BIZ 2331 (Principles of Management) Final Exam Review

T/F: The Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 is a major federal employment law.

True

Jenny is a manager at a marketing firm. She refuses to promote the hardest working salesperson in the company because she does not like that employee. In the context of workplace deviance, this is an example of _____. a. political deviance b.production deviance c.property deviance d.personal aggression

a. political deviance

A(n) _____ is a group member whose work pace is significantly faster than the normal pace in his or her group. a.rate buster b.opinion leader c.bureaucrat d.soldier

a. rate buster

Communication is the process of transmitting information from one person or place to another. a. true b. false

a. true

_____ developed the 14 principles of management. Select one: a.Elton Mayo b.Max Weber c.Henri Fayol d.Frank Gilbreth

c.Henri Fayol

Identify a true statement about planning. a.It is the process of monitoring progress toward goal achievement. b.It involves deciding where decisions will be made. c.It involves inspiring and motivating workers to work hard to achieve organizational goals. d.It encourages employees to engage in behaviors directly related to goal accomplishment.

D. It encourages employees to engage in behaviors directly related to goal accomplishment.

T/F: Technical skills are more important for top managers and middle managers than they are for lower-level managers.

False

_____ are defined as nontax methods of increasing the cost or reducing the volume of imported goods. a.Nonresident barriers b.Quorums c.Nontariff barriers d.Grants

c.Nontariff barriers

In the context of the Boston Consulting Group (BCG) matrix, unlike cash cows, dogs have: a.a large share of a slow-growing market. b.a large share of a fast-growing market. c.a small share of a slow-growing market. d.a small share of a fast-growing market.

c.a small share of a slow-growing market.

In the context of brainstorming, _____ is the fear of what others will think of one's ideas. a.production blocking b.cognitive conflict c.evaluation apprehension d.dialectal inquiry

c.evaluation apprehension

In an organization, _____ are responsible for developing and carrying out operational plans. a.top managers b.board of directors c.lower-level managers d.middle managers

c.lower-level managers

Jose is a school teacher. If his students score less than 50 percent on their class tests, he assigns them extra homework. Jose is using _____. a. concurrent control b. reactive control c. feedforward control d. feedback control

d. feedback control

The Hawthorne Studies showed how _____ can influence work. a.merit-based promotions b.organizational codes of ethics c.work quotas d.workers' feelings

d. worker's feelings

Ethereal Feels is a food catering company. It wants to revamp its business in order to expand its customer base. The top management of the company makes an official announcement to all its employees about its new business model. In the context of formal communication channels, this scenario illustrates _____. a. downward communication b. horizontal communication c. upward communication d. lateral communication

a. downward communication

Managers who use bureaucratic control are known to: a. emphasize following the rules above all else. b. place little emphasis on policies and procedures. c. place little emphasis on policies and procedures. d. rely on group norms rather than on formalized rules and regulations.

a. emphasize following the rules above all else.

All work-in-process inventories are assembled to create _____. a. finished goods inventories b. feedstock inventories c. component parts inventories d. raw material inventories

a. finished goods inventories

A memo or email is often a better communication medium than the oral medium when the message: a. includes straightforward information. b. includes a detailed request requiring two-way communication. c. requires immediate feedback. d. is complex and hard to decipher.

a. includes straightforward information.

According to Mary Parker Follett, in the context of constructive conflict and coordination, _____ involves invention. a. integration b.coercion c.domination d.compromise

a. integration

A logistics company recently installed microchips in all its telephone sets to track and record calls made by its employees. The company did this to ensure that the employees were making only service calls and not personal calls. This is most likely an example of _____. a. objective control b. concertive control c. normative control d. bureaucratic control

a. objective control

Customer defections have a great effect on profits. a. true b. false

a. true

Economic value added (EVA) does not specify what should or should not be done to improve performance. a. true b. false

a. true

Much of the basic management process cannot be performed without effective communication. a. true b. false

a. true

Clarespharm, a pharmaceutical company, wants to be the market leader in the country of Jefnamia by the end of the next fiscal year. To start working toward this goal, the marketing department of Clarespharm sets targets for the marketing teams. Which of the following is ideally the next step for achieving Clarespharm's goal to be the market leader? a.Developing commitment to the goal b.Maintaining flexibility in planning c.Developing effective action plans d.Tracking progress toward goal achievement

a.Developing commitment to the goal

Celvokay, a company that manufactures cell phones and cell phone accessories, has launched a new cell phone that comes along with a new model of earphones with the noise-cancellation feature. These earphones are designed such that they can also be used with the older models of Celvokay's phones. Which of the following concepts does this scenario best illustrate? a.Generational change b.Unfreezing c.Refreezing d.Technological lockout

a.Generational change

In the context of management functions, which of the following is true of planning? a.It is one of the best ways to improve performance. b.It is the last function of management. c.It involves hiring and leading workers. d.It involves monitoring progress toward goal achievement.

a.It is one of the best ways to improve performance.

As the art director of a film production company, Arthur carries out the duties that are assigned to him by his manager. At the same time, Arthur issues orders to the assistant art directors who work under him. In the context of organizational authority, which of the following features of a traditional organizational structure does this scenario best illustrate? a.Line authority b.Horizontal authority c.Staff authority d.Pseudo-authority

a.Line authority

Which of the following steps is a manager most likely to take if he or she is using goal-setting theory as a motivational tool for his or her employees? a.Making sure workers truly accept organizational goals b.Reducing employees' inputs c.Refraining from reinforcing wrong behaviors d.Refraining from providing frequent, performance-specific feedback

a.Making sure workers truly accept organizational goals

T/F: A competitive advantage becomes a sustainable competitive advantage when other companies start duplicating the value a firm is providing to customers.

False

T/F: First-line managers are primarily responsible for facilitating team activities toward accomplishing a goal.

False

T/F: Growth, stability, and retrenchment are all types of portfolio strategies that companies use to decide which businesses they should be in.

False

T/F: Human skills are more important for team leaders and lower-level managers than for top managers.

False

T/F: Proactive monitoring of customers involves identifying and addressing customer trends and problems after they occur.

False

T/F: Reactive customer monitoring involves identifying and addressing customer needs, trends, and issues before they occur.

False

T/F: Chester Barnard invented the printing press.

False (Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press)

According to Henri Fayol's principles of management, which of the following is true of unity of direction? a.One person and one plan should be used in deciding the activities to be carried out. b. Employees must put the organization's interests and goals before their own. c.There should be no overlapping responsibilities for the employees. d.All employees should report to and receive orders from just one boss.

a.One person and one plan should be used in deciding the activities to be carried out.

Which of the following is a disadvantage of electronic brainstorming? a.Outgoing individuals can find it difficult to express themselves in writing. b.Ideas do not remain anonymous. c.It causes production blocking when one has to wait to present an idea. d.It creates evaluation apprehension.

a.Outgoing individuals can find it difficult to express themselves in writing.

