biology semester exam

The process of cellular respiration occurs in

mitochondria

in aerobic respiration, the Krebs cycle (citric acid cycle) takes place in A. chloroplasts. B. nuclei. C. lysosomes. D. mitochondria.

mitochondria

what is a living component of a desert in california?

a horned lizard

which molecule supplies the energy for cellular functions? A. ATP B. oxygen C. DNA D. water

a. ATP

a hurricane sweeps across a small Caribbean island, killing 50 percent of the herbivore species on the island. Which of the following is the most immediate result? A. a reduction in biodiversity B. an acceleration of the carbon cycle C. an increase in predator populations D. a decline in decomposer populations

a reduction in biodiversity

what shows a relationship between a living thing and a nonliving thing?

a tree removes a gas from the air

the diagram shows the gases that enter and leave a plant during the process of photosynthesis. Which gases do arrows 1 and 2 represent? A. Arrow 1 is nitrogen, and arrow 2 is oxygen. B. Arrow 1 is oxygen, and arrow 2 is nitrogen. C. Arrow 1 is oxygen, and arrow 2 is carbon dioxide. D. Arrow 1 is carbon dioxide, and arrow 2 is oxygen.

a. arrow 1 is nitrogen, and arrow 2 is oxygen

what statement best describes the process of respiration? A. Oxygen and sugar are used in the process that provides energy to cells; water and carbon dioxide are its waste products. B. Water and sugar are used to in the process that provides energy to cells; oxygen and carbon dioxide are its waste products. C. Oxygen and carbon dioxide are used in the process that provides energy to cells; sugar and water are its waste products. D. Carbon dioxide and sugar are used in the process that provides energy to cells; water and oxygen are its waste products.

a. oxygen and sugar are used in the process that provides energy to cells; water and carbon dioxide are its waste products.

during periods of increased global temperatures, which of the following is most likely to occur? A. a decrease in atmospheric CO2 B. an increase in atmospheric CO2 C. a decrease in earthquakes D. an increase in earthquakes

an increase in atmospheric CO2

In which situation would osmosis most likely occur in cells? A. across a permeable membrane that separates solutions of the same concentration B. across a permeable membrane that separates solutions of different concentrations C. across a nonpermeable membrane that separates solutions of the same concentration D. across a nonpermeable membrane that separates solutions of different concentrations

b. across a permeable membrane that separates solutions of different concentrations

which of the following explains why elements, such as carbon and oxygen, that are used in organic molecules are not permanently removed from the environment? A. They are replenished by sunlight. B. They are cycled through ecosystems. C. They are replaced by volcanic eruptions. D. They are produced constantly from nutrients.

b. they are cycled through ecosystems

which pair of organisms breaks down dead organisms and returns nutrients to the environment?

bacteria and fungi

When there is high atmospheric CO2 that indicates a. Low stomata density b. High stomata density/ low global temperature c. High global temperature d. Both a and c

both a and c

carbon in the atmosphere is most often found as which of the following compounds? A. stratospheric ozone B. fossil fuel C. carbon monoxide D. carbon dioxide

carbon dioxide

In which of the following ways does the respiratory system help to maintain homeostasis during exercise? A. Reserves of oxygen are built up in the alveoli. B. The pharynx supplies glucose so that the muscles can produce ATP. C. Breathing rate is increased to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide more rapidly. D. The lungs release hemoglobin so that the blood can carry more oxygen to tissues.

breathing rate is increased to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide more rapidly

In which part of a plant does photosynthesis take place? A. bark B.flowers C. leaves D. roots

c. leaves

during photosynthesis in plants, what is the source of the carbon in the sugar molecule (C6H12O6)? A. carbon dioxide in the air B. carbon monoxide in the air C. carbon particles in the soil D. carbon particles in water

carbon dioxide in the air

Which molecule in plant cells first captures the radiant energy from sunlight? A. glucose B. carbon dioxide C. chlorophyll D. adenosine triphosphate

chlorophyll

where does photosynthesis happen in the plant?

chloroplast

Complete burning of plant material returns carbon primarily to the A. herbivores. B. water. C. vegetation. D. atmosphere.

d. atmosphere

how does repeating an experiment improve the likelihood of obtaining accurate results? A. Data can be compared. B. Time can be decreased. C. Equipment can be added. D. Procedures can be changed.

data can be compared

which process will most likely lead to the scientific acceptance of a hypothesis? A. duplicating the results of an experiment B. revising the original hypothesis C. developing a theory based on the data D. changing the experimental procedures

duplicating the results of an experiment

all living and nonliving things that surround an animal are part of its

environment

If vinegar's PH is 3 then that means it is basic. true or false.

false

t or f : a carbon atom that is in the atmosphere can never end up in the deep ocean.

false

t or f : plastic in our ocean is ONLY affecting marine life

false

which of these living things depends most on good soil to grow?

flower

the first stage in cellular respiration is __________, the breakdown of glucose. a. Meiosis b. Prophase c. Glycolysis d. Telophase

glycosis

What opens and closes the stomata and resembles a pair of lips?

guard cells

which of the following is currently a primary cause of species decline worldwide? A. habitat destruction B. intraspecific c competition C. random mating D. viral outbreaks

habitat destruction

the population of which of the following organisms would most likely decline if small animals like rats, rabbits, and snakes were eliminated from an ecosystem? A. earthworms B. grasses C. hawks D. mushrooms

hawks

a boy jumps into a cold swimming pool and his body temperature goes down. His muscles, blood vessels, and nervous system work together to restore his body temperature. Which term best describes this process? A. homeostasis B. hypothermia C. reflex D. respiration

homeostasis

what is the abstract in a research article? a. It describes the topic b. It describes other related research or information c. It is a short summary of the research d. It describes what happened and how it turned out

it is a short summary of the research

what is the energy from the sunlight used to do? what work does it do?

it is activation energy used to break down the molecules

photosynthesis is a chemical reaction that converts A. light energy into chemical energy. B. heat energy into mechanical energy. C. light energy into electrical energy. D. heat energy into electrical energy.

light energy into chemical energy

which of these supply the main energy source used in cellular respiration? A. lipids B. amino acids C. nucleic acids D. carbohydrates

nucleic acids

In the carbon cycle, atmospheric carbon dioxide is converted into organic material by which process?

photosynthesis

Which of the following processes allows the cells of an organism to use carbon from the environment? A. mitosis B. fertilization C. transpiration D. photosynthesis

photosynthesis

the natural cycling of oxygen between organisms and their environment is most directly accomplished through which of the following pairs of processes? A. fermentation and oxidation B. transpiration and evaporation C. precipitation and condensation D. photosynthesis and respiration

photosynthesis and respiration

which processes are part of the carbon cycle? A. photosynthesis and respiration B. mitosis and meiosis C. osmosis and diffusion

photosynthesis and respiration

In the oxygen cycle, which group of organisms replenishes a large portion of the atmospheric oxygen supply? A. mammals B. fungi C. insects D. plants

plants

In the past 100 years, levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide have increased as the result of the burning of fossil fuels. Other processes in the carbon cycle have absorbed some of the carbon released by this combustion. Which of the following most likely have absorbed excess carbon released by combustion? A. animals B. glaciers C. plants D. rocks

plants

two students are studying what makes ice melt fastest. They want to conduct an investigation. During which of these steps in their investigation will they measure the ice? A. showing some graphs B. making a conclusion C. developing a hypothesis D. collecting some data

showing some graphs

what do plants use to release oxygen into the atmosphere? a. Animals b. Stomata c. Trunks d. Roots

stomata

In the process of photosynthesis, green plants use energy from sunlight to make which product? A. carbon dioxide B. chlorophyll C. sugar D. DNA

sugar

which of the following is broken down in the body to release energy? A. sugar B. water C. salt D. oxygen

sugar

how do plants make their own food?

sun

cellular respiration, decomposition, combustion, and photosynthesis are processes that drive which of the following cycles in ecosystems? A. the carbon cycle B. the nitrogen cycle C. the phosphorus cycle D. the water cycle

the carbon cycle

are all the atoms in the reactants found in the products?

yes

through cell respiration, plants get energy from glucose. The energy stored in glucose originally came from A. plants. B. animals. C. the sun. D. geothermal sources.

the sun

which abiotic factor limits the altitude at which plants can grow? A. the presence of a parasite B. the temperature of the area C. the presence of herbivorous animals D. the concentration of microbes in the soil

the temperature of the area

rabbits introduced into australia over 100 years ago have become a serious pest to farmers. rabbit populations increased so much that they displaced many native species of plant eaters. what is the most logical explanation for their increased numbers?

there are few effective predators

how can humans best help an endangered species avoid extinction?

they can protect the animals habitat

why did we grow radishes a. to see if the plants are changing the air around them b. to gather evidence on how radishes are easy to grow c. to see if plants take in any mass from the air around them d. to add to our salads in lunch

to see if plants take in any mass from the air around them

what is the function of autotrophs in the carbon cycle? A. to use oxygen to produce glucose B. to take in excess water C. to use carbon dioxide to produce glucose D. to feed on herbivores

to use carbon dioxide to produce glucose

If it is too hot the stomata will close so they won't lose water because they can dry out if they release too much water. true or false

true

what are four gases that contribute to the greenhouse effect?

water vapor, nitrous oxide, methane, carbon dioxide

when you lose fat, where does the mass go? a. You lose weight as water exits your body through the sweat and urine you produce b. The fat cells in your body are converted into muscle cells which occupy less space and weigh less than fat cells c. The fat in your body is converted into energy and released into the environment as heat. d. The lipids are broken down and exit your body as carbon dioxide

you lose weight as water exits your body through the sweat and urine you produce