceding a molecule tells you how many of that total molecule are used. So, 6H2O means 6 molecules of water. (If there is no number, assume that there is 1 molecule.) For photosynthesis, you can say that sunlight plus 6 molecules of carbon dioxide (CO2) and 6 molecules of water (H2O) are used to make 1 molecule of glucose (C6H12O6) and 6 molecules of oxygen (O2). The Chemical Equation for Photosynthesis Solar energy-In light-dependent reactions, sunlight strikes chlorophyll molecules, producing oxygen, the energy carrier ATP, and the electron carrier NADPH. 6CO2-Six molecules of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere enter the chloroplast. 6H20-Six molecules of water, taken up from the soil, enter the chloroplast C6H1206-In light-independent reactions, 1 molecule of glucose is produced 6O2-As part of the whole process, 6 molecules of oxygen are released from the chloroplast to the environment

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration have

chemically opposite equations and are accomplished through different processes.

Light-dependent reactions

the first stage in photosynthesis

Photosynthesis

the process by which plants and certain other organisms use the energy of sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugar and oxygen

Cellular Respiration

the process of breaking down glucose for the production of ATP in the presence of oxygen

Light-Independent Reactions.

the second and final stage in photosynthesis; also called the Calvin cycle

Calvin Cycle

the stage of photosynthesis in which carbon dioxide from the atmosphere is assembled into sugars; also called light-independent reactions