Which of the following is one of the five industry forces identified by Harvard professor Michael Porter? a.The threat of new entrants b.The threat of strategic dissonance c.The threat of planned obsolescence d.The threat of competitive inertia

a.The threat of new entrants

Andy works at a shoe manufacturing plant. He has a nine-hour daily shift in the factory. However, he only works for six hours and tells his supervisor that he has worked for nine hours. In the context of workplace deviance, this is an example of _____. a.property deviance b.political deviance c.personal aggression d.production deviance

Production deviance

T/F: Alderfer suggests that people are just as likely to move down Maslow's needs hierarchy as up.

True

T/F: Businesses have always looked for information technologies that would speed access to timely information.

True

T/F: Frank and Lillian Gilbreth used motion-picture films to analyze jobs.

True

T/F: The threat of new entrants is a measure of the degree to which barriers to entry make it easy or difficult for new companies to get started in an industry.

True

T/F: Trait theory holds that leaders are taller and more confident and have greater physical stamina (that is, higher energy levels) than nonleaders.

True

In the context of the BCG matrix, which of the following businesses would be classified as a dog? a.Bigs Steel, a metal manufacturer that has negligible market share in a slow-growing industry b.Ultimo Phone, a smartphone manufacturer that is the market leader in a rapidly growing industry c.Cleep Sweep, a detergent company that has been earning steady profits in a slow-growing industry d.Brain Cash, a finance company that is struggling for market share in a fast-growing industry

a. Bigs Steel, a metal manufacturer that has negligible market share in a slow-growing industry

Unlike the distinctive competencies of a company, the core capabilities of a company: a.determine how efficiently inputs can be turned into outputs. b.cannot be sustained for long without superior distinctive competencies. c.include things that the company can make, do, or perform better than its competitors. d.are tangible and more visible.

a. determine how efficiently inputs can be turned into outputs.

Diversity drives business growth by: a.weakening business monopoly. b.decreasing competition in the industry. c.reinforcing affirmative action. d.attracting different customers and markets.

d.attracting different customers and markets.

In the context of managing organizational change, which of the following is a difference between unfreezing and refreezing? a.Unfreezing is getting the people affected by change to believe that change is needed, whereas refreezing is supporting and reinforcing the new changes so that they stick. b.Unfreezing takes place only at the lower levels of an organization, whereas refreezing takes place only at the higher levels of an organization. c.Unfreezing focuses on long-term goals, whereas refreezing focuses on short-term goals. d.Unfreezing occurs through coercion, whereas refreezing occurs through education and communication.

a.Unfreezing is getting the people affected by change to believe that change is needed, whereas refreezing is supporting and reinforcing the new changes so that they stick.

In the context of the mistakes managers make,which of the following is a difference between arrivers and derailers? a.Unlike arrivers, derailers are managers who are successful early in their careers but are knocked off the fast track by the time they reach the middle to upper levels of management b.Unlike arrivers, derailers usually have no more than one fatal flaw. c.Unlike derailers, arrivers are insensitive to others by virtue of their abrasive, intimidating, and bullying management style. d.Unlike arrivers, derailers are managers who make it all the way to the top of their companies.

a.Unlike arrivers, derailers are managers who are successful early in their careers but are knocked off the fast track by the time they reach the middle to upper levels of management

In the context of group decision making, which of the following is a difference between the nominal group technique (NGT) and the Delphi technique? a.Unlike the NGT, the Delphi technique involves creating a series of open-ended questions for group members. b.Unlike the Delphi technique, the NGT increases a-type conflicts. c.Unlike the NGT, the Delphi technique requires all panel members to gather together in one place. d.Unlike the Delphi technique, the NGTproduces better decisions than the devil's advocacy and dialectical inquiry approaches.

a.Unlike the NGT, the Delphi technique involves creating a series of open-ended questions for group members.

Job specifications can be defined as: a.a written summary of the qualifications needed to successfully perform a particular job. b.a set of procedures for advertising job openings within a company to existing employees. c.written descriptions of the basic responsibilities required of an employee holding a particular job. d.planned sequences of jobs through which employees may advance within an organization.

a.a written summary of the qualifications needed to successfully perform a particular job.

A difference between workplace diversity and affirmative action is that: a.affirmative action is required by law for private employers with fifty or more employees, whereas diversity is not. b.organizations cannot achieve diversity without affirmative action, whereas affirmative action can take place without diversity. c.unlike diversity programs, organizations that pursue affirmative action programs do so voluntarily. d.affirmative action guarantees diversity, whereas diversity does not guarantee affirmative action.

a.affirmative action is required by law for private employers with fifty or more employees, whereas diversity is not.

Unlike leaders, managers: a.are concerned with control and limiting the choices of others. b.inspire and motivate others to find their own solutions. c.are more concerned with what work gets done. d.focus on vision, mission, goals, and objectives.

a.are concerned with control and limiting the choices of others. b.inspire and motivate others to find their own solutions.

Unlike nontariff barriers, tariffs _____. a.are direct taxes on imported goods b.increase the cost of imported goods c.decrease the cost of exported goods d.are nontax methods of reducing the volume of imported goods

a.are direct taxes on imported goods

Kevin owns a restaurant. He does not hire or dismiss his employees and has a dedicated team that handles the hiring of chefs and other workers. Tasks and responsibilities of every employee are well defined and documented. Based on the given information, Kevin's restaurant is a _____. a.bureaucratic organization b.flat organization c.patriarchy organization d.low-key organization

a.bureaucratic organization

The most popular approach to increase goal commitment is to: a.encourage employee participation while setting goals. b.minimize employee involvement in planning. c.develop less challenging goals. d.ask the top management to assign goals.

a.encourage employee participation while setting goals.

Abigail works at the information desk of a gallery. She is shy and tends to speak only when spoken to. Abigail is an artist herself. She is quiet, thoughtful, and reads a lot about the art world and has in-depth knowledge about all the artwork that is displayed in the gallery. In the context of personalities, Abigail can be described as being a(n) _____. a.introvert b.extravert c.narcissist d.mediator

a.introvert

Emma works as a receptionist at Willoware Inc. As a part of her job, she is responsible not only for attending calls but also for welcoming clients and customers, keeping a record of the visitors, and mediating between visitors and managers. In the context of job design, Willoware Inc. is most likely using _____. a.job enlargement b.job specialization c.task identity d.task rigidity

a.job enlargement

In the context of decision making, a _____ is a gap between a desired state and an existing state. a.problem b.minimum threshold c.condition of certainty d.benchmark

a.problem

Management by objectives is a management technique often used by middle managers to develop and carry out _____. a.tactical plans b.standing plans c.operational plans d.strategic plans

a.tactical plans

Social loafing occurs when: a.team members withhold their efforts and fail to perform their share of the work. b.workers complete the assigned tasks and feel obligated to socialize with other team members. c.team members feel intense pressure to not disagree with each other so that the team can approve a proposed solution. d.workers develop healthy interpersonal relationships with other team members.

a.team members withhold their efforts and fail to perform their share of the work.

Economic value added (EVA) is the same thing as profits. a. True b. False

b. False

Which of the following is a difference between manual capture of information and electronic capture of information? a. Manual capture of information involves the use of radio frequency identification tags, whereas electronic capture of information involves the use of bar codes. b. Manual capture of information is a slow process, whereas electronic capture records information at high speed. c. Manual capture of information is a labor-intensive, often accurate process, whereas electronic capture of information is an automated, often inaccurate process. d. Manual capture of information is an inexpensive way to collect information, whereas electronic capture of information results in huge costs.

b. Manual capture of information is a slow process, whereas electronic capture records information at high speed.

_____ refers to the values, beliefs, and attitudes shared by organizational members. a. Organizational hierarchy b. Organizational culture c. Organizational design d. Organizational innovation

b. Organizational culture

A business administrator in a school is determining how classes will be scheduled, which rooms will be allocated, and who will teach each subject in the curriculum. Which of the following management functions is illustrated in this scenario? a. Controlling b. Organizing c. Planning d. Leading

b. Organizing

Which of the following statements is true of bureaucratically controlled companies? a. They are highly responsive to their customers' needs. b. They are highly resistant to change. c. They rely on group norms rather than on formalized rules and regulations. d. They place little emphasis on policies and procedures.

b. They are highly resistant to change.

The two critical steps that are required to make sure that data can be accessed by approved users and no one else are: a. empowerment and encryption. b. authentication and authorization. c. authentication and encryption. d. empowerment and authorization.

b. authentication and authorization.

Cora is planning to open a restaurant. Before proceeding with the plan, she collects data on the operating standards of one her favorite restaurants that inspired her to open her own restaurant.This is an example of _____. a. suboptimization b. benchmarking c. brainstorming d. delegation

b. benchmarking

After Axcess Systems lost a major client, it decided to change its organizational structure. To communicate the organizational change to its employees, the top management sends out an email containing a detailed account of its new strategic plan to all the employees. In the context of formal communication channels, this scenario illustrates _____. a. upward communication b. downward communication c. horizontal communication d. lateral communication

b. downward communication

Environmental uncertainty in an organization is high when: a.resource scarcity is low. b.environmental change is extensive. c.industry regulations are strict. d.environmental complexity is low.

b. environmental change is extensive

A company that has gained first-mover advantage is immune to competition. a. true b. false

b. false

A just-in-time (JIT) inventory system is used with independent demand systems. a. true b. false

b. false

In the context of the communication process, _____ makes senders aware of possible miscommunications and enables them to continue communicating until the receiver understands the intended message. (and one of the used the end of class memos as it enable Professor Ernst to ensure that what was taught was received correctly) a. retention b. feedback c. encoding d. attenuation

b. feedback

A team leader is responsible for: a. closely monitoring long-term business, economic, and social trends. b. fostering good relationships within his or her team. c. his or her team's performance. d. developing organizational codes of ethics.

b. fostering good relationships within his or her team.

Unlike upward communication, horizontal communication: a. is usually seen in organizations with centralized authority. b. helps people at the same organizational level resolve conflicts without involving high levels of management. c. helps higher-level managers assess organizational performance and effectiveness. d. encourages those at lower levels in an organization to share their concerns with higher-level authorities.

b. helps people at the same organizational level resolve conflicts without involving high levels of management.

Unlike holding cost, stockout cost: a. is also known as carrying cost. b. is incurred when a company runs out of a product. c. does not include the transaction costs of overtime work and shipping. d. includes inventory taxes and the cost of obsolescence.

b. is incurred when a company runs out of a product.

Jandes, a daily newspaper, follows a formal structure with little flexibility. The team managers of the company are required to ensure that their team members arrive at work by 9 a.m. every day. All the employees are required to stay for a minimum of 45 hours in office per week. This scenario best illustrates Jandes's _____. a.industry regulation b.organizational culture c.punctuated equilibrium d.opportunistic behavior

b. organizational culture

Because of _____, people exposed to the same information will often disagree about what they saw or heard. a. cognitive mapping b. perceptual filtering c. empathetic listening d. respondent conditioning

b. perceptual filtering

All the copy editors at Edit Lab can work at their own pace provided they make their submissions on time. This is a convenient setup for the employees at Edit Lab because it uses _____. a. normative control b. self-control c. behavior control d. concertive control

b. self-control

Unlike spamming, phishing involves: a. clogging and overloading email servers and inboxes with junk mail. b. sending fake but real-looking emails and websites that trick users into sharing personal information c. recording everything typed at the keyboard and intercepting keystrokes before password masking occurs. d. tracing web usage and permitting the creation of personalized web pages that track behavior.

b. sending fake but real-looking emails and websites that trick users into sharing personal information

Which of the following is an advantage of cross-training? a.It reduces training expenses for an organization. b.It allows a team to function normally even in the absence of a member. c.It increases the external pool of resources for recruitment. d.It suppresses the skills and knowledge of an organization's competitors.

b.It allows a team to function normally even in the absence of a member.

Which of the following best defines scientific management? a.It is the set of moral principles or values that defines right and wrong for a person or a group. b.It is the thorough studying and testing of different work methods to identify the best, most efficient way to complete a job. c.It is the behavior that conforms to a society's accepted principles of right and wrong. d.It is maintaining planning flexibility by making small, simultaneous investments in many alternative plans.

b.It is the thorough studying and testing of different work methods to identify the best, most efficient way to complete a job.

Which of the following is a function of leaders? a.Leaders try to control and limit choices of others. b.Leaders inspire people and take a long-term view. c.Leaders focus on the means of getting things done. d.Leaders solve the problems that employees face.

b.Leaders inspire people and take a long-term view.

Gettorx, a multinationalpersonal care company,organized its labor force on the basis of the category of products that it deals with, such as bathing accessories, makeup products, and hair cleansers. All these departments have their own marketing, finance, and sales divisions. In this scenario, which of the following organizational structures does Gettorx most likely follow? a.Customer departmentalization b.Matrix departmentalization c.Geographic departmentalization d.Process departmentalization

b.Matrix departmentalization

Which of the following is true of leaders? a.They focus on productivity and efficiency. b.They focus on vision, mission, goals, and organizational objectives. c.They solve problems so that others can do their work. d.They see themselves as preservers of the status quo.

b.They focus on vision, mission, goals, and organizational objectives.

June does not like her new job as a web designer at a software company because she finds the work culture unfitting. Her female peers go on dinner dates with the project manager to get their work approved. She also has male colleagues who exhibit inappropriate behavior. In the context of employment legislation, this scenario best illustrates _____. a.a cognitive bias b.a hostile work environment c.adverse impact d.structural accommodation

b.a hostile work environment

In the context of organizational development, the purpose of small-group interventions is to: a.change the character and performance of an organization, business unit, or department. b.assess how a group functions and help it work more effectively to accomplish its goals. c.increase interpersonal effectiveness by helping people to become aware of their attitudes. d.help people acquire new skills and knowledge.

b.assess how a group functions and help it work more effectively to accomplish its goals.

