Biology Semester Test. 2018
Based on the energy flow between trophic levels in an energy pyramid, how much energy would be expected to be found at the secondary consumer level in this pyramid?
100 joules
Which of these functions would be most immediately affected by a reduction in water uptake by roots?
Photosynthesis
Which inference do these data support?
Photosynthesis decreases in response to air pollution.
Which diagram demonstrates how crossing-over contributes to genetic variety during meiosis?
Picture C
Which of these phrases could be placed in the position marked with an X?
Provides nutrients to muscle cells
Leaf Chart question. Which tree has the unknown leaf come from?
Quercus laceyi
All bacteria disrupt the health of organisms they inhabit, including humans. Which statement correctly addresses the validity of the claim?
The claim is invalid because there are many types of bacteria that help organisms maintain homeostasis.
Estuary collects sediment. Which of the following is likely NOT involved in this example of ecological succession?
The concentration of salt becomes so high that all plant life is destroyed.
What conditions cause the contractile vacuole to fill with water?
The concentration of water is greater outside the cell than inside the cell.
Which of these will most likely happen if the plateau pikas are completely removed from the Tibetan plateau grasslands?
The ecosystem will become unstable, because the predators will have fewer prey.
GATCGATC GATCGATC Which statement describes this model of DNA?
The model is inaccurate because the base pairs are incorrect.
How would road construction through a forest most likely affect the ecosystem.
The natural succession of vegetation would change.
Taxonomic classification is important to marine biologists because it provides a way to?
identify marine organisms and find evolutionary relationships between them
This feedback loop is likely to be activated when?
the body experiences dehydration
The resistance to malaria carried by individuals in areas where malaria is widespread is the result of?
the individuals' genetic composition
Differences in traits such as hair texture are determined by differences in?
the sequence of nucleotides in DNA
Miracle Micro-B grown. Based on this information, the student can conclude that boron is absorbed by plant roots from soil and then?
transported to reproductive tissues by the plant's shoot system
What is the expected phenotypic ratio of the offspring of a BbPp × BbPp cross if these alleles sort independently?
9 black/polled : 3 black/horned : 3 red/polled : 1 red/horned
Which statement describes the mutation in the diagram?
A base is inserted into one strand of the DNA
Which of these is the direct result of an error in the transcription of a DNA nucleotide?
A codon sequence is incorrect.
The graph shows the number of taxa of reptiles whose fossilized tracks have been found. Which statement is best supported by these data?
A great extinction occurred during the Jurassic period.
A single-celled organism can be classified as a prokaryote based on the absence of?
A nucleus
Which statement about enzyme activity is best supported by this graph?
An enzyme functions best under specific temperature conditions
The most common danger related to the destruction of CD4 T cells is?
An increase in the threat of diseases caused by microorganisms
How are ferritin and glycogen similar in their primary functions for an organism?
Both store materials needed by the organism.
Which table correctly identifies the four most-abundant elements in biomolecules?
Carbon . - Fluorine Hydrogen . - Iodine Nitrogen . - Oxygen . - Phosphorus
Which of these are the most basic levels of organization involved when a bone heals?
Cells and tissue
Photosynthesis and cellular respiration both involve the use and release of gases. Which statement correctly identifies the role of gases in the two processes?
Cellular respiration uses oxygen and releases carbon dioxide, while photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide and releases oxygen
The relationship between the remora and the shark is an example of?
Commensalism
"Gas trouble" Which of the following represents evidence that could be used to support the claims about this product?
Consuming enzymes specific for carbohydrate digestion helps the body digest complex carbohydrates more quickly in the stomach and small intestine.
The embryonic cells become specialized for a variety of functions. Which of these statements best describes how different cell types develop?
Each cell has an identical copy of DNA with enzymes controlling the expression of specific genes, leading to a variety of cells.
Which conclusion about the relatedness of the lizards do these data support?
G. simonyi and G. bravoana are the most closely related.
What causes this change in fur color?
Gene expression for fur color is regulated by temperature.
Common baboon. Which of these is a likely outcome of movement by young males?
Gene flow occurs between populations
Which molecule synthesized by plants is a major source of energy for cellular processes in both plants and animals?
Glucose
Which statement about the beetles in this environment is best supported by the data?
Green beetles are more fit for the environment than brown beetles are.
Which statement provides the best evidence that Ambulocetus natans is an ancestor of Basilosaurus isis?
Homologous structures occur in each fossil.
Which of the following is an example of the endocrine system interacting directly with the nervous system?
Hormones provide feedback that affects neutral processing.
Which body systems are directly responsible for regulating these nodes and protecting the body from harmful materials in tissue fluid?
Immune and lymphatic systems
These cells produce a thick mucus that coats the epithelium on the inside surface of the stomach. What is the purpose of the mucous coating?
It protects the epithelium from the acid content of the stomach.
An increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere can cause atmospheric temperatures to increase. Which statement explains how this could affect the ocean as a carbon sink?
Less carbon dioxide would be dissolved in the ocean because increasing atmospheric temperatures would cause ocean temperatures to increase.
When primary succession occurs on a moraine, which life-forms will help create the soil by breaking down bare rock?
Lichens
Which statement best explains why the grass tips of the experimental group bent toward the light?
Light sensors in the grass tips stimulated a hormone in the shoot system.
Four common relationships between organisms are listed in the box. Which statements best describe these relationships?
Relationships 1, 2, and 4 are examples of mutualism. Relationship 3 is an example of parasitism.
People who have leukemia, a cancer that affects white blood cells, are often given Cytarabine. This drug inhibits the synthesis of DNA. Which phase of the cell cycle is most affected by Cytarabine?
S phase
The donor of which sample is most closely related to the donor of the unknown sample?
Sample 3
Fruit-fly DNA from a gene for a particular trait with frog DNA. The results provide evidence that?
Similar nucleotides are present in both fruit-fly and frog DNA
which table correctly classifies these organisms?
Table H: Producers Longleaf woodoats, water oaks Primary consumers Field sparrows, white-tailed deer, eastern gray squirrels, white-footed mice, beetles, ants Secondary consumers Striped skunks, Louisiana milk snakes Top predators Great horned owls, red-tailed hawks
Which two trees are the most closely related?
Taiwan catkin yew and lodgepole pine
Which theory is represented in this diagram?
The theory that complex cells evolved after primitive cells engulfed bacterial cells that continued functioning
A model of a biological process is shown. What is the purpose of this process?
To translate the genetic code into a specific sequence of amino acids
Which circle graph shows the genotype probability when an albino female mates with a male that is a heterozygous (has a upper case, followed by a lower case) for the albinism trait?
aa/Aa
Viruses can be transmitted through air, water, food, insect bites, and direct skin contact. Once a virus gains entry to the body, it invades a host cell in order to
access cellular processes for replication
This part of the cell cycle is best described as the process that?
completes cell divison
