Biology Quiz 2

__________ of molecules across a selectively permeable membrane requires the input of energy from the cell, whereas ____________ of molecules across a selectively permeable membrane does not require the use of cellular energy.

Active Transport, Passive Transport

After receiving a vaccine a person begins to produce antibodies. This demonstrates an _______ immune response. Antigens are any various nonself markers found on pathogens that mark them for destruction by ______________.

Active, Antibodies

_________ immunity occurs when an individual's immune system responds to a pathogen and produces antibodies in response. __________ immunity occurs when an individual receives antibodies made by someone else.

Active; Passive

Prokaryotes typically reproduce by splitting in two through a process called _______________. Prokaryotes are single-celled, with a single loop of DNA, no membrane-enclosed organelles, and __________ reproduction. Prokaryotes can convert ____________ gas in the air into a form that plants can use through a process called nitrogen fixation. Prokaryotes that are observed attaching onto nonliving surfaces most likely possess _______.

Binary Fission, Assexual; Nitrogen, Pili

The smallest and most basic unit of life is called?

Cell

A segment of _____ that codes for a distinct genetic characteristic is called a gene.

DNA

Heterotrophic bacteria and archaeans that are ____________ are important in nutrient cycling.

Decomposers

The hormone-producing tissues of animals make up the __________ system. The cells with which a hormone interacts are called _______________.

Endocrine, Target Cells

Thermophiles thrive in extremely ____ temperatures where nothing else can live.

Hot

The body innately responds to tissue damage by mounting an immediate and coordinated sequence of events called the _______________ response.

Inflammatory

_______________ include B cells and T cells that remain in the body for long periods of time after the first exposure to a pathogen. In a specific response, B cells and T cells only recognize one particular type of _____________.

Memory Cells, Pathogen

The boundary that surrounds the contents of the nucleus is the

Nuclear Envelope

During the process of __________, water diffuses across a semipermeable membrane from an area where water is more concentrated to an area where water is less concentrated (it moves along the water concentration gradient).

Osmosis

White blood cells that engulf and destroy pathogens in a nonspecific manner are called ____________.

Phagocytes

When a white blood cell engulfs an entire bacterial cell by surrounding it with plasma membrane and bringing it into the cell in a vesicle, the white blood cell is accomplishing ______________.

Phagocytosis

DNA contains information used to construct __________.

Proteins

Disease-causing bacteria in a human begin to multiply rapidly when they sense that their numbers are high enough to overpower an immune response. This is possible because of _______________.

Quorum Sensing

A ______ is typically a piece of genetic material encased in proteins, viruses are small, noncellular infectious agents that are only capable of reproducing when inside a living cell such as those of plants, animals, fungi, protozoans, or bacteria

Virus

An example of ____________ would be a bottle of perfume spilled in the corner of a large lecture hall, the students sitting near that corner of the room would very quickly smell the perfume. Over time, the students sitting in the far corner of the room would smell the perfume.

diffusion (simple diffusion)