Helene, a senior manager of an accounting firm, replaces a few of the company's existing processes and policies. Instead of the flexible nine-hour work plan, she makes it mandatory for all employees to work from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. In this scenario, Helene is most likely using _____. a.behavioral conditioning b.behavioral substitution c.behavioral opportunism d.behavioral deskilling

b.behavioral substitution

A drawback of planning is that it: a.discourages employees to put in additional efforts when following a plan. b.causes detachment, which leads planners to plan for things they do not understand. c.fails to provide direction to managerial activities. d.decreases persistence among employees, and leads to slackness.

b.causes detachment, which leads planners to plan for things they do not understand.

Frieda owns a chain of tattoo studios. Her studios are managed by a group of employees. Despite personality differences, the employees are able to work together effectively. In the given scenario, Frieda's employees display _____. Select one: a.genetic diversity b.deep-level diversity c.functional diversity d.surface-level diversity

b.deep-level diversity

Amborfes Inc., a company that supplies packing materials to pharmaceutical manufacturing companies, ensures that its employees do not get bored of specific jobs by periodically moving them across a variety of jobs such as pasting of cartons, manufacturing of blisters, manufacturing of sleeves for plastic bottles, scoring of cartons, and printing and laminating of cartons. In the context of job design, Amborfes Inc. is most likely using _____. a.task identity b.job rotation c.task rigidity d.job specialization

b.job rotation

In an organization, _____ are responsible for the creation of tactical plans. a.top managers b.middle managers c.first-level managers d.chief financial officers

b.middle managers

A marketing team at Wident Inc. consists of six people. Randy is the only team member who speaks for the entire duration in every team meeting and does not let other team members share their views. This work team is most likely experiencing _____. a.groupthink b.minority domination c.synergy d.structural accommodation

b.minority domination

The _____ holds that an individual should never do anything that is not honest, open, and truthful and that he or she would not be glad to see reported in the newspapers or on television. a.principle of distributive justice b.principle of personal virtue c.principle of utilitarian benefits d.principle of government requirements

b.principle of personal virtue

A team of engineers and architects has been formed to work on the construction of a bridge. The team will work together on-site till the construction of the bridge is complete. Thereafter, it will be dissolved. This team is an example of a(n) _____. a.self-designing team b.project team c.virtual team d.advisory team

b.project team

Robert has a list of characteristics that he wants his new house to have, and he has listed every item in that list in their order of importance to him. Among the items on his list, the proximity to a bus stop has the highest priority as it is his primary means of commuting, and the street name has the lowest priority. In this scenario, Robert is using _____ to make a rational decision. a.benchmarking b.relative comparisons c.satisficing d.absolute comparisons

b.relative comparisons

In the context of surface-level diversity, _____ occurs when people are treated differently because of their gender. a.racial discrimination b.sex discrimination c.ethnic discrimination d.genetic discrimination

b.sex discrimination

Amy, the chief operations officer of a company that manufactures baby products, formulates a plan on how the company's newly launched products will serve its wide customer base and how it will deal with its competitors. In this scenario, Amy has most likely contributed to developing the company's _____. a.single-use plan b.strategic plan c.operational plan d.tactical plan

b.strategic plan

In the context of the BCG matrix, which of the following businesses would be classified as a question mark? Select one: a.RigsWheels, a tire manufacturer that has negligible market share in a slow-growing industry b.PrimeSmart, a smartphone manufacturer that is the market leader in a rapidly growing industry c.RainTech, an electronics company that is struggling for market share in a fast-growing industry d.HappyTot, a children's toy company that has been earning steady profits in a slow-growing industry

c. RainTech, an electronics company that is struggling for market share in a fast-growing industry

Arboral Inc., an auto manufacturing company, has been extremely successful in its home country. In an attempt to increase its profitability, it has opened up new manufacturing plants and showrooms in three more countries. Which of the following grand strategies was used by Arboral in this scenario? a.The stability strategy b.The retrenchment strategy c.The growth strategy d.The acquisition strategy

c. The growth strategy

Alice, a reporter at a daily newspaper, is given a low performance rating because she has not been meeting productivity requirements. She is personally affected by the low rating and gets into an argument with her manager. In this scenario, the disagreements between Alice and her supervisor can best be classified as _____. a.cognitive conflict b.constructive conflict c.a-type conflict d.c-type conflict

c. a-type conflict

Johnson has a quick temper and is known to shout at his coworkers when they try to talk to him. In the context of workplace deviance, this is an example of _____. a.production deviance b.property deviance c.personal aggression d.political deviance

c. personal aggression

According to bureaucratic management, _____ should supervise an organization to reduce favoritism. a.shareholders b.business partners c.professional managers d.creeditors

c. professional managers

_____ are groups of concerned citizens who band together to try to influence the business practices of specific industries, businesses, and professions. a.Competitor groups b.Employee groups c. Advocacy groups d. Supplier groups

c. Advocacy groups

_____ is the process of identifying outstanding practices, processes, and standards in other companies and adapting them to your company. a. Regulating b. Profiling c. Benchmarking d. Branding

c. Benchmarking

Which of the following statements defines communication cost? a. It is the cost of transforming raw data into meaningful information. b. It is the cost of obtaining data that an organization does not have. c. It is the cost of transmitting information from one place to another. d. It is the cost of physically or electronically archiving information.

c. It is the cost of transmitting information from one place to another.

In the context of scientific management, who among the following is a rate buster? a.Jamie, who is the most sociable member in his team b.Samantha, who is always the first one to reach her workplace c. Jasmine, who completes her work before its due date d. Peter, who is the most experienced member of his team

c. Jasmine, who completes her work before its due date

_____ assesses how efficiently companies use only one input, such as labor, when creating outputs. a. Multifactor productivity b. Service recovery c. Partial productivity d. Internal service quality

c. Partial productivity

Which of the following statements is true of Mary Parker Follett? a.She believed that authority flows from position rather than from job knowledge and experience. b.She emphasized that the best way to deal with conflict is domination. c.She believed that giving orders involves discussing instructions and dealing with resentment. d.She cast power as "over" rather than "with" others.

c. She believed that giving orders involves discussing instructions and dealing with resentment.

Cooling Systemz is a company that manufactures electric heaters and air conditioners. Customers purchase standardized items from this store for their homes and offices. The company has adopted make-to-stock operations. Based on this information, which of the following statements is true of Cooling Systemz? a. The company produces or assembles highly specialized products for customers. b. The company orders parts and assembles modules ahead of customer orders. c. The company starts assembling finished products before receiving customer orders. d. The company is not dependent on the accuracy of sales forecasts.

c. The company starts assembling finished products before receiving customer orders.

In the context of communication, which of the following is a difference between encoding and decoding? a. Encoding does not require a communication channel, whereas decoding requires a communication channel. b. The process of encoding is affected by noise, whereas the process of decoding is not affected by noise. c. Unlike encoding, decoding is the process by which the receiver translates the verbal or symbolic form of a message into an understood message. d. Unlike decoding, the process of encoding is immediately followed by the process of providing feedback to the sender of a message.

c. Unlike encoding, decoding is the process by which the receiver translates the verbal or symbolic form of a message into an understood message.

Which of the following is a difference between partial productivity and multifactor productivity? a. Unlike multifactor productivity, partial productivity only indicates how much labor and capital a company requires to produce an output. b. Unlike multifactor productivity, partial productivity indicates a company's overall level of productivity relative to its competitors. c. Unlike partial productivity measures, multifactor productivity measures do not indicate the specific contributions that labor, capital, materials, or energy make to overall productivity. d. Unlike partial productivity measures, multifactor productivity measures can help managers determine what factors need to be adjusted or in what areas adjustment can make the most difference in overall productivity.

c. Unlike partial productivity measures, multifactor productivity measures do not indicate the specific contributions that labor, capital, materials, or energy make to overall productivity.

Which of the following is a difference between oral communication and written communication? a. Written communication is a richer communication medium than oral communication. b. Unlike written communication, oral communication is well suited for delivering straightforward messages and information. c. Unlike written communication, oral communication is well suited for delivering complex, ambiguous, or emotionally laden messages. d. Written communication provides more nonverbal cues than oral communication.

c. Unlike written communication, oral communication is well suited for delivering complex, ambiguous, or emotionally laden messages.

_____ are also known as partially finished goods. a. Component parts inventories b. Raw material inventories c. Work-in-process inventories d. Feedstock inventories

c. Work-in-process inventories

Joanna is the manager of a luxury hotel. All her team members are required to follow a code of conduct. If they do so consistently, they are awarded an appreciation certificate. However, if they fail to do so, Joanna imposes a fine on them, which is later deducted from their salary. In this scenario, Joanna is using _____. a. concertive control b. adaptive control c. bureaucratic control d. normative control

c. bureaucratic control

The final step in setting standards by benchmarking is to _____. a. implement functional departmentalization across a company b. identify the companies against which to benchmark one's standards c. collect data to determine other companies' performance standards d. determine the effects of benchmarking on the company's performance

c. collect data to determine other companies' performance standards

Chace is a manager at Westwick Inc., an advertising company. He regularly holds meetings with his subordinates to track their work progress and address issues that they might be facing. This way, Chace tries to ensure that issues are identified early and work is completed on time. In this case, Chace is using _____. a. feedforward control b. feedback control c. concurrent control d. reactive control

c. concurrent control

In the context of formal communication channels, a day-shift nurse coming in at 7:30 a.m. for a half-hour discussion with the midnight nurse supervisor who leaves at 8:00 a.m. is an example of _____. a. incongruent communication b. upward communication c. horizontal communication d. downward communication

c. horizontal communication

Unlike authorization, authentication is: a. only allowed to be done by the top-level management in an organization. b. foolproof and immune to data thefts. c. making sure potential users are who they claim to be. d. granting users approved access to data, software, and systems.

c. making sure potential users are who they claim to be.

Anaya owns a store that sells leather products made from mushroom caps. She cares for the environment and the welfare of the animals. To run her business successfully, she employs people who think outside the box and wish to protect animals from exploitation. This is an example of _____. a. concertive control b. bureaucratic control c. normative control d. objective control

c. normative control

A local plumbing company installed global positioning satellite (GPS) tracking devices in all its trucks to ensure that employees were going on service calls and not running personal errands. This is an example of _____. a. adaptive control b. concertive control c. objective control d. normative control

c. objective control

In the context of formal communication channels, _____ is used to encourage lower-level managers and employees to participate in organizational decision making. a. horizontal communication b. downward communication c. upward communication d. lateral communication

c. upward communication

A job candidate is rejected on the pretext that he is hearing impaired. Which of the following types of discrimination does this exemplify? a.Age discrimination b.Racial discrimination c.Disability discrimination d.Ethnicity discrimination

c.Disability discrimination

How does Fiedler's contingency theory differ from other situational theories? a.It states that leaders are capable of changing their leadership styles to fit the demands of different situations. b.It states that the effectiveness of leaders can only be judged by what they do and who they are. c.It assumes that leadership styles are consistent and difficult to change d.It assumes that effective leaders possess a similar set of traits or characteristics.

c.It assumes that leadership styles are consistent and difficult to change

Which of the following statements is true of resistance to change? a.Employees are more likely to resist change if they have to participate in planning and implementing the change process. b.It is used to manage innovation in more certain environments during periods of incremental change. c.It decreases when change efforts receive significant managerial support. d.Employees are more likely to resist change if they are asked to focus on short-term wins, rather than long-term goals.

c.It decreases when change efforts receive significant managerial support.

Which of the following best defines a SWOT analysis? a.Its aim is to review internal processes independently of the external industry environment. b.It is conducted by regulatory agencies to measure the performance of organizations. c.It involves assessment of the strengths and weaknesses in an organization's internal environment. d.It measures the tangible rather than the intangible assets of an organization.

c.It involves assessment of the strengths and weaknesses in an organization's internal environment.

Which of the following best defines a tariff? a.It is a specific limit on the volume of imported goods. b.It is a limit on the number of products exported to a particular country. c.It is a direct tax on imported goods. d.It is a complete ban on trade of a certain item.

c.It is a direct tax on imported goods.

Which of the following defines job posting? Select one: a.It is a purposeful, systematic process for collecting information on the important work-related aspects of a job. b.It is a written description of the basic tasks, duties, and responsibilities required of an employee holding a particular job. c.It is a procedure for advertising job openings within a company to existing employees. d.It is a planned sequence of jobs through which employees may advance within an organization.

c.It is a procedure for advertising job openings within a company to existing employees.

In the context of organizational authority, which of the following best defines staff authority? a.It is an activity that contributes directly to creating or selling a company's products. b.It is the right to command immediate subordinates in the chain of command. c.It is the right to advise but not command others who are not subordinates in the chain of command. d.It is an activity that does not contribute directly to creating or selling a company's products but instead supports line activities.

c.It is the right to advise but not command others who are not subordinates in the chain of command.

In the context of organizational authority,which of the following is an advantage of unity of command? a.It gives workers the authority and control to make meaningful decisions about their work. b.It encourages companies to have a co-CEO arrangement that can lead to an improvement in the performance of employees. c.It prevents the confusion that might arise when an employee receives conflicting commands from two different bosses. d.It overcomes the deficiencies in specialized work by increasing the number of tasks.

c.It prevents the confusion that might arise when an employee receives conflicting commands from two different bosses.

In the context of the BCG matrix, which of the following businesses would be classified as a star? a.RigsWheels, a tire manufacturer that has negligible market share in a slow-growing industry b.RainTech, an electronics company that is struggling for market share in a fast-growing industry c.HappyTot, a children's toy company that has been earning steady profits in a slow-growing industry d.PrimeSmart, a smartphone manufacturer that is the market leader in a rapidly growing industry

d.PrimeSmart, a smartphone manufacturer that is the market leader in a rapidly growing industry

disabilities have the same opportunities as everyone else? a.Employing people with disabilities only for jobs that do not require movement b.Recruiting disabled candidates at least for the entry-level jobs c.Refraining from assigning additional responsibilities to disabled employees d.Providing reasonable workplace accommodations for disabled employees

d.Providing reasonable workplace accommodations for disabled employees

_____ are defined as a cushion of extra resources that can be used with options-based planning to adapt to unanticipated changes, problems, or opportunities. a.Secondary firms b.Strategic groups c.Standing plans d.Slack resources

d.Slack resources

In the context of the chain of command in an organization, which of the following is a difference between line authority and staff authority? a.Line authority is the right to advise people who are not subordinates, whereas staff authority is the right to command people who are not subordinates. b.Line authority is the right to advise but not command immediate subordinates, whereas staff authority is the right to command immediate subordinates. c.Line authority is the right to command immediate subordinates, whereas staff authority is the right to advise but not command people who are not subordinates. d.Line authority is the right of top managers to advise first-line managers, whereas staff authority is the right of first-line managers to command middle managers.

c.Line authority is the right to command immediate subordinates, whereas staff authority is the right to advise but not command people who are not subordinates.

Which of the following exemplifies an intrinsic reward? a.Dorothy gets promoted at work. b.Samantha receives a cash reward for good job performance. c.Richard enjoys his job and sees it as a chance to learn something new. d.Rani receives an annual bonus.

c.Richard enjoys his job and sees it as a chance to learn something new.

_____ is the degree to which a company relies on a provider because of the importance of the provider's product to the company and the difficulty of finding other sources of that product. a.Internal dependence b.Buyer dependence c.Supplier dependence d.Regulator dependence

c.Supplier dependence

Which of the following is a decision-making method that can be used to create c-type conflict by assigning an individual or a subgroup the role of critic? a.Dialectical inquiry b.The Delphi technique c.The devil's advocacy approach d.The nominal group technique

c.The devil's advocacy approach

All the members of the sales team at Arkema are new hires. The team members need to work together to ensure that clients' requirements are fulfilled and weekly targets set by the company are adequately met. However, the team members are often involved in minor arguments and find it difficult to work with each other. In which of the following stages of team development is this team most likely to resolve petty differences among its members? Select one: a.The reforming stage b.The storming stage c.The norming stage d. the forming stage

c.The norming stage

Chester, the operations manager at a chemical manufacturing company, finds that the air pollutants released by the company have become very high. To arrive at a decision to resolve the issue, he defines the problem and then identifies decision criteria. In the context of rational decision making, which of the following is the next step that Chester should ideally take? a.Generating alternative courses of action b.Computing the optimal decision c.Weighing the decision criteria d.Making absolute comparisons

c.Weighing the decision criteria

Unlike a monarchy, the aim of bureaucracy is to: a.assign positions to leaders by virtue of birthright. b.promote individuals based on their personal or family connections. c.achieve an organization's goals in the most efficient way possible. d. protect the authority of royal leaders.

c.achieve an organization's goals in the most efficient way possible.

In the context of management functions, organizing is about: a.monitoring progress toward goal achievement. b.motivating workers to work hard. c.determining how things get done. d.determining organizational goals.

c.determining how things get done.

Autowizic Inc., an automobile manufacturing company, plans to move its operations to a different city by the end of the year. It sets a target of moving one department by the end of each month, so that all the departments can be moved within a year. In this scenario, Autowizic's plan of moving its operations to a different city by the end of the year is an example of a _____. a.foundational goal b.proximal goal c.distal goal d.provisional goal

c.distal goal

Traditional work groups are different from self-managing teams in that team members: a.manage and control all of the major tasks directly related to production. b.do not have the authority to change the design of their teams. c.do not have direct responsibility or control over their work. d.have the freedom to make suggestions to management.

c.do not have direct responsibility or control over their work.

A group of architects and builders is supposed to work together on a construction project. The team members are currently getting to know each other, setting up norms for the initial phase, and creating a temporary preliminary team structure. This group is in the _____ stage of team development. a.norming b.storming c.forming d.performing

c.forming

Elaine works as a history professor. The skills required for her job are limited and easy to acquire, and the job tends to get monotonous. She is unsatisfied with her job and often feels the need to switch jobs. In the context of job design, this scenario best illustrates _____. a.job rotation b.job enrichment c.job specialization d. job enlargement

c.job specialization

If companies focus too much on local adaptation, they run the risk of: a.failing to benefit from an active global strategy. b.using management procedures poorly suited to particular countries' markets, cultures, and employees. c.losing the cost effectiveness and productivity that result from using standardized rules and procedures throughout the world. d.losing control over the quality of the product or service sold by the foreign licensee.

c.losing the cost effectiveness and productivity that result from using standardized rules and procedures throughout the world.

Claire is 25 years old. She owns an editorial services firm. The average age of her employees is 30. Claire prefers to hire new graduates and train them instead of hiring experienced people. In the given scenario, the age discrimination that Claire displays could be because she believes that: a.older workers do not make use of health care benefits. b.older workers want more control over their movement in and out of the workplace. c.older workers are not interested in learning new things. d.older workers choose jobs only to achieve a sense of accomplishment.

c.older workers are not interested in learning new things.

All the members of the sales team in Orokem are friendly with each other and enjoy working together. The team members feel equally responsible for the successes and failures of the team. The members of Orokem's sales team are in the _____ ofteam development. a.forming stage b.norming stage c.performing stage d.storming stage

c.performing stage

The government of Diamza recently passed a law making it mandatory for any foreign company that wants to do business in its country to only use raw materials made in Diamza and only hire citizens. This is a type of _____ faced by companies that want to conduct business in Diamza. a.political uncertainty b.control uncertainty c.policy uncertainty d.cost uncertainty

c.policy uncertainty

Flywater Inc. is refusing to expand its global operations into North Marland due to the civil wars that frequently occur in the country. This threat of civil wars in the country is an example of _____. a.purchase uncertainty b.policy uncertainty c.political uncertainty d.pandemic uncertainty

c.political uncertainty

Jenna occasionally steals office supplies from her workplace when her workplace is empty. She was diagnosed with kleptomania and was fired from her last job when she was caught stealing. In the context of workplace deviance, this is an example of _____. a.production deviance b.political deviance c.property deviance d.personal aggression

c.property deviance

In the context of using groups to improve decision making, which of the following is a difference between c-type conflict and a-type conflict? a.Unlike a-type conflict, c-type conflict refers to the emotional reactions that can occur when disagreements become personal. b.Unlike c-type conflict statements, a-type conflict statements focus on issues and ideas. c.Unlike a-type conflict, c-type conflict undermines team effectiveness. d.Unlike c-type conflict, a-type conflict often results in anger and resentment.

d. Unlike c-type conflict, a-type conflict often results in anger and resentment.

The Hawthorne Studies showed that _____. a.workers' feelings and attitude do not affect their work b.financial incentives are the most important motivators of work c.the workplace is much simpler than previously thought d. work performance is affected by group dynamics

d. work performance is affected by group dynamics

Which of the followingis software that encrypts Internet data at both ends of the data transmission process? a. A decision support system b. Optical character recognition software c. An executive information system d. A virtual private network

d. A virtual private network

Which of the following exemplifies a political/legal trend in the general organizational environments? a.Recruitment of highly skilled nurses b.High attrition rate of medical staff c.Scarcity of medical equipment suppliers d. Regulations concerning the disposal of biological wastes

d. Regulations concerning the disposal of biological wastes

Aaron, the chief executive officer of Periwinkle Inc., often sits on the boards of other companies to share viewpoints on business operations. In this case, which of the following managerial roles does Aaron perform? a.The disturbance handler role b.The figurehead role c.The resource allocator role d.The liaison role

d. The liaison role

In the context of rational decision making, which of the following is a difference between absolute comparisons and relative comparisons? a.Unlike in absolute comparisons, in relative comparisons,each criterion is compared with a standard. b.Unlike in absolute comparisons, in relative comparisons,each criterion is assigned a fixed weight based on its relevance. c.Unlike in absolute comparisons, in relative comparisons,each criterion is ranked on its own merits. d.Unlike in absolute comparisons, in relative comparisons,each criterion is compared directly with every other criterion

d. Unlike in absolute comparisons, in relative comparisons,each criterion is compared directly with every other criterion

Matt goes to an Internet café and tries to access his emails. The email service provider asks Matt to enter his email address along with the password associated with it. By asking for the email address and the password, the email service provider is _____ Matt. a. decrypting b. acknowledging c. authorizing d. authenticating

d. authenticating

Baked Delights is a startup bakery. To set up its own business standards, it recently collected data on the quality and pricing of the products of Sweet Tooth, the largest and most popular bakery in the region. This is an example of _____. a. profiling b. suboptimization c. business regulation d. benchmarking

d. benchmarking

A decision support system (DSS): a. speeds up and simplifies the acquisition of information. b. is a hybrid of an executive information system and an intranet. c. helps replace managerial decision making in a company. d. is designed to help managers deal with specific kinds of problems.

d. is designed to help managers deal with specific kinds of problems.

Because of perceptual filters, _____. a. people are unlikely to incorporate new knowledge that is consistent with what they already know b. people organize and interpret what they pay attention to in the same manner c. the beliefs of people do not influence the meaning they attach to new information d. people attend to some stimuli and not others

d. people attend to some stimuli and not others

A _____ is a type of operational plan that saves managers' time because once the plan is created, it can be used repeatedly to handle frequently recurring events. a.tactical plan b.single-use plan c.budget plan d.standing plan

d. standing plan

Zeto Bank requires its customers to provide their customer identification number, their respective passwords, and a one-time password that is sent via SMS to their registered cell phone numbers to access the bank's online banking services. It is evident that Zeto Bank has adopted _____. a. three-step authentication b. two-factor authorization c. three-step authorization d. two-factor authentication

d. two-factor authentication

Which of the following is a similarity between political deviance and personal aggression? a.Both aim at damaging company property. b.Both address the issue of quality of work. c.Both involve the theft of company merchandise. d.Both involve harming coworkers.

d.Both involve harming coworkers.

Claire is a manager at an information technology (IT) firm. She notices a consistent drop in the productivity of her employees. She is not able to find the reason behind this drop. In the context of rational decision making, which of the following steps should Claire take first? a.Generating alternative courses of action b.Identifying decision criteria c.Computing the optimal decision d.Defining the problem

d.Defining the problem

According to the elements of bureaucratic organizations, which of the following should be a criterion for promoting employees? a.Physical appearance b.Political influence c.Relationship with the managers d.Experience or achievement

d.Experience or achievement

Ednus, a fashion magazine, plans to acquire Hazemens, a women's magazine. When Derick, the Chief Financial Officer (CFO) of Hazemens, visits Ednus's office to discuss the terms of the acquisition, Charlotte, the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Ednus, personally greets him upon his arrival. In the context of managerial roles, which of the following roles does Charlotte illustrate in this scenario? a.Disseminator role b.Leadership role c.Monitor role d.Figurehead role

d.Figurehead role

Which of the following is an advantage of geographic departmentalization? a.It lowers costs by reducing duplication. b.It eases the achievement of coordination among managers of different departments. c.It allows managers and workers to specialize in one area of expertise. d.It can reduce costs by locating unique organizational resources closer to customers.

d.It can reduce costs by locating unique organizational resources closer to customers.

In the context of job design, which of the following is true of job specialization? a.It occurs when the number of different tasks that a worker performs within one particular job is increased. b.It involves giving workers the authority and control to make meaningful decisions about their work. c.It is an approach to job redesign that seeks to formulate jobs in ways that motivate workers and lead to positive work outcomes. d.It occurs when a job is composed of a small part of a larger task or process.

d.It occurs when a job is composed of a small part of a larger task or process.

Which of the following is a trait difference between leaders and nonleaders? a.Leaders are more concerned with means, while nonleaders are concerned more with ends. b.Leaders focus on productivity, while nonleaders focus on vision and goals. c.Leaders are more extroverted than nonleaders. d.Leaders display more honesty and integrity than nonleaders

d.Leaders display more honesty and integrity than nonleaders

In the context of the planning process, which of the following is most likely to be useful when conceived goals turn out not to be a.Developing commitment to goals b.Developing long-term action plans c.Tracking progress toward goal achievement d.Maintaining flexibility when making plans

d.Maintaining flexibility when making plans

In the context of the skills that good managers should possess, which of the following statements is true of managers with a motivation to manage? a.Managers at lower levels usually have a stronger motivation to manage than managers at higher levels. b.Managers with a strong motivation to manage are unable to behave assertively toward others. c.Managers with a strong motivation refrain from participating in competitive situations. d.Mangers with a strong motivation to manageare rated as better managers by their employees

d.Mangers with a strong motivation to manageare rated as better managers by their employees.

Flagon Inc., a bottle manufacturing company, pays its employees 50 cents for every bottle that is produced in addition to the production rate of 200 bottles per day. Which of the following compensation systems has Flagon adopted? a.Stock options b.Commission c.Profit sharing d.Piecework

d.Piecework

In the context of managing innovation, identify a difference between the experiential approach and the compression approach. a.The experiential approach is used during periods of incremental change, whereas the compression approach is used during periods of discontinuous change. b.The goal of the experiential approach is incremental improvements in the performance and function of the existing dominant design, whereas the goal of the compression approach is the establishment of a new dominant design. c.The experiential approach is used to manage innovation in highly certain environments, whereas the compression approach is used to manage innovation in highly uncertain environments. d.The general strategy in the experiential approach is to build something new, different, and substantially better, whereas the general strategy in the compression approach is to reduce the time and steps to make small, consistent improvements in performance and functionality.

d.The general strategy in the experiential approach is to build something new, different, and substantially better, whereas the general strategy in the compression approach is to reduce the time and steps to make small, consistent improvements in performance and functionality.

Which of the following is true of managers? a.They see themselves as promoters of change and challengers of the status quo. b.They are critical to inspiring employees and setting long-term goals. c.They focus on vision, mission, goals, and objectives. d.They are concerned with control and limiting the choices of others.

d.They are concerned with control and limiting the choices of others.

A(n) _____ is an exception in employment law that permits sex, age, religion, and the like to be used when making employment decisions, but only if they are "reasonably necessary to the normal operation of that particular business." a.registered employment agreement b.critical skills employment permit c.employment regulation order d.bona fide occupational qualification

d.bona fide occupational qualification

Darlene Jespersen used to work in a sports bar. Despite being nominated by her manager for a promotion for her outstanding performance, the nomination was rejected; and a male coworker was awarded the promotion. Subsequently, Darlene's manager informed her that she was not promoted because the post requires working extra hours, and the management considered that to be a difficult task for a female employee. This is an example of _____. a.minority domination b.adverse impact c.affirmative action d.disparate treatment

d.disparate treatment

According to the normative decision theory,leaders who share problems with their subordinates and then have them make decisions use a _____ style. a.repressive decision b.autocratic decision c.consultative decision d.group decision

d.group decision

Asterisk Inc. decided to change some of its policies. Jensen, a team manager, conducted a meeting to inform his team about the management's decision. During the meeting, the majority of Jensen's team members were in favor of the policies except Sandy. As a result, Sandy decided not to voice her concerns about the policy changes fearing negative consequences. This scenario illustrates the concept of _____. a.conservative bias b.reverse psychology c.synergy d.groupthink

d.groupthink

In the context of maintaining flexibility while planning, unlike traditional planning, options-based planning: a.involves making large investments in many alternative plans over a long period of time. b.involves committing people and resources to a particular course of action. c.reduces flexibility. d.involves maintaining slack resources.

d.involves maintaining slack resources.

A competitive advantage becomes a sustainable competitive advantage when: a.a company collaborates with its competitors to obtain a larger market share. b.a company uses a competitive move designed to reduce a rival's market share or profits. c.market commonality is large, and companies have overlapping products or services. d.other companies cannot duplicate the value a firm is providing to customers

d.other companies cannot duplicate the value a firm is providing to customers

According to path-goal theory, the subordinate contingency of _____refers to how capable subordinates believe they are in doing their jobs well. a.task structure b.locus of control c.position power d.perceived ability

d.perceived ability

Benjamin steals lunch from his coworkers and shouts and throws tantrums when confronted about this. In the context of workplace deviance, this is an example of _____. a.property deviance b.production deviance c.political deviance d.personal aggression

d.personal aggression

Aisletton, an electronic gadgets manufacturer, organizes its workforce into various departments based on the service the department provides. These departments include cell phones, gaming consoles, television sets, cameras, and watches. In this scenario, Aisletton most likely follows _____. a.geographic departmentalization b.functional departmentalization c.customer departmentalization d.product departmentalization

d.product departmentalization

Cassie runs a cake shop. Her primary goal is to set up the largest chain of cake shops in the city. Apart from this goal, another goal of Cassie's is to sell 400 cakes in December. In this scenario, Cassie's goal of selling 400 cakes in December is an example of a _____. a.distal goal b.capstone goal c.passive goal d.proximal goal

d.proximal goal

If managed properly, the shift from surface- to deep-level diversity can accomplish two things: a.openness to experience and the glass ceiling effect. b.social integration and an ethnocentric work environment. c.gender-based discretion and openness to experience. d.reduction in prejudice and social integration

d.reduction in prejudice and social integration

When workers deliberately slow their pace or restrict their work output, it is known as _____. a.accommodation b.policing c.whistle-blowing d.soldiering

d.soldiering

An organization's _____ is defined as a more specific goal than the organization's purpose that unifies company-wide efforts, stretches and challenges the organization, and possesses a finish line and a time frame. a.vision statement b.mission statement c.single-use plan d.strategic objective

d.strategic objective

Benjamin saw one of his colleagues stealing office supplies while all the other employees had gone for lunch. He immediately reported the incident to his supervisor. Benjamin's action is an example of _____. a. property deviance b.brainstorming c.personal aggression d.whistle-blowing

d.whistle-blowing

For a code of ethics to encourage ethical decision making and behavior in a company, _____. a. the management must develop practical ethical standards and procedures specific to the company's line of business b.the management must ensure that the code does not include customers' and shareholders' interests c.it must be communicated only inside the company d.it should revolve around legal factors and not organizational goals and mission

the management must develop practical ethical standards and procedures specific to the company's line of business

_____ is defined as a regulatory process of establishing standards to achieve organizational goals, comparing actual performance to the standards, and taking corrective action when necessary to restore performance to those standards. a. Control b. Planning c. Organizing d. Coordination

a. Control

Maureen, the owner of a boutique, studies the spending pattern and consumer behavior of the people in the area in which her store is located. She estimates the likely variations in demand and pricing and also keeps track of her competitors' sales. Which of the following concepts does this scenario best illustrate? a. Environmental scanning b.Media advocacy c.Transfer pricing d.Punctuated equilibrium

a. Environmental scanning

Identify a difference between feedforward control and feedback control? a. Feedforward control monitors inputs, while feedback control monitors outputs. b. Feedforward control is a bottom-up process, while feedback control is a top-down process. c. Unlike feedforward control, feedback control attempts to eliminate the delay between performance and feedback about the performance. d. Unlike feedforward control, feedback control involves gathering information about performance deficiencies before they occur.

a. Feedforward control monitors inputs, while feedback control monitors outputs.

Identify a difference between ISO 9000 and ISO 27000. a. ISO 9000 is a set of standards for achieving consistency in quality management and quality assurance in companies throughout the world, whereas ISO 27000 is a set of standards for managing and monitoring security techniques for information technology. b. The ISO 9000 standards publications are specific and can only be used to make certain types of products, whereas the ISO 27000 are general standards and can be used for manufacturing any kind of product or delivering any kind of service. c. ISO 9000 is a series of twelve international standards, whereas ISO 27000 is a series of five international standards. d. ISO 9000 certification covers more than 50 percent of the requirements for the Baldrige Award, whereas ISO 27000 certification covers less than 10 percent of the requirements for the Baldrige Award.

a. ISO 9000 is a set of standards for achieving consistency in quality management and quality assurance in companies throughout the world, whereas ISO 27000 is a set of standards for managing and monitoring security techniques for information technology.

Which of the following statements defines storage cost? a. It is the cost of physically or electronically archiving information for later use. b. It is the cost of transmitting information from one place to another. c. It is the cost of obtaining data that an organization does not have. d. It is the cost of transforming raw data into meaningful information.

a. It is the cost of physically or electronically archiving information for later use.

Amanda, the sales manager at an e-commerce fashion site, decides the annual, monthly, and weekly targets of all the salespersons in the company. She sets these targets in such a way that the salespersons work toward achieving the organizational goals. In this scenario, which of the following management functions does Amanda perform? a.Planning b.Controlling c.Leading d.Organizing

a. Planning

Which of the following is true of business confidence indices? Select one: a. They show how sure actual managers are about future business growth. b. They indicate how businesses have been performing over the previous years. c. They indicate general economic statistics over the previous years. d. They show how confident customers are about the companies they do business with.

a. They show how sure actual managers are about future business growth.