BLET Exam Part 2
What is centrifugal force?
Force that tends to push a moving object out of a curve
T/F. Domestic Violence Orders and No Contact Orders require the plaintiff to pay the process fee.
False - NO FEES FOR ANY DOMESTIC VIOLENCE ORDERS OR NO CONTACT ORDERS.
In protests, what are tactics employed by rioters?
False calls to fire dept. False calls of officer in trouble. Interfering with officer in line of duty. Use of walkie talkie. Etc... page 21
What can a rumor during a protest cause?
False statements based on distortion of an original accurate statement.
T/F. In regards to traffic techniques, a person may be arrested for an infraction.
False.
T/f. Gang activity will go away.
False. It can be kept to a minimum with good intelligence gathering.
T/F: Duties associated with court bailiffs fall to members of the local police department.
False. It falls to the sheriff's office.
True or False. The permit system is not local ordinance provision and is state law.
False. It is a local ordinance.
True or false. A rapid reaction to an officer response by a crowd is known as a "random" riot.
False. It's known as a spontaneous riot.
True of False. Supervisors should always attempt to disperse a large crowd with a small number of officers.
False. Never!
T/F: The defendants should be paraded through or among the prospective jurors in the hall while handcuffed or manacled.
False. they should not.
Stress symptoms for law enforcement regarding suicide
Fatigue (rotating shifts) Alcohol and drug use
What are Physiological factors when driving?
Fatigue, tiredness, drug consumption, distractions
What is meant by fear and revenge of a motivating informant factor?
Fear - going to prison after being arrested, they will give info. Revenge - different drug groups do this, will tell secrets.
in regards to crowds, what is Irrationality
Fear, panic, and frustration, which can result in violent behavior
Who has authority to intervene in a suspected or confirmed WMD incident?
Federal Gov't
in regards to crowds, what is Anonymity
Feelings of being lost in the crowd and cannot be identified. Therefore, they lose responsibility for their actions
What are 5 physical evidences in roadway crashes?
Final resting positions of bodies and vehicles, tire marks, gouge marks, debris and damage to roadside objects, always field sketch
what must field sketches include? (crash investigation)
Final uncontrolled resting positions of the vehicles. Area of impact. Any evidence located at the scene such as skid marks, bodies, debris, fluid, and any other objects damaged during the crash. Once evidence items have been located and photographed, officers may mark the location of such items. Reference points (tangible and intangible)
What are some types of incidents that can create hazards?
Fires Leaks and spills Gas releases - if gas stored
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) System
Fixed marking system, diamond shape
tangible objects + examples (crash investigation)
Fixed objects or landmarks already at the scene that cannot be easily moved. Ex. Fire hydrants, utility poles, bridges, buildings, manhole covers.
Which mob includes groups of strangers who organize themselves to gather together in a public place. It's a certain amount of time, and they quickly disperse.
Flash mob
Which of the following terms is "The minimum temperature at which a liquid or volatile solid gives off sufficient vapors to form an ignitable mixture with air near its surface."? A. Fire point B. Flash point C. Vapor point D. Pressure point
Flash point
If there is a wet chemical? What do you do?
Flush it off, wash it off. 10-15 minutes
Cognitive-behavioral therapies
Focus on the individual learning new ways of thinking, behaving, and coping with their problems
mobile surveillance definition in controlled substance
Following subject on foot or in car.
Psychological factors that affect the officer DURING emergency response driving include:
Risk management Aggressiveness Assertiveness Confidence Attitudes and values Emotions Patience Stress
Method for triaging?
Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment (START)
What do wing officers do?
They are on the left and right side of the point, they protect the point when passing opened/closed doors or unsecured areas. They handle any suspect contact using two person cover. Two person cover is only done with wing officers, they need to move up if the point officer encounters the suspect.
Reposession
Taking away property due to failure to make loan or credit payments
Exclusion of Witnesses in the courtroom
Taking out witnesses except the one testifying because their testimony may affect the other witnesses who testify.
What should you tell the dispatch when making a call in a pursuit?
Tell dispatch who you are The emergency Location and direction
What are some Do's for crowd management enforcement?
Tell the supervisor if you know someone involved. Supervise and pass on information. Try to tape all discussions. ABC laws. Public should be kept at a safe distance from the area of dispute. Be aware of agitators. Keep traffic moving.
International Terrorism
Terrorism that is carried out by people in a country other than their own; also known as cross-border terrorism.
What is key to remember regarding what counts as human trafficking?
That an individual need not be beaten or restrained physically to be a victim; the use of force, fraud, or coercion fulfills the elements of a human trafficking crime.
What does "all responses" refer to in human trafficking situations?
That not only the traffickers but those who seek to purchase the services of trafficking victims must be held accountable.
What does US DOT 49 CFR do in regards to regulating hazardous materials?
The Department of transportation regulates hazardous materials by air, highway, rail, and water.
True or False: Individuals with multiple disorders are in more frequent contact with the criminal justice system and are higher risk of suicde.
True
True or false, are children less likely to commit suicide?
True
T/F. In regards to traffic techniques, "with no opinion, the instrument used for speed is not admitted to court."
True.
Uncontrolled substances
These medications require monitoring by a provider, but do not pose a risk of abuse and/or addiction.
Non-immigrant aliens (NIA)
These persons are admitted on a temporary term basis, which varies among numerous non-immigrant visa types. These persons will have a passport with a visa. The visa will be a valid arrival/departure I-94 (white) or I-94W (green) record form.
Lawfully admitted permanent resident aliens (LAPRS)
These persons are legal residents of the United States, also known as immigrants. They are commonly referred to as 'green card holders.'
In crowd management, what is an Idealistic protest?
These usually involve fanatically dedicated participants, usually young males who are not deterred by the threat of arrest or use of force.
In regards to substances, what are stimulants?
They affect the CNS as well, but create a feeling of excitement, energy, alertness. high blood pressure, high blood rate, and rapid breathing. powders and pills
In relation to drugs, when can you conduct a Search of a person? Are you allowed to search body cavities?
They are arrested. You can NOT search body cavities.
Narcotics
affect CNS used in practice of medicine - physically and psychologically addictive. Relieve pain and usually are pills.
Courtroom searches are normally conducted before the opening of court, after the lunch break (if the courtroom is not locked), or ________.
after court has been recessed for the day.
Where should most drugs be sent in? What if they are plant material?
plastic and paper for plants.
In patrol, what is the PLS?
point last scene
Hash
potent use of cannabis made from compressing the cannabis
systolic blood pressure (top)
pressure created in arteries by blood being forced out into circulation.
diastolic blood pressure (bottom)
pressure in arteries when the heart is relaxed and refilling.
Define the term crowd
several persons temporarily congregated in an area.
What are the 4 steps of the summary ejectment?
sheriff deputy needs to: 1. mail copy. no later than 1 business day 2. telephone tenant within 5 days 3. make a visit to the home - 2 days before hearing 4. post a copy
Hepatitis C (HCV)
The most widespread chronic blood-bourne illness in the US.
5 chains/links of CPR
1. immediate recognition, emergency response team. 2. CPR (high quality) 3. AED 4. Response, life support 5. Post cardiac arrest
Reporting + time (First responder)
911 call to dispatch (5 min)
When can officers provide First Aid?
When: 1. There is a reasonable expectation of prompt decisions and actions in medical care, AND 2. The necessity of immediate medical care, or the delay of rendering medical care, would seriously worsen the physical condition or endanger the life of the person.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) + symptoms
a) Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), a condition in which the body is unable to defend itself against infections and mutated cells. b) Symptoms Night sweats Fever Chills Fatigue Swollen lymph nodes Sore throat Mouth ulcers
Wanton Conduct
acting consciously in disregard of or acting with a reckless indifference to the consequences, when the Defendant is aware of her conduct and is also aware, from her knowledge of existing circumstances and conditions, that her conduct would probably result in injury.
adult chocking technique
arms around waist or chest
Direct Pressure Techniques When Wound is Severe?
don't waste time, place the gloved hand on the wound and apply pressure. Hold until bleeding is controlled, then bandage.
What is the #1 way to prevent disease?
handwashing
What type of risk is being struck with a needle?
indirect
contact transmission
indirect or direct
work practice controls do what?
make the administrative and engineering controls effective. Also involve the use of personal protective equipment.
What does HIPA protect?
medical records.
Is there a vaccine for HCV?
nope
Dispatch + time (First responder)
notifies emergency personnel (2 min)
Administrative controls include
providing vaccinations, preventive procedures, and training programs.
Occupational exposure
reasonably anticipated skin, eye, mucous membrane, or parenteral contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials that may result from the performance of a worker's duties
What do standard precautions reduce risk from?
reduce risk from recognized and unrecognized sources of infections.
How is HIV transmitted?
sexual contact, sharing drug needles, and during pregnancy, birth, or breastfeeding.
OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration)
to protect employees from becoming infected due to injuries with contaminated needles and other contaminated sharps.
indirect contact transmission
transferred to a susceptible individual when the individual makes physical contact with contaminated items and surfaces (e.g., door knobs).
If pulse is below 60 or there is no pulse, what do you do?
CPR
3 types of controls
Engineering, Admin, and work practice
Who are emergency personnel?
Firefighters, EMS, officers
GS 90-21.14
First aid or emergency treatment; liability limitation.
Do officers have permission to practice medicine?
No
Do you remove a torniquet after applied?
No
Is sweat a standard precaution?
No, regardless if they contain blood or not.
Do you ever remove a dressing during direct pressure?
No. Apply more if the first one becomes too soaked.
Actual Consent
Officers should first seek conscious and unpaired consent before providing medical assistance.
OPIM
Other potentially infectious materials
torniquet
a device used to cut off all blood supply past the point of application
gross negligence
an action committed with extreme reckless disregard for the property or life of another person
29 CFR 1910.1030
bloodborne pathogens
airborne transmission
occurs through very small particles or droplets that contain infectious agents and can remain suspended in the air for extended periods.When inhaled by a susceptible individual, transmission can cause infection.
Engineering controls include
physical barriers to exposure, such as sharp-safe evidence containers and biohazard labels, as well as hand and eye washing stations.
What is the most important consideration of an abrasion?
prevent infection
What are CPR priorities?
rapid defibrillation and CPR
What does care under fire mean?
rendering care while the officer and/or injured individual are still under hostile fire
29 CFR 1910.1030 establishes
rules for employer that has employees at risk for blood or infectious materials
EMS Response + time (First responder)
specially trained in emergency medical skills and usually, arrive in some type of medical vehicle. (same with first response)
intentional wrongdoing
the deliberate planning and execution of some behavior one knows or should know to be wrong
direct contact transmission
the transfer of infectious agents to a susceptible individual through physical contact with an infected individual (e.g., direct skin-to-skin contact).
Infant CPR
-1 1/2 - 4 cm deep -100 compressions/minute -30 compressions & 2 breaths (one-rescuer) -15 chest compressions & 2 breaths (2-rescuer). -one person use two fingers, 2 people use thumbs circling
What applies to Standard precautions?
-Blood, all body fluids, secretions and excretions
Hepatitis B (HBV) + symptoms
-Causes swelling in the liver. -Contacts with infected blood or other potentially infectious materials. *Symptoms a) Jaundice b) Fatigue c) Mild fever d) Nausea/vomiting/diarrhea e) Abdominal and/or joint pain
Laceration
-Cut or tear of the skin. --Can occur with other injuries like fractures. --Blunt force trauma often causes this. --Varies significantly.
Implied consent
-If an individual is unconscious or impaired the officer should provide medical care with presumed consent. --Officers or other first responders can also ask the next of kin for consent.
what are some indirect risks of exposure to bloodborne pathogens for officers?
-Processing evidence -Contact with contaminated surfaces -Being struck with needle
what are some direct risks of exposure to bloodborne pathogens for officers?
-Providing EMS/ first aid -Processing crime scene
Mask techniques for CPR
-pause every second -watch chest rise -give 2 breaths -head/chin tilt
arterial bleeding
1. Blood flows from the wound in spurts and is bright red. 2. Not apt to clot unless a small artery is involved. 3. If an artery is only partially severed, it is likely to bleed more than one which is completely severed. 4. The reason being that when an artery is completely severed, the elasticity of the walls causes the ends to draw together, making a smaller opening. --bleeding from arteries
Examples of bloodborne pathogens
-Hepatitis B virus (HBV) -Human immune deficiency virus (HIV) -Hepatitis C (HCV)
Abrasion
-The outermost layer of skin is scraped off. -Painful and usually appear to ooze blood. -Important consideration for treating an abrasion is to prevent infection
Adult CPR- depth
1 1/2 to 2in
What time frame must you apply a torniquet?
1 minute
Age for child is what?
1 to puberty
Breathing mask bag techiniques
1. E/C clamp 2. 30 compressions 3. 2 breaths, each second (chest rise) 4. rescuer 2 @ head, rescuer 1 @ side
When to use torniquet?
1. Life-threatening extremity hemorrhage injury. 3. Direct pressure or a pressure dressing cannot be applied. 3. Tourniquet may be applied immediately without first attempting direct pressure in incidents such as extremity amputations, near amputation, etc.
controlling external bleeding
1. direct pressure 2. torniquet
Team work for CPR
1. know limitations 2. clear roles/responsibilites
AED steps
1. turn it on; (remove clothing and other obstructions); 2. place pads; 3. prompt/change - clear before shock, if no shock, give compressions
venous bleeding
1. Blood flow is steady and dark red, easier to control than arterial. 2. Air can be sucked into the open vein, causing air embolism, which can travel to heart and be fatal. 3. Danger is greater when larger veins or neck veins are involved. --bleeding from veins
Adult CPR- compressions are how long?
100-120 BPM
Child CPR
2 inches deep, 100 compressions/minute, 30 compressions & 2 breaths (one-rescuer), 15 chest compressions & 2 breaths (2-rescuer).
Where do you apply a tourniquet?
2-3 inches above the wound, make it tight AS POSSIBLE.
Adult CPR- compressions to breaths
30:2
infant choking technique
5 back blows and 5 chest thrusts
Every ___ seconds, death by cardiac arrest occurs.
90
Types of bleeding
Arterial Venous Capillary (Abrasion) (Laceration)
First Response + time (First responder)
First on scene, time varies. (30 min with EMS)
What is the greatest disease at risk to law enforcement?
HBV
HIPA
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
What is the #1 cause of death with 17 million deaths per year?
Heart disease
If an officer exceeds their scope of medical treatment, what is the charge?
Misdemeanor with a potential of civil or criminal charges.
Abandonment-- what is the protocol for officers?
Officers should not leave the injured individual until relieved by someone with equal or greater training.
Hospital Care + time (First responder)
Patients arrive at a medical facility (45 min)
What must a plaintiff prove?
Plaintiff must prove gross negligence, wanton conduct, or intentional wrongdoing.
Good Samaritan Law
Provides limited protection to someone who voluntarily chooses to provide first aid
Components of the EMS System
Reporting Dispatch First Response EMS Response Hospital Care
Hemotoma
Blood or bleeding under the skin due to trauma of any kind; BRUISE
What is the DECIDE model? (in hazardous situations)
DETECT the presence of hazardous materials ESTIMATE likely harm without intervention CHOOSE response objectives IDENTIFY action options DO the best option EVALUATE progress
what do you NOT do when examining the scalp and skull?
DO NOT MOVE HEAD/ DO NOT MOVE HAIR IF MATTED WITH BLOOD
The following information is essential for an effective WMD response:
Date and time of notification Who received the notification Who provided the notification Detailed location information Type of incident (explosion, incendiary incident, suspected chemical or biological incident, etc.) Weather information (wind speed, direction, temperature, humidity, precipitation, short range forecast, etc.) Victim information (number of victims, number of potential victims, nature of injuries, etc.) Evacuation status (has the facility been evacuated, location of evacuees relative to the threat, etc.) Vulnerable locations (child care centers, nursing homes, hospitals, etc., in the vicinity)
T/f. Gang activity in NC has decreased.
False
Do you use the same radio communications as a contact team?
No
For traffic stops, in regards to inventory searches, do you need probable cause or reasonable suspicion?
No
Is taking an individual to jail a law enforcement judgement in regards to mental illness situations?
No
Is the best/fastest route when transporting the inmate always the safest?
No
Should officers pass to the right when the emergency warning devices on the law enforcement vehicle are in operation?
No
are offenders of solicitation given prayer for judgement?
No
are you arrested on a criminal summons?
No
N.C.G.S. 44A-12.1(c).
No docketing of lien unless authorized by statute
122C
No individual shall be involuntarily committed to a 24-hour facility unless he/she is mentally ill or a substance abuser, and deemed to be a danger to themselves or others.
List steps to investigate - Vehicular assaults
No longer a crash, it's a assault with deadly weapon or attempted murder. No DMV 349 form, file charges.
in regards to traffic techniques, when conducting an unknown risk stop - what are disadvantages of approaching from the driver side?
No surprise. Occupants expect to be approached by this method. Escape route is limited. Officer is exposed to traffic. Violator has a shooting position. View of the driver side is limited - near the door and center console.
In regards to searching someone who is asked if they have (drug paraphernalia) needles, when they warn you, can you charge them?
No, but you can charge them for other drug paraphernalia
Do ORM require placarding?
No, however, DOT specifies shipping and packaging containers for these materials.
Should all entrances of the courthouse be open?
No, only one
Do all head injuries have fluid?
No, some may just have blood from ear or nose.
In traffic stops, if you quick check a box 1-15 on a citation form, can you write in your own citation in box 16?
No.
Local resources for human trafficking:
North Carolina Coalition Against Human Trafficking (NCCAHT)
Crimes, such as toxic spills, waste spillages, etc., should be reported to the _____.
North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ).
Who escorts oversized and certain radiological and other highly secure material?
North Carolina Highway Patrol
North Carolina Controlled Substance Schedule 6 - list examples too
Not accepted for medical use Relatively low potential for abuse and potential to produce psychic or physical dependence. Ex: marijuana and tetrahydrocannabinol
Statement 1 for foreign nationals
Not on mandatory notification countries, give option to call consulate.
In conducting vehicles searches for bomb threats what should the officer do?
Nothing! Create perimeter Call bomb squad
What are the 2 purposes of a claim and delivery remedy?
Notice of hearing & Order of seizure
Paper Terrorism
Nuisance property liens, frivolous lawsuits, and false income reports filed by sovereign citizens often to retaliate against government officials
In regards to traffic stops, what is the scope of the search of vehicles?
ONLY the compartment area of the vehicle can be searched, not the trunk
Hyperthermia (heat stroke)
Sweating has diminished because of dehydration. Can die.
If someone is bleeding internally or is bleeding profusely from a major cut or trauma they can experience what kind of shock?
Hemorrhagic shock
In protests, what can masks and costumes be used for?
Symbolism and anonymity. (unknown)
verbal and non verbal indicators of depression
Verbal (slow speech) Non verbal (lack of energy)
verbal and non verbal indicators of Psychosis
Verbal indicators (disorganized speech) Non verbal indicators (hallucinations)
What are some ways to to disperse a crowd as soon as possible to reduce the influences of the crowd?
Verbalizing diplomacy and tact. Seek cooperation and explain what actions may be used to disperse. Allow a reasonable time for the crowd to disperse. "Save-face;" pushing the crowd may lead to a confrontation. Control the number of officers on the scene. Forcible dispersal actions may be needed.
When is deadly force allowed during an active shooter response?
When officers encounter the shooter actively shooting
What is the Surround and contain (most crises) mindset in an active shooter situation??
When officers respond to a call such as a bank robbery but the the suspect may quite possibly shoot at innocent people in an attempt to escape the scene. If we surround and contain an ongoing murderer and homicide scene, we allow the suspect to accomplish his intended goals.
arrested informant?
cooperate in attempt to escape prosecution when charged.
In a civil process suit, who is served in a unit of local government in a county?
county manager
attachment remedy
court order seizing specific property.
What is a foreman?
spokesperson of a jury
You should be far enough away from the scene with hazardous materials to cover it with your _______!
thumb
What are driving maneauvers?
-backing -parking -turnabouts -turns -lane change -distracted driving -off road recovery -speed control -passing
in regards to inhalants, what are nitrates?
- household products or can be prescribed for use in treating ailments such as chest pain -liquids like leather cleaner / room odorizer
in superior court, what is the fee?
200 dollars
What are some trends of drugs today?
2016 - opioids Controlled prescription drug (CPD) increased Heroin deaths tripled in 2010/14
Distracted driving accounts for what percent of crashes?
21%
In regards to patrol techniques, in observations, how many pictures per second does a person see?
30-40
In traffic stops, with known risk, how far back should your car be?
30-40 feet
In the cycle of abuse what is the withdrawal?
30-90 days no symptoms of distress.
Mission of ERO
"To identify, arrest, and remove aliens who present a danger to national security or are a risk to public safety, as well as those who enter the United States illegally......"
What are the 3 types of bleeding
-artery (spurting) -veins -capillary (oozing)
Define the term riot
"a public disturbance involving an assemblage of three or more persons which by disorderly and violent conduct, or imminent threat of disorderly and violent conduct, results in injury or damage to persons or property or creates a clear and present danger of injury or damage to persons or property."
The most common post-judgment remedy is called what?
"execution."
Left Wing Terrorism
"generally profess a revolutionary socialist doctrine and view themselves as protectors of the people against the 'dehumanizing effects' of capitalism and imperialism."
In building searches, when holding a gun, they should be carried at a what position?
"low-level ready" or "third eye" away from the other officers.
Routes of entry: hazardous situations
"pathways by which hazardous materials get into (or affect) the human body."
Pre-Trial Motions
"A motion to suppress is the exclusive way to seek the exclusion of illegally obtained evidence."
In regards to traffic techniques, what is effective selective traffic enforcement?
"An effective selective traffic enforcement program [STEP] manages vehicular and pedestrian traffic.
Emergency response definition is
"Emergency response driving is essentially the type of driving necessary to respond to a life-threatening situation, the type of situation where the swiftness of the law enforcement officer's response can actually diminish or eliminate the ongoing threat to someone's life."
North Carolina Coalition Against Human Trafficking (NCCAHT)
"Empowering communities to fight human trafficking through leadership and training" . -Educates law enforcement, social service agencies, legal service providers, and public health organizations.
Which meth production method is easiest, and fastest which yields meth in plastic soda bottle?
"One pot" or "shake and bake" method
In regards to traffic techniques, what is selective traffic enforcement?
"Selective traffic enforcement is a problem solving strategy to aid in the protection of life and property through the reduction of traffic collisions."
Acute exposure: hazardous situations
"Single exposure (dose) or several repeated exposures to a substance within a short time period." Ex. liquid spilled on face then washed off
What are airway injuries deferred as?
"Tactical field care in the warm zone."
Specific gravity:
"The ratio of the density (heaviness) of a material to the density of some standard material at standard conditions of pressure and temperature."
terrorism
"The unlawful use, or threatened use, of force or violence against individuals or property to coerce and intimidate governments or societies often to achieve political, religious, or ideological objectives."
Vapor Density
"The weight of a given volume of pure vapor or gas compared to the weight of an equal volume of dry air at the same temperature and pressure. A vapor density less than 1 indicates a vapor lighter than air, while a vapor density greater than 1 indicates a vapor heavier than air."
Webster "terrorism"
"the systematic use of terror especially as means of coercion"
What is kenetic energy?
"to move", the amount of this energy will determine how the vehicle maneuvers.
The district attorney has the sole responsibility to decide ___________. The judge or the jury has the sole responsibility for __________.
"which cases to try and which cases to plea-bargain" "determining the guilt or innocence of the accused"
What does commerce mean?
'commerce' includes all business activities, however denominated, but does not include professional services rendered by a member of a learned profession.
In an established gang, what are types of crimes that can be linked to drug trade?
(1) Drive-by shootings (2) Home invasions (3) Fire bombings (4) Crimes against police officers
What are the three methods for applying leg restraints?
(1) Require the inmate to sit down and hold his legs out fully extended while leg restraints are being applied (2) Require the inmate to kneel on the floor or in a chair as officer applies leg restraints (3) Have the inmate lie on the floor face down as the officer applies leg restraints
Subpoena - form type - what are the 2 types?
(AOC-G-100) orders someone to appear in court for (1) to testify or (2) produce evidence
Juvenile Summons when Child is the Victim - form type? - who is involved? - days to be served?
(AOC-J-142) Orders the alleged abuser or parent to appear at a hearing to determine if the juvenile is abused or neglected. Orders parent to appear to determine if parent should receive counseling, treatment, or should have an attorney appointed to represent them in the custody proceeding. 5 days
Summons in proceeding to terminate parental rights - form type? - who is involved? - how many days to file an answer?
(AOC-J-208) Deals with rights of parents to a child. Parent (respondent) must file an answer in 30 days to the petitioner (child).
Juvenile Summons when Child is the Suspect - form type? - who is involved? - days to be served?
(AOC-J-340) Orders the juvenile to appear at a hearing to determine if delinquent or undisciplined. Orders Parent to appear to determine if they are required to pay for the juvenile's appointed attorney. 5 days
WMD is.....
(Weapons of Mass Destruction) nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons intended to kill or harm on a large scale
'Lock-up' brakes
(a) Front wheel lock-up causes reduced braking and loss of steering. (b) Rear wheel lock-up causes reduced braking and vehicle rotation. (c) All wheel lock-up causes reduced braking and results in loss of control.
In diabetic emergencies, what should you ask the victim?
(a) Have you eaten today? (b) Have you taken your insulin today?
minor burn
(a) Remove smoldering clothes or jewelry. (b) flush 2 to 5 minutes. (c) Cover the burn loosely with a dry, sterile dressing or clean sheet.
plea bargaining
(criminal law) a negotiation in which the defendant agrees to enter a plea of guilty to a lesser charge and the prosecutor agrees to drop a more serious charge
Civil Summons - name the form - what type of court - what does the defendant have to file? How many days do they have? - examples
- (AOC-CV-100) - District/superior court - files a written "answer" with the Clerk of Superior Court within 30 days. - Breach of contract, personal injury, automobile negligence cases, family law, child support, etc.
Magistrates Summons - name the form - what type of court - amount of $ - examples - days to be served
- (AOC-CVM-100) - small court - cases of $10000 or less - seeking money, personal property recovery - 5 days, atleast 2 days before hearing
Special Proceedings Summons - name the form - who conducts this? - examples
- (AOC-SP-100) - Clerk of court - Adoptions, name changes, foreclosure, etc.
How many hazardous incidents reported from 2009-18? How many of those were via highways?
- 166,036 incidents. - 87.9% of those via highways
How many officers usually escort inmates to a courtroom? What do they do?
- 2 one officer (usually the senior), conducts searches. the second officer makes sure to identify the correct inmate.
How many hazardous incidents reported in NC? How many of those were via highways?
- 512 incidents - 487 via highways
State how many days you have to serve a: - civil summons - magistrate summons - juvenile summons/defendant - juvenile summons/victims - notice of hearings - DV
- 60 -5 -5 -5 -10 -ASAP
Poisonous and toxic substances (DOT class 6)
- Any substance that causes harm to living organisms. Toxic materials, Infectious substances - Examples: Strychnine and Arsenic
Radioactive materials (DOT class 7)
- Any substance that spontaneously emits ionizing radiation. - Examples: Uranium, Thorium, Tritium
Oxidizers (DOT class 5)
- Any substance that yields oxygen readily to stimulate the combustion of organic materials. Oxidizers, Organic peroxides - Examples: Hydrogen Peroxide, Chlorate, Pure Oxygen
Corrosives (DOT class 8)
- Definition: Any substance that spontaneously emits ionizing radiation. - Examples: Uranium, Thorium, Tritium
cannibis
- Dried leaves, flowers, stems, and seeds from the hemp plant, Cannabis sativa - cannabinoids, THC, delta 9 -hash
Flammable liquids/combustible liquids (DOT class 3)
- Flammable = flash point of 60o C (140o F) lower - Combustible = flash point greater than 60o C (140o F) and below 93o C (200o F) - Examples: Gasoline, Turpentine, Acetone
What are some approach considerations for hazardous situations?
- Geography and topography - uphill, downhill. - Weather - exposure
Supreme court of NC
- Highest court in the State system - Makes no determinations of fact; considers errors in legal procedures or in interpretation of laws in a case already tried in lower courts
Gases class 2 is
- Materials shipped in a gaseous form, usually under pressure. - Types Flammable - butane, propane, butadiene, etc. Non-flammable, non-toxic compressed gasses Poison gas - mustard, sarin, etc. - Examples: Helium, Carbon Dioxide, Methane, Anhydrous Ammonia
Explosives class 1 is
- Materials that are capable of an instantaneous release of energy - Examples: Dynamite, Nitroglycerine, Blasting Caps
Miscellaneous dangerous goods (DOT class 9)
- Materials that pose limited risks during transport and do not fit into the other eight categories. - Examples: flares, cigarette lighters
What are some safety designs of your vehicle?
- Seatbelt - Airbags - Padded dash, door panels, head restraints, and front seat for rear occupants - Collapsible steering column - Recessed switches, controls, and door handles - Laminated windshields - Door locks
Level B protection in hazardous situations
- Self-contained breathing apparatus SCBA - Includes a non-encapsulating chemical splash resistant suit with hood. - The air tank is outside of the suit. It protects against agents that present no skin vapor hazard and is adequate when there is a low liquid splash potential. - Used in low oxygen environments.
Flammable solids (DOT class 4)
- Solid materials that ignite readily and burn vigorously. - Flammable, combustible, dangerous when wet.
The crime scene for a WMD incident should initially extend over an area that includes:
- The potential locations of all evidence (remember that this can extend for hundreds or thousands of feet from ground zero) - All areas of potential contamination by WMD materials.
When driving, PREDICT (What could happen) : what should the officer ask himself?
- What actions by other roadway users could lead to a collision? - How would these actions affect my safety? - How likely is it that any of these actions will occur? - If a collision should occur, what are the possible consequences?
Air bill
- air shipment - in the cockpit in possession of pilot
What should you IDENTIFY when driving?
- anything to be a hazard Signs, signals, roadway marking The roadway Motorized vehicles Non motorized vehicles
What are some written resources for hazardous situations?
- emergency response guide - shipping papers - safety data sheets
How to apply handcuffs
- from escort - rear position -have them place hands behind back with palms up, lean forward at the waist, keep head up and look straight.
For traffic control procedures, what are ways to direct traffic?
- give on signal at a time - use hands - use 2 motions to stop and to start - use whistles
In regards to traffic techniques, what is saturation patrol in traffic enforcement?
- high number of officers converging into a limited area. -More officers overwhelms the population. -Requires officers to make as many stops as possible. -Smaller agencies may need help from other departments with more officers.
in regards to inhalants, what are gases?
- household or commercial products such as butane lighters and whipped cream aerosol dispensers. - anesthetic gases which are used for medical purposes like chloroform, and nitrous oxide or laughing gas
In traffic stops, with known risk, what are verbal commands that need to be given?
- identify yourself - tell violators they are dangerous and under arrest, and they can only move on your commands - tell them to put hands up, lower window, turn engine off with left hand, and exit vehicle
Tactics of response: in WMD situations
- initial evacuation - crime scene perimeter (hot/warm zones are victim collection) -crowd control - Identifying suspects, victims, and witnesses - Crime scene preservation
For patrol techniques, how does an officer approach legally armed persons?
- maintain distance. - ask them for ID/ check ID - do not take weapon without reason.
Level A Protection in hazardous situations
- most protective (SCBA) - Includes a totally encapsulated chemical resistant suit, and supplied air with escape. - Maximum respiratory and skin protection and is used when there is a high level of liquid splash potential, a toxic respiration and skin vapor hazard, or where the chemical agent is unidentified. - Hot Zone: area immediately surrounding the contaminated location
In patrol techniques, in regards to suspicious activity, what are some behaviors that lead to resistance during arrest?
- non verbal cues like breathing, clenching of jaw, fist clenching, etc. -verbal cues like repeated phrases, profanity, etc.
What are some things to observe during the initial assessment of a hazardous situation?
- occupancy/location - senses (smell, sight) - container shapes - placards, labels markings - written resources
Way bill
- rail shipment - Must be in engine or caboose in possession of a train crew member.
Bill of Landing (B/L)
- roadway shipment -- Required to be in the cab within reach of the driver.
SEARCH in regards to driving?
- scan traffic and vehicle - search/scan traffic scene -4 second path of travel - visual lead time
List some preliminary investigation steps of traffic-related crimes
- secure violator. - request for back up. - aid to the injured. - secure and protect scene. - locate and identity witnesses and victims - make a BOLO call is necessary. - examine crime scenes - record crime scene in notes - make requests for technicians or investigators - process crime scene - interrogate - review notes
What are some container shapes to look out for in hazardous situations?
- tank trucks - railcar tanks - other
Cargo manifest
- waterway shipment - On the bridge of the ship or the pilothouse in possession of the captain or master.
U Visa in human trafficking
-4 years -Available to victims of a number of crimes, including trafficking. -It is available to immigrants who: 1. Victims of trafficking, incest, sexual assault, prostitution, etc (pg. 18) 2. Severe mental/ physical abuse. 3. Helpful in prosecution/ investigation
Signs and symptoms of shock include:
-Altered mental status -Pale, cool, clammy skin -Nausea and vomiting -Vital sign changes --Increased pulse rate or weakened pulse rate --Increased respirations with possible rapid, labored, shallow, and sometimes irregular breaths -Drop in blood pressure -Thirsty -Dilated pupils (i.e., larger than normal) -Cyanosis around the lips and nail beds
Distinctive characteristics of terrorists
-Angry -Believe their current political involvement does not give them power to effect real change. -Identity with perceived victims of the social injustice they are fighting -Feel the need to take action. -Violence is not bad. -Family is sympathetic -Believe that joining movements is fun, social, etc.
emergency care for burns
-Apply a dry sterile dressing -Do not break open any blisters or attempt to remove clothing that sticks to a burn. -Do not apply salves, ointments, butter, oils, etc.
What to do if the cord is wrapped around the baby's neck?
-Attempt to slide it over the baby's head. If you are not able to slide it over the baby's head, you will need to place two (2) clamps on the umbilical cord and cut the cord between the two (2) clamps.
Threats to law enforcement
-Be aware of surroundings. -Change passwords, check credit card reports, keep family updated. -Paper terrorism
symptoms of cardiac arrest
-Chest pain -Pain is below breastbone, may go up to shoulder, arm, neck, jack or back. -consistent pain -sweaty and weak -restlessness -shortness of breath -increased nausea/vomit -elevated HR/ irregular -sudden death
To coerce and control victims, traffickers will often do what?
-Create an overwhelming sense of fear in their victims. -Confiscate papers and legal documents -Threaten victims with arrest or deportation -Threaten to harm or kill family in the victim's homeland -Force victims to pay off debt (smuggling fee, food, housing, clothing, or medical) or face punishment -Keep victims forgien to the town, state, or country -Create dependency using tactics of psychological and emotional abuse -Dictate or restrict movement -Isolate victims from mainland language -Isolation from family, ethics, or religion -Exposing victims -Control of victims money
What do you do to prepare for delivery?
-Do not delay delivery. -lay woman on back with legs spread, knees bent and feet flat. -partner to be at womens head -place towel below.
What should you never do when checking the head?
-Do not remove any impaled object from an eye. -No attempt should be made to replace an eyeball knocked out of its socket.
What do you do with a head injury?
-Do not stop flow of fluid from nose/ears when skull fracture is possible. -Sterile dressings placed on nose/ears to fight infections. -Elder people are more prone to do this due to being blood thinners.
What are strategies for identifying victims of human trafficking?
-Domestic violence crimes -Labor disputes -Prostitution and pimping offenses -Shoplifting, and -Cases of assault.
Firefighters carry
-Exposes too much of the rescuer and the wounded officer to hostile fire and is very exhausting for both. -Used over rough terrain with potentially less injury from contact with the ground.
Indications of hyperthermia
-Extremely high body temperature (105 degrees plus) -Unconsciousness or coma -Hot, dry skin sometimes reddish in appearance.
Why are victims reluctant to try to escape as human traffickers?
-Fear of law enforcement (legal status or criminal activity they were forced to do) -Mistrust law enforcement (officers in their home country may be corrupt or directly involved in the trafficking trade) -Choose to remain in the situation rather than reporting the crime to keep family safe from retribution -May not perceive themselves as victims because they do not know their rights -Feel shame about the type of work they were made to do -Feel ashamed to admit victimization -Believe that any debts are their obligation to repay (some may have even signed a contract) -View their situation as temporary
Alert level colors
-Green (alert) -Yellow (radial pulses, breathing >30 BPM -Red (altered mental states, no pulse, breathing <30 BPM) -Black (no breathing, no pulse)
What are some clues to obtain at a scene with a seizure?
-History of epilepsy -A history of observed seizures -Behavior -A cry or blank stare began the event -The body stiffens and begins to jerk as muscles contract and relax involuntarily. -Illegal substances discovered. -Epilepsy medication. -Unresponsiveness. -Blank stare when asked a question -Slow improvement of consciousness and awareness -Discovery of medical identification that says 'EPILEPSY' or 'SEIZURE DISORDER'
What are considerations with justifying the initial pursuit?
-Legal authority and policy -Environmental factors -Vehicular factors -Human factors -Psychological -Physiological -Ethical considerations -Supervisor/ responsibility considerations -Violation considerations
Hypothermia
-Loss of heat. Low body Temp -Most common in eldery. -Leads to frostbite, freezing of tissue.
How do you check the neck?
-Make sure stoma (neck breathing) is not being blocked > Tenderness to back of the neck >Check with fingertips to the area >Protect tender spot
What are other strategies for identifying human trafficking?
-Operations of massage parlors, strip clubs, etc. -Domestic abuse -'False' or poorly examined 911 calls -Vice raid where foreign nationals are encountered -Encounters with migrant workers where a supervisor attempts to keep the group away from the law enforcement. -Brawls between people in which money is owed -Crimes involving immigrant children in situations such as prostitution or forced labor.
What NOT to do at a call involving a seizure:
-Put stuff in mouth -Hold onto tongue -Don't restrain their movement. -No liquids. -No CPR, unless water was inhaled or they did not breathe after seizure. -If no EMS, seek a friend/family to come assist the person before leaving. -Dont assume or say potential arrest.
Factors for emergency response consideration when driving include:
-Remember the definition of emergency response -Consider if it's life threatening -If speed will diminish or reduce threat to life -If criminal, report anyone still on scene -Department guidelines -Weather, traffic, and road conditions-- and distance from the scene. -If fire, see if human life is at risk. -Consider movement of other emergency vehicles thru traffic or to engage in emergency response to the scene -Number and type of other emergency vehicles responding to the scene -First aid.
If cheek is impaled, what should you do?
-Remove the object if it passed through the cheek wall out the same direction it entered. -Pack inside of mouth with dressing not out -If difficult to remove just dress it -Position head in a manner so the individual does not choke or gag -Apply pressure to the outside
Symptoms of hypoglycemia
-Respiration is normal or slow and shallow. -The skin is cool, pale, moist, and clammy and may be covered with sweat. -If conscious, the individual may complain of dizziness and headache. -The pulse will be full and rapid. -The individual may have an altered mental status. -The individual may become combative or anxious. -Signs of stroke
Which routes are best for responding to an emergency?
-Routes that offer least amount of steering and speed adjustments. -Intersections offering line of sight and legal right of way. -Quickest route -Route with least interference to emergency warning devices being seen/heard -Wide roads, with side escapes. Safe arrival is key.
symptoms of hyperglycemia
-Sweet, fruity, or acetone (nail polish remover) breath. -Weakness, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain -Rapid and weak pulse -Deep, rapid respirations
What are factors that influence perceptions and judgments during an emergency response?
-Systematic driving method -Psychological -Psychological
What are some checklist things to note on scene of a seizure?
-Time elapsed since the seizure began. -Call for medical assistance after 5 min. -Ask bystanders if they saw. -Look for a medical ID. -Loosen shirt, collar, remove glasses. -Turn the person on side to clear the airway. -Remove hazards. -Speak calmly. -Easy questions. -Reassure person.
T visa (for human trafficking victims)
-Up to 4 years -Must be a victim of HT, must comply with the investigation (OR are not 18 yrs old yet), physically present in the US, would suffer severe hardship if deported.
Radio considerations
-Value/importance -Radio transmission accuracy -Tone of voice -Control of emotion -Environmental factors -Transmission content -Team approach
What are the concepts of Operating characteristics when driving?
-acceleration -braking -steering -tracking -energy of motion -gravity -friction -inertia -centrifugal force -Centripetal force
where does internal bleeding result from?
-blunt trauma, crushing and broken bones, can rupture, lacerate, or severe internal organs, tissue, and blood vessels. Illnesses such as stroke and bleeding ulcers can cause substantial amounts of internal blood loss.
North Carolina Court of Appeals
-cases appealed from trial courts. -appeals directly from certain administrative agency decisions. - 3 panel judges -Raleigh NC
Standard precautions include the use of what?
-hand washing -Appropriate personal protective equipment such as gloves, gown, masks, whenever touching or exposure to patients' body fluids is anticipated.
What are considerations with continuing a pursuit?
-increase following distance (3-4 seconds) -speed -position -tunnel vision -communication tactics
What do you do in the delivery stage?
-keep mother clam. -be ready to support baby's head -assure head is not wrapped with cord -lay baby on side, keep head lower. -wipe blood off -suction mouth and nose (squeeze before inserting it!) -wrap baby -apply OB clamp -put name/delivery time on tape to baby -put placenta in bag for medical care
How do you bandage an eye?
-moistened bandage and secure near the eye socket.
What should be checked during a patient assessment?
-responsiveness -airway -respiration -pulse -bleeding -body position -actions
Sucking chest wound technique
-seal the opening during exhale (airtight dressing, your hand, etc) -lay on injured side (helps seal wound) -if condition worsens, remove hand and allow trapped air to escape the apply seal again
Terrorism threats to US (think of best targets, value places to the US, and areas where we gather in crowds)
-skyscrapers, nuclear plants, crowded football stadiums -Value places are: the Statue of Liberty in New York, Big Ben in London, and the Eiffel Tower in Paris -Attack on Jewish organizations -Attack buildings with high human intensity -Attack during gatherings/celebrations. --Clubs, hospitals, schools
Care Under Fire-- What is the priority? What is not a priority?
-suppress fire, move officer to avoid any more injuries= priority -airway is not most important.. -stop bleeding first, if any.
What some considerations in these human trafficking cases?
-victims can be witnesses to build cases -some traffickers may seem voluntary but are not -evidence collection is key -contact federals -victim safety
What are factors that affect lights and sirens?
-weather, location, traffic conditions, citizens, speed of vehicle
What are the standards of Detention for communicable disease testing if potential exposure occurs?
-you can request that the individual is tested for communicable diseases. -A court order can be issued by a magistrate or a judge that will require the individual that created the exposure to be detained and tested for Hepatitis B and AIDS.
What is the minimum number for a contact team for a active shooter reponse?
1
Nearly __ in ___ crashes resulted in personal injury or death to the officers.
1 in 5
What are two primary methods that can be used for collision avoidance?
1) Quick, sudden braking 2) Evasive steering or sudden lane change
regular pulse for an (1) adult, (2) adolscent, (3) child 5-12 yrs, (4) child up to 5 yrs, (5) newborn:
1)60-100 BPM 2)60-105 BPM 3)70-110 BPM 4)80-140 BPM 5)120-160 BPM
In the cycle of abuse what is the crash?
1-3 days incredible amount of sleep and epinephrine has been depleted
How much meth is made in small scale labs?
1-4 ounces
Small-scale lab ("mom and pop" labs or "Beavis and Butthead" labs) of meth
1-4 ounces per cycle 90% of labs are these
T or F. Crowds are always planned.
False
What are the 5 administrative duties of a bailiff?
1. Administer oaths to witnesses if not done by the judge or court clerk. 2. Explain court procedures and answering questions. 3. Taking and delivering messages from the judge or court officers. 4. Call names of parties and witnesses when sequestered 5. Transferring important documents and escorting persons to the cashier's window
There are 18 common duties of the bailiff, know them all, but list the first 5
1. Attend all court sessions - cannot leave. 2. Conduct physical inspections of the courtroom before and at the end of sessions. 3. Secure the courtroom when it's not in session. 4. Familiarize the schedule of court and of the judge. 5. Daily inspections of all security equipment
What are the 2 sets of objects in a vehicle that produce friction?
1. Brake pad and brake rotator 2. Tire and road
Where to report false information:
1. Check on NCIC 2. Law Enforcement Support Center (LESC) Communications Section. ---Hand in hand with ICE and DHS.
awareness and prevention of terrorism
1. Community policing is common to help here. 2. Proactive and preventive. 3. Interactive 4. Intelligence driven 5. Officers need to be aware, understand threat, assist in hardening the targets, watch those who may pose threats.
Document fraud is
1. Counterfeit or altered driver's licenses 2. Altered vehicle registrations and license plates 3, Suspicious identification cards (all types) 4. Numerous places of residence that may not exist 5. Possession of forged documents
First 2 steps upon arrest of foreign national:
1. Determine country of origin 2. If the foreign national's country is not on the mandatory notification list then: -Offer, without delay, to notify the foreign national's consular officials of the arrest detention; and -If the foreign national asks that consular notification be given, notify the nearest consular officials of the foreign national's country without delay.
what are the 3 laws of motions when driving?
1. Every object in a state of uniform motion will remain in that state of motion unless an external force acts on it. 2. Force equals mass times acceleration. 3. For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
what are the four purposes of civil process?
1. Giving notice 2. Preserving the status quo 3. Providing remedies for parties 4. Enforcing decisions of courts
Where do crashes happen?
1. Highways/streets 2. Public vehicular areas - parking lots, hospitals, etc. 3. Private property
Why are radio skills important during a pursuit?
1. Improve the officer's effectiveness by reducing response time in emergencies. 2. Increase the likelihood of obtaining help when it is needed. 3. Make the difference between effective response and ineffective response.
Person is guilty of separate offense if they commit violence with intent to:
1. Intimidate the civilian population at large or an identifiable group of the civilian population. 2. Influence, through intimidation, the conduct or activities of the government of the United States, a state, or any unit of local government.
List the priorities of initial law enforcement when responding to an active shooter response?
1. Locate, isolate, and stop the shooter. 2. Treat and evacuate the injured. 3. Establish containment with inner and outer perimeters. 4. Conduct a safety sweep for additional hazards. 5. Plan and complete evacuation. 6. Process crime scene.
Victim resources for human trafficking?
1. National Human Trafficking Hotline 2. Legal Aid of North Carolina --civil legal services to address the special legal needs of migrant and seasonal farmworkers 3. Battered Immigrant Project --Survivors of violence with legal assistance on immigration 4. Social Services and Assistance: Certification, Continued Presence, T and U Visas
What are the different violations of offenders when conducting a pursuit?
1. Non hazardous offenders (expired tags, improper license) 2. Instantaneous moving violations (passing, running stop sign) 3. Continuing hazardous moving violations (drunks, speeders)
Three factors for stopping distance are:
1. Reason for stopping (perception) 2. Deciding to stop (decision) 3. Pushing on brake and stopping (performance) If delayed, then collison can increase.
What are the 6 benefits from having a protective equipment in your vehicle?
1. Reduces officer contact with the vehicle interior and other occupants. 2. Prevents or reduces 'human' collision from taking place. 3. Prevents ejections. 4. Allows officers to stop while the patrol vehicle is stopping (ride-down effect). 5. Spreads the stopping force widely across the body's strong points, e.ghips, chest, and shoulders. 6. Helps the officer maintain control of the patrol vehicle during emergency operations and, after a collision, possibly avoiding an additional collision.
In what conditions shall a person be moved? (First responder)
1. The scene is hazardous. 2. Care of life-threatening conditions requires repositioning. 3. You must reach other patients.
What are exemptions to HIPAA for when law enforcement may obtain medical information?
1. To prevent or lessen a serious and imminent threat to the health or safety of an individual/ public, 2. To a hospital in good faith that believes there to be evidence of a crime that occurred on the premises of the hospital. 3. Alert police to the death of the individual, when there is suspicion that death resulted from criminal conduct. 4. Responding to an off site medical emergency. 5. When required by law such as reporting gunshots or stabs. 6. To comply with a court order or court-ordered warrant 7. To respond to a request for personal health information for purposes of identifying or locating a suspect, fugitive, material witness, or missing person. 8. To respond to a request for personal health information about an adult victim of a crime when the victim agrees (or in limited circumstances if the individual is unable to agree). 9. to find unknown person (DNA, dental records, etc)
what are the three jail purposes?
1. To protect society; 2. To punish; and 3. To deter.
List possible resources for law enforcement in regards to human trafficking situations ?
1. Trafficking Information and Referral Hotline 2. FBI 3. ICE 4. NCSBI
Target areas in NC (6)
1. agriculture 2. military installations 3. transportation infrastructures 4. banking/financial infrastructures 5. Nuclear power plants 6. citizens
what are some things to check within the exterior of your vehicle?
1. body damage 2. windshield, head lights cleanliness 3. lights 4. tires 5. underside 6. trunk 7. passenger area
how to check the chest and abdomen
1. chest rise and fall- evenly 2. penetration 3. hardness/tenderness 4. chest fracture 5. lower back injury
What are main things in checking the head?
1. eyes 2. pupils 3. bruising 4. nose 5. mouth 6. smell 7. neck
What are operating characteristics when driving?
1. laws of motion 2. concepts
List others duties - not related to sheriff duties, that the bailiff does.
1. maintain maintenance of the courtroom. 2. Obtain supplies for the judge. 3. Perform tasks that judge assigns.
Identify the basic procedures required upon arrival at a crash scene to:
1. protect public / scene responders 2. preserve evidence 3. Locate, identify, and interview driver(s) and occupant(s) 4. Locate, identify, and interview any witness(es) 5. Identify when additional assistance is required at the scene.
In traffic stops, when there is a search automobile incident to arrest, what are the 2 circumstances needed, according to Arizona vs Gant?
1. when the arrestee is unsecured and within reaching distance of the passenger compartment when the search (not the arrest) is conducted. 2. if it is reasonable to believe that evidence relevant to the crime of arrest might be found in the vehicle.
How many adults experience mental illness?
1/3
Allow how many seconds to check breathing before CPR?
10
How many lbs to be considered a super lab of meth?
10
How much people does the average meth cooker teach?
10
A bail bondsman's fee is usually what percentage of the set bail?
10%
in regards to traffic techniques, when conducting an unknown risk stop - how far back should you be from the occupant's vehicle?
10-15 feet.
In regards to traffic procedures, warning signs should be placed how far back in high and low speed streets?
100 feet in low speed streets, for high speed streets, increase the distance. 1500 for open highways.
Suicide is the ____ leading cause of death in the US
10th
How many members are in a jury?
12 members --2 more are available in case there needs to be replacement.
How much seconds to check around an area before proceeding? Either at an intersection, hill, curve, etc.
12 seconds
How much should the lower extremities be elevated in a first responder situtation?
12 to 18 inches
Respiration Rate (RR)
12-20 bpm
How old is someone who is mentally competent that can be responsible for holding onto a complaint?
15
Before patrolling, officers attend a brief session, how long do these tend to be?
15-30 mins
In regards to traffic control, flares burn for how long?
15-30 mins
in district court, what is the fee?
150 dollars
What is the GS for completing a traffic citation?
15A 302
How old can a person be served a subpoena?
18
How long are appeal courts?
18 months or more.
In regards to the NC handgun permit, what year was this established?
1995
What schedule is meth?
2
If you dont have 4 members for a contact team, what are the alternatives?
2 people act as wings. 3 people will consist of 1 point and 2 wings.
In the cycle of abuse what is the normal?
2-14 days, goes back to normal
How many feet should be between patrol vehicle and parked vehicle for parallel parking?
2-3 feet
Of the people who had previous gun use, how many attackers got a gun from their own home or that of a relative?
2/3
How long to wait for an irrigation of the eye?
20 mins
DWI Statute
20-138.1
In regards to traffic techniques, what is the general statute for conducting checkpoints?
20-16.3
___ million adults in the U.S. who experienced a substance abuse disorder, __% had a co-occurring mental illness.
20.2 50.5
How long is an affidavit and petition for commitment and a custody order valid for?
24 hours
In jails, suicide attempts occur within the first _____ hours after commitment.
24-72
what percent of snake bites are dry?
25
What percent of drivers, with the windows rolled up, could tell where the siren noise was coming from?
26%
Suicide is the ____leading cause of death among youth ages 15 -24
2nd
What is the most important stage of child birth?
2nd stage, look for crowning
For every officer killed in line of duty, _ killed themselves.
3
In patrol techniques, how many officers do you need in a forced entry?
3 1- cover 2- kicks door 3- cover
How many copes are there of the AOC CR 200 order? Who gets the copy?
3 copies of this form (clerk of court, defendant and arresting officer)
If you need to use force when dealing with mental illness responses, how many people should be used?
3 or more.
For lane changes or passing, or in general, how much seconds should your turn signal be on before manuevering?
3 seconds
Steps 3 & 4 upon arrest of foreign national:
3. If the foreign national's country is on the list of mandatory notification countries then -Notify that country's nearest consular officials, without delay, of the arrest / detention; and, -Tell the foreign national that you are making this notification; and, 4. Keep a written record of the provision of notification and actions taken
In purchasing Pseudoephedrine, what is the limit placed on buying it?
3.6 grams in 24 hrs or 9 grams in 30 days
Attacks were planned in over _____ of active shooter attacks.
3/4
What number of active shooter attacks hold a grievence?
3/4
How long to perfrom the Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment (START)?
30 seconds
How many people with depression commit suicide?
30%
How much electricity is generated in the state?
32%
Studies have revealed that there is approximately a _____ percent probability of an arrest if the crime is reported while it is still actually in progress, and if the total response time is ________ minute or less.
35%, 1 minute
Correctional officers need to observe jail areas how much times per hour?
4
If you double the speed of your vehicle, the kinetic energy will be ____ times greater.
4
how many members are ideal for a contact team?
4
what is it called when you have time to take an escape route, or you have sufficient stopping distance from any object that may appear in your path on the road?
4 second path of travel
In the cycle of abuse what is the high?
4-16 hours, gets argumentative, interrupted, and feels smarter
In regards to traffic procedures, warning signs in urban streets should range from ____ to __ times the speed limit.
4-8
What percent of duty is at night?
40%
Maximum distance siren was audible was ______?
440 feet
In traffic stops, with known risk, at what angle should you position your car?
45 degree angle to the left - wheels left.
In regards to controlled substances, NC requires officers to reports taxable amounts within ___ hours of an arrest
48
in a traffic stop, how many days does an unfit operator of a vehicle have to receive a notice about being reexamined by the DMV?
5
How much in a seizure, until you make a call?
5 mins
In regards to patrol techniques, what is perception?
5 senses - see, hear, taste, smell and touch. People put attention on areas based on their perceptions.
What percent of environmental issues cause crashes?
5%
What percent of vehicle issues cause crashes?
5%
If there is ice or snow on the road, or during hard rain, a following distance of _____ may be needed.
5-6
In responding to a meth lab, how far should you move people from the scene?
50 ft
What percent of attacks had a history of gun use in active shooter situations?
50%
what percent of all non emergency law enforcement related collisions occur while vehicle is moving backwards?
50%
In patrol techniques, nonverbal communication cues may be used to predict between ______ of resistance levels.
50-90%
how many people die everyday from overdosing on prescription painkillers?
52
How many street gangs and members are in NC?
550 gangs 14, 500 members
What should you do for interviewing witnesses or drivers or occupants of a traffic crash??
5W's Take possession of ID from driver. Interview participants individually. Ask them to write a statement of the event, then ask follow up questions. During the interview, observe drivers actions, speech and psychological coordination - signs of impairment. Be aware some signs may be from trauma. If there is a serious crash, interviewing at a later time is okay. Be aware some drivers may have warrants, invalid ID - etc. Decipher statements of fact and discard statements of deception. Don't detain anyone who needs EMS. Some family members or friends not at the event may try to provide statements for the benefit of the person involved. However, take the statement as it may help justify how they contributed to the crash. (used as protection if their friend caused crash) Open ended questions versus closed - more detail. If witness, remember to interview ASAP as they are able to leave if they wish. Follow up interviews.
How many schedules of controlled substances in NC?
6
An offender can be placed in a local confinement facility for either two or three consecutive days for ___ days total per month for a maximum of ___ months.
6, 3
With safety belts on, the officer can maintain body control and survive a ___mph impact force.
60
How many people have reduction of mental illness symtoms?
70-90%
In regards to traffic procedures, warning signs in rural areas should range from ____ to __ times the speed limit.
8 to 12
What percent of meth is produced in super labs?
80
What percent of people infected with HCV have no signs or symptoms?
80%
On the steering wheel, where should hands be placed?
9 o clock and 3 o clock
what percent of labs are small scale meth labs?
90
What percent of driver issues cause crashes?
90%
Vision supplies ___ of the incoming data.
90-95%
What percent of pedestrians could tell where the siren noise was coming from?
91%
What percent of people abuse drugs again?
93%
In small claims court, what is the fee?
96 dollars
temperature, what is the normal degree and how do you check it?
98.6 Back of hand (cold/hot, or wet/dry)
Impaled objects
>DO NOT REMOVE THE ITEM (unless airway is blocked) >Expose wound ( cut clothing if necessary) >Control serious bleeding by hand pressure (careful adding pressure to the object) >Place bulky dressing if available on either side of the object and use tape to hold in place.
In patrol techniques, what does ACTT stand for?
A - Attitude C - Communications T - Technique T - Teamwork
Local management entity/managed care organization (LME/MCO)
A LME that is under contract with the Department to operate the combined Medicaid Waiver Program authorized under Section 1915(b) and Section 1915(c) of the Social Security Act.
What is a traffic stop citation?
A citation is a directive, issued by a law enforcement officer to another person authorized by statute, that a person appears in court and answers a misdemeanor or infraction charge or charge(s).
Involuntary commitment
A civil proceeding in which people are hospitalized in psychiatric facilities against their will.
involuntary commitment
A civil proceeding in which people are hospitalized in psychiatric facilities against their will.
Define mob
A collection of people assembled for an unlawful purpose and intending to do damage or injury to anyone, or pretending to exercise correctional power over other persons by violence and without authority of law. Intense excitement.
What is a reportable crash?
A collision involving: death damage of 1000 or more or if property damage of any amount to a vehicle is seized.
Anosognosia
A condition in which a person with an illness seems unaware of the existence of his or her illness.
Corporation vs unincorporated
A corporation is an organization that is incorporated under the laws of the state in which it is located. ... An unincorporated association is an association of two or more persons formed for some religious, educational, charitable, social or other non-commercial purpose
Personal recognizance bond
A defendant's personal promise to appear in court. Is freed until trial.
A victim has the right to offer admissible evidence of the impact of the crime, which includes:
A description of the nature and extent of any physical, psychological, or emotional injury suffered by the victim as a result of the offense committed by the defendant. An explanation of any economic or property loss suffered by the victim. A request for restitution and an indication of whether the victim has applied for or received compensation under the Crime Victims Compensation Act (15A-833).
third degree burn
A full-thickness burns that involve the epidermis, dermis, and varying levels of the subcutaneous and underlying structures. Most serious, extensive tissue damage to both layers of skin, and sometimes deeper tissues. Nurn cannot heal on its own. Appears black and charred, thick and leathery, or white. Nerve damage can result.
Human trafficking
A global phenomenon that involves obtaining or maintaining the labor or services of another through the use of force, fraud, or coercion in violation of an individual's human rights.
Grand Jury
A group of citizens that decides whether there is sufficient evidence to accuse someone of a crime. Probable cause is present or whether to issue a true bill of indictment.
pat-down search
A manual search by a police officer of the exterior of a suspect's outer garments
In crowd management, what is a Civil disobedience?
A nonviolent, public refusal to obey allegedly unjust laws. ex. student takeover on campus
second degree burn
A partial-thickness burn involving the epidermis and the dermis. Deep reddening, blistering (open or closed), and swelling of the skin. There is some damage to the second layer of skin. There is severe pain with second-degree burns.
What do you do if there is a premature birth?
A premature baby is any baby born before thirty-six weeks of pregnancy or weighs less than five (5) pounds.
Depression
A prolonged feeling of helplessness, hopelessness, and sadness
Excited delirium
A serious behavioral condition in which a person exhibits agitated behavior combined with disorientation, hallucinations, or delusions
Anaphylactic shock
A severe reaction that occurs when an allergen is introduced to the bloodstream of an allergic individual. Taken to medical center asap.
diagnostic signs
A sign is something the responder himself sees, hears, or feels, e.g., absence of respirations, cool or clammy skin, pale or blue skin color.
Single-point-of-entry model
A single access of entrance
What is a safety data sheet?
A sixteen-section information sheet provided by a chemical product's manufacturer or importer that contains information such as the chemical composition, physical and chemical properties, health and safety hazards, emergency response procedures, and transportation and regulatory information of the specified material.
GSW technique for the chest/back
A three-sided tape technique with an occlusive dressing.
unincorporated association
A voluntary association of individuals acting together under a common name to accomplish a lawful purpose.
Improvised explosive devices (IED)
A weapon that is fabricated or emplaced in an unconventional manner incorporating destructive, lethal, noxious, pyrotechnic, or incendiary chemicals and designed to kill, destroy, incapacitate, harass, deny mobility, or distract.
what are some things to check within the car engine?
A) Check the level of fluids in these systems. -Radiator and radiator overflow tank - make sure the fluid in the radiator is cool before you remove the radiator cap -Battery -Windshield-washer fluid tank -Engine oil -Power steering -Brake -Transmission - this check is usually with the engine running, with the park brake set, and the transmission in park B) Check the fan belt and any other belts that operate the power steering, power brakes, or air conditioning systems to ensure proper belt tension. C) Check all hoses and hose connections for leaks. D) Check for loose, broken, or disconnected wires. E) Check cracked insulation. Horn
What is the acronym for responsiveness?
A-Alert V-Response to Verbal stimuli (talking) P-Response to painful stimuli (Pinching) U-Unresponsive AVPU
In traffic stops, with known risk, you should: A.Have driver open the door from the outside using the ____ hand. B. Door should be pushed open with ___ foot. C. Order driver to step out slowly, hands up and take ___ steps to the left and close the door with ___ foot. D. Have driver turn ______ slowly and ask them to lift clothing if necessary ("turn slowly until I say stop.") E.If a weapon is spotted, advice all officers and _____ remove the weapon until the suspect is cuffed.
A. right B. left C. two, right. D. completely around, or 360 E. do not
What are ways officers can stress manage to prevent suicide?
Avoid drugs and alcohol. Develop a mindset of healthy lifestyle and routines. Clear boundaries. Avoid conflict. Check in with yourself, seek help.
For DWI traffic stops, what are some sobriety tests?
ABC - beginning at E , stopping at P Countdown Finger count test
How many days to serve a DVPO?
ASAP but valid for 60 days.
characteristics of respiration rate
Absent Slow/fast Shallow/deep Gasping, labored, or choking
Characteristics of pulse
Absent, slow/fast, weak/pounding, irregular/regular.
This mob has the desire to acquire something.
Acquisitive mob
State the basic steps to be followed when responding to and beginning a preliminary investigation of a motor vehicle crash.
Act with due regard for safety when driving to the scene Find the shortest and quickest route to the scene Monitor radio traffic from the fire department, EMS Remember a routine crash could be the result of a fraudulent act by one or more of the participants.
Which situations require mostly patrol response?
Active shooter in school and in a business
In regards to traffic techniques, which phase of enforcement action determines responsibility of the accused by magistrate, judge or jury. Whether the offender is guilty or not.
Adjudication
What are some things to remember when responding to those who have mental disabilities?
Adjust your behavior to that of the person you are responding to. Maintain your composure even if they push your buttons. Know your "hot buttons".
An HBV vaccine what type of exposure control?
Administrative
Adult PTSD symptoms
Adults appear anxious, not enjoy things as before, negative feelings, etc.
This mob attacks, riot, and terrorizes others. They destroy things and can be physical.
Aggressive mob
Which crowds are involved in some kind of expressive behavior. They are emotionally involved and can easily become agitated if approached improperly.
Agitated/expressive crowd
labor exploitation examples
Agricultural/farm work Cleaning services Construction Domestic servitude Exotic dancing Factory/manufacturing Restaurant work
What is included in the restoration phase in WMD situations?
Aiding in the restoration of critical services Restoring normal operations Restocking resources expended during the WMD incident Replacing damaged, lost and contaminated equipment Modifying the agency response plan based on 'lessons learned' Establishing safeguards to deter WMD attacks in the future Counseling Restructuring departments police and procedures manual Critiquing - internally and publicly.
what are the 4 prejudgement remedies?
Attachment Garnishment Claim and delivery, Restraining orders or injunctions.
What does the DOT (department of transportation) placard have issues with in hazardous situations?
All product hazards not indicated Incorrect placards Absent placards Some placards not placarded Placards and labels may not be accurate. Secondary hazards may not be identified by placards. The degree or severity of the hazard is not conveyed. The DANGEROUS placard is vague and of little use. Shippers may not always comply. Enforcement of the regulations is difficult.
For traffic stops, in order to search a vehicle and remain safe, what are the (6) key principles?
Always have back up. Safe location. With backup, remove all occupants from the car before conducting a search. Frisk occupants first. Look before reaching into the area. (get gloves, mirrors, etc.) Beware of setups by occupants.
what are factors to consider when using a fire extinguisher?
Always notify the fire department first. Only attempt to fight off small fires. Portable fire extinguishers and their successful use depend on where they are stored, the type of fire, and the person using them.
Drug related overdose
An acute condition, including mania, hysteria, extreme physical illness, coma, or death resulting from the consumption or use of a controlled substance, or another substance with which a controlled substance was combined, and that a layperson would reasonably believe to be a drug overdose that requires medical assistance.
National Terrorism Advisory System (NTAS)
An alert advisory system is put in place which consists of a 5 color-coded system meant to inform the public of potential threats to the community (replacing the Homeland Security Advisory System).
Property Bond
An alternative to posting bail in cash, in which the defendant gains pretrial release by providing the court with property valued at the bail amount as assurance that he or she will return for trial.
property bond
An alternative to posting bail in cash, in which the defendant gains pretrial release by providing the court with property valued at the bail amount as assurance that he or she will return for trial.
Local managing entity (LME)
An area authority, county program, or consolidated human service agency who manage the treatment options available for the respondents.
In patrolling, what is attractive nuisances?
An attractive nuisance is a condition or a place that attracts children and poses an imminent threat to their health and safety.
If someone with mental illness is not cooperating with you, prior to considering force, what should you do as an officer?
Attempt to switch responder if possible before applying any force. Allow them to speak with someone else. ex. letting medical workers take the lead, or even leave the scene and re-engage later.
close surveillance definition in controlled substance
An individual is kept under observation continuously, and it is maintained around the clock until the operation is completed
human surveillance definition in controlled substance
An investigation when a member of the investigative team is a direct source of information.
mechanical surveillance definition in controlled substance
An investigation with the use of video cameras, voice recorders, and other such equipment.
What is inertia?
An object in motion will continue to move in a straight line unless some force acts against it.
Bailiff
An officer of court having custody of prisoners under arraignment.
Placenta
An organ that is attached to the wall of the uterus that receives nutrients and oxygen from the mother for the fetus and returns waste from the fetus to the mother.
What are the two types of shock?
Anaphylactic shock and Hemorrhagic shock
What are some social and psychological influences of crowd behavior?
Anonymity, Universality, Inability to withdraw, Increased hostility, Social suggestion, Emotionality, Irrationality, Homogeneity of mental state (group mindset), Emotional contagion (contagion theory)
what is ABS? (crash investigation)
Anti-lock Braking System
What is an example of an uncontrolled substance?
Antibiotics
in regards to crowds, what is Universality
Attitudes and emotions are being experienced and are shared by everyone in the group
Destructive devices
Any explosive, incendiary or poison gas: - Bomb - Grenade - Rocket having a propellant charge of more than four ounces - Missile having an explosive or incendiary charge of more than one-quarter ounce - Mine - Any weapon besides shotgun, which can be converted to projectile with a bore of more than ONE HALF INCH IN DIAMETER.
Weapons of mass destruction (WMD) Title 18 US Code
Any explosive, incendiary, or poison gas, including the following: a bomb; grenade; rocket having an explosive or incendiary charge of more than four ounces; missile having an explosive or incendiary charge of more than one-quarter ounce; mine; or device similar to any of the previously described devices
What is a street gang?
Any ongoing organization, association, or group of three (3) or more persons with a symbol, and commits felony activities (even deliquents).
Who is considered a victim of human trafficking, regardless of force, fraud or coercion being present?
Any person under the age of eighteen who performs a commercial sex act is considered a victim.
In regards to patrol techniques, what are some ways to prepare?
Appearance Equipments Reporting for duty Mentality Attending briefing Inspection of vehicle
crowning of a baby
Appearance of the infant's head as it pushes through the birth canal.
What are techniques when dealing with a person with autism?
Approach the person quietly, avoid quick motions. Talk calmly, repeat yourself if necessary and be patient. Do not touch them. Maintain safe distance.
Triangulation Method (crash investigation)
Appropriate in the absence of a good reference point. Take three measurements for each mark. Use two reference points for each mark. The mark is measured from each reference point and the distance between the reference points.
People with these things have greater risk of suicide
Are depressed Prior attempt Family history of disorder and suicide. Family violence. Firearms in home. Incarceration.
In observing traffic, which method occurs in an area or beat which includes a number of streets, roads, or intersection of highways. Day-to-day basis. Used to patrol an area of high traffic violations involving several city blocks or sections of roadways?
Area patrol
In a civil process suit, who is served in the state?
Attorney General or a deputy or assistant attorney general
In conducting a vehicle stop, when conducting an arrest, what are the steps?
Ask violator to exit vehicle slowly, keeping their hands in view and to walk to a point ordered. Place them in handcuffs and search them. If violator refuses to exit the officer may use SCAT
Define Psychological crowd
Assemblage of people who have a sustained common interest and respond emotionally to the same stimuli
In traffic stops, you can search a vehicle in the area where the incident took place or ___.
At the law enforcement agency.
in regards to traffic techniques, when conducting an unknown risk stop, what areas should you avoid?
Avoid driveways, hills, intersections, bridges, narrow streets, radio dead spots, etc.
What are things to consider during the departure of an inmate?
Awareness. What an inmate cannot do. Seating. Rest stops. Traffic accidents/emergencies. Vehicle operations.
In determining gang activity, what are types of crimes that can be linked to gangs?
B&E's, auto thefts, armed robberies, large fights with juveniles
What are some external meth lab indicators?
Bars, covers, windows, chemical smells, dead animals, extra locks on doors, people coming in and out, smokers outside, etc.
What is the key rule for deescalating situations with those who have mental disabilities?
Be LESS authoritarian, controlling and confrontational. This will create MORE control.
What is the National Incident Management System (NIMS) intended to do for hazardous situations?
Be applicable across a full spectrum of potential incidents, hazards, and impacts, regardless of size, location, or complexity. Improve coordination and cooperation between public and private entities in a variety of incident management activities. Provide a common standard for overall incident management.
What are things during transport that inmates SHOULD NOT do?
Be permitted to talk with anyone other than officers or other prisoners. Be permitted to select eating places, rest stops, routes of travel, or other areas to visit. Be unnecessarily exposed to public view. Have restraints removed unless necessary. Be permitted to make phone calls.
What are some tactics that protestors use?
Blocking Locking arms Padlock chaining Singing and chanting Name calling
Tactics used by fleeing drivers
Bee line flight: outrun officer Acceleration to high speed: losing sight of officer then stopping. Collision with third party by timing or delaying. Intentional violation of motor vehicle laws Using vehicle as weapon
in regards to crowds, what is Inability to withdraw
Being afraid to express a view contrary to those in the majority
Internal bleeding
Bleeding inside the body
external bleeding
Bleeding on the outside of the body; often, visible bleeding.
What are color pages in the guidebook are alphabetical index?
Blue pages provides an index of dangerous goods in alphabetical order by material and four digit ID numbers to help identify the emergency response guide.
which items require two marks? and where do the marks go? (crash investigation)
Bodies - 1 mark on head, 1 at center of mass. Vehicles- mark the center of each tire on one side. Straight grooves, skid marks - place marks at each end of the item. Long railing sections - mark spots on each end. Dribble paths - mark each end.
What are Psychological factors when driving?
Boredom, aggressiveness, unpreparedness
What can happen in a hypoglycemia situation?
Brain damage may occur.
sexual exploitation examples
Brothels Massage parlors Pornography productions Street prostitution
Any person who willfully solicits a person who has a severe or profound mental disability for the purpose of prostitution is guilty of ____.
Class E felony.
Charge for unlawful sale, surrender, or purchase of a minor?
Class F felony
For additional violations of purchase of a minor, what is the charge and minimum fine?
Class F felony, and $10,000
Charges for Involuntary Servitude if the victim is an adult?
Class F felony.
Any person 18 years of age or older who willfully solicits a minor for the purpose of prostitution is guilty of a _________.
Class G felony
What is the additional charge for solicitation of another individual for prostitution?
Class H felony (second offense)
Charges for sexual servitude if the victim is a minor?
Class C Felony
When you conduct a cell search, what should you do when you find contraband?
Call another officer, and place items in bag.
In regards to traffic techniques, when conducting an unknown risk stop - what should you always do before activating the emergency system?
Call in your stop.
Emergency commitment
Can be initiated by an officer or other persons to expedite treatment and increase safety (exigent circumstances)
How can the skull fracture?
Can fracture from force/pressure
How can some caregivers respond to you when approaching someone with PTSD that they know?
Caregivers will be present at times, remember they may have emotions towards victims and can present anger or depressed meanor towards you.
In which ways are inmates released?
Cash bond Property bond Written promise Custody release Unsecured bond
Traumatic brain injury (TBI)
Caused by a bump, blow or jolt to the head or penetrating head injury that disrupts the normal function of the brain.
What are the primary striking areas to use for crowd control?
Center muscle mass of the arm. Center muscle mass of the leg. Center muscle mass of the body.
For traffic control procedures, what are some positions officers can stand at?
Center of intersection - greatest visibility, most hazardous, and provides great control. Corner - used for heavy pedestrian traffic, more safety and better control.
What do constricted pupils indicate?
Central nervous system disorder, narcotic use
What are officer options when encountering an active shooter?
Challenge from cover Arrest Deadly force.
Define physical crowd
Characterized by density of contact showing no significant group behavior. Little or no organization, no unity of purpose, its members come and go, and have no common bond.
criminal summons
Charges a crime and orders the accused to appear in court on a designated time and date to answer to the charges against him
Charges for human trafficking if the victim is an adult?
Class C felony.
Charges for sexual servitude if the victim is an adult?
Class D felony
What are some post collision operability of a traffic crash?
Check car operations, or removal by wrecker. Visual inspection of wheels, steering, brakes, fluids. Discretion and liability to drive the car is given to the driver. Most cases, make sure they don't drive and follow your agency policy
How to prevent positional asphyxiation
Check for breathing. Never place face down. Do not transport in a "hogtied" position. Transport in an upright vertical position.
What are things to consider when coming to contact with civilians?
Check for weapons and move (the shooter can be in the crowd) If a person needs help, rear guard evacuates them.
For patrol techniques, what are methods of assertive patrol?
Check frequently : Physical security of business. The citizens - suspicious people need to be stopped. Reasonable suspicion before conducting field stop.
What should be investigated with defective equipment in a traffic crash?
Check if any available equipment caused the crash. Some drivers may use this factor to blame for the crash. Pay close attention to all equipment. Identity malfunction - mechanical inspection. Notes
which explosive is most likely to be encountered by Law enforcement?
Chemical
Children PTSD symptoms
Children have separation anxiety, nightmares, and aggression
What is the initial charge for solicitation of another individual for prostitution?
Class 1 misdemeanor (first offense)
Nine DOT classes of Hazardous Materials
Class 1: Explosives. Class 2: Gases. Class 3: Flammable & Combustable liquids. Class 4: Flammable solids. Class 5: Oxidizers. Class 6: Poisonous & toxic substances. Class 7: Radioactive Materials. Class 8: Corrosives. Class 9: Miscellaneous dangerous goods.
Fire classes and symbols
Class A (green triangle) -- ordinary combustible materials; wood, cloth, paper, rubber, and many plastics. Class B (within a red square) -- flammable or combustible liquids and gases, such as gasoline, alcohol, oil-based paints, flammable gases, and greases. Class C (within blue circle) -- energized electrical equipment. Class D(within yellow star) -- certain combustible metals; magnesium, titanium, zirconium, sodium, and potassium. Class K (within black hexagon) -- commercial cooking equipment involving cooking oils.
Charges for human trafficking if the victim is a minor?
Class B2 Felony
Charges for Involuntary Servitude if the victim is a minor?
Class C Felony
Who collects the civil process fees?
Clerk of court
Who is responsible for the issuance of civil process?
Clerk of court OR asst. clerk of court, or deputy.
in regards to traffic techniques, when conducting an unknown risk stop - what are advantages of approaching from the driver side?
Close contact. Immediate access to violator, should arrest be needed. Close visual contact.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Clothing or specialized equipment that provides protection to the wearer. - gloves, pocket masks, etc.
If you come in contact with explosive devices, what do you do? What is key?
Common sense is key. KEEP MOVING do not touch, stop or transmit devices.
uterus
Commonly referred to as the womb, it is a muscular organ inside of which the fetus baby grows. The cervix is the opening of the uterus.
In regards to traffic techniques, when conducting an unknown risk stop, what do you need to do first?
Communicate your location.
What is the most critical response in an active shooting situation?
Communication
In patrol techniques, what are the 3 characteristics of operational plan?
Complete plan. Flexible plan. Simple plan.
What is Miscellaneous equipment of your vehicle?
Computer/mobile data terminal In-car camera systems Speed measuring instruments Seat-mounted organizers (boxes, etc.)
Which method of observing traffic consists of "Stationary observation to which the observer is not visible to persons using ordinary powers of observation from the roadway being used"?
Concealed observation
what motivating factor of an informant is limited usefulness - no criminal activity?
Concerned citizen/altruistic
9 and 1 motivating factors of informants
Concerned citizen/altruistic Walk-in informant Fear Revenge Mercenary Egotistical Perverse Reformer or repentance James bond syndrome
In searching inmates, who usually does this, in regards to sheriffs duties?
Conducted by detention staff or sheriff deputy.
in regards to crowds, what is Increased hostility
Conflict does not eliminate the problem, and it often increases hatred between social groups
What are indications of blood damage from a head injury?
Confusion or unconsciousness, unequal pupils that do not react/change size with light changes, possible paralysis of one (1) side, and possibly changes in respiratory patterns. Seizures or become combative.
Long term effects of meth
Confusion, anxiety, violent behavior, paranoia, hallucinations, dental problems, weight loss
Ligaments
Connect bone to bone at joints.
Tendons
Connect muscle to bone
DECIDE (driving block)
Consider courses of actions after gathering information, interpreting and predicting.
In traffic stops, when there is a search automobile incident based on a outstanding warrant, what does the officer need to consider?
Consider how recent the offense was committed may be an important factor in determining the 'reasonable to believe' standards of this context."
What is the first priority when responding to an active shooter?
Contain and stop the shooter.
Usually the active shooter will continue doing what, until they encounter an officer?
Continue to shoot the innocent
Outer perimeter team for active shooter response
Control traffic and cut off all roadway entrances to the school or building.
Oxycontin
Controlled-release form of Oxycodone. Opium derivative, which is the same active ingredient in Percodan and Percocet.
This type of riot is the climate of violence, which is caused by the rampage of a spontaneously formed mob.
Conventional mob riot
What are types of riots?
Conventional mob riot Race riots Organized/planned riot Guerrilla riot Spontaneous riot
LLC (Limited Liability Company)
Corporation with the benefits of a sole proprietorship, and not many disadvantages.
How much does the US spend a year on addiction of drugs?
Costs 700 billion a year for americans.
In patrolling, what should officers do if an individual has a concealed carry permit but has no ID or if they have an ID but it's not with them?
Could be charged if they have no ID. Or infraction if they have it but not on them.
rules of evidence
Court rules that govern the admissibility of evidence at criminal hearings and trials.
Identify two (2) purposes of plea-bargaining.
Courts are overcrowded, and there is a need to dispose of as many cases as possible without a trial. District attorney may realize that the case is weak, and rather than take a chance that the jury might find the defendant not guilty, the district attorney will agree to accept a plea to a lesser charge. The defendant might believe that the jury will convict him of the greater charge and so will plead guilty to the lesser charge. May be reasonable in the interest of justice (i.e., reduce the charge for a person who has never been in trouble before).
DMV 349
Crash report.
What is the Incident Command System intended to do in hazardous situations?
Created during Cali wildfires in 1970's Each responder answers one person. Small span of control, more management
What is assertive patrol?
Crime must be controlled and prevented.
CIT officers
Crisis intervention team
which items require three marks? and where do the marks go? (crash investigation)
Curved tire marks - mark these by marking at 5, 10, or 15 foot intervals. Straight irregular marks, such as deviated skid marks - mark a spot at each end and one at the point of irregularity. Debris areas larger than three 3 feet - place several marks around the perimeter of the debris field but do not try to locate every item.
What are levels for protective clothing and protection?
D C B A
What does the defense do during trial?
DA may bring witnesses on behalf of defendant. Defendant is not required to testify.
What is Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS) intended to do?
Defining health, physical and environmental hazards of chemicals; Creating classification processes that use available data on chemicals for comparison with the defined hazard criteria; and Communicating hazard information, as well as protective measures, on labels and Safety Data Sheets SDS).
Indicators when checking the scalp or skull?
Deformity Contusions Amputations/avalusions Punctures/penetrations Burns Tenderness Lacerations Swelling
In a civil process suit, who is served in a unit of local government in a city, town or village?
Delivered to the mayor, city manager, or city clerk
Who initiates an evaluation of involuntary commitment?
Designated by the magistrate or clerk of court
In patrol techniques, what are elements for crime?
Desire or intent on the part of the individual. Knowledge of how to commit the crime. Opportunity to commit offense or a belief that the opportunity exists
In regards to traffic techniques, which phase of enforcement action identifies or detects conditions, actions, behaviors which are illegal by statute or ordinance?
Detection
What are the five phases of enforcement action in regards to traffic techniques?
Detection, Apprehension, Prosecution, Adjudication, and Penalization
What is the first thing to do in a poisoning siutation?
Determine the source of the poisoning and communicate this to the telecommunications center.
signs and symptoms of Amphetamines
Dilated pupils Talkativeness Possibly thin Paranoia Quickened breathing Potentially violent
What are two methods of jail supervision?
Direct or remote two-way voice communication with all confinement units. Visual contact either through direct observation or using electronic surveillance with all confinement units.
GSW technique for the face/neck
Direct pressure. Immobilization
GSW technique for the leg
Direct pressure. Tourniquet.
in regards to observing traffic, a traffic patrol directed toward a certain traffic offense or to a stationary post is called:
Directed patrol
in regards to traffic techniques, when conducting an unknown risk stop - what should you radio to communicators. List in order.
Direction of travel and location of stop. License # Number of people Reason for stop Activate lights.
Indicators of impact area are: (crash investigation)
Dirt and other debris from the vehicle's undercarriage may dislodge during the collision. Gouge marks on the road The force of a collision can push down parts of the vehicle's undercarriage into the roadway Sharp angles in skid marks (offsets) Abrupt changes in skid mark direction as correlated to vehicle damage patterns.
What are some don'ts for crowd management enforcement?
Discuss the merits of the dispute with any person involved in the dispute. Become provoked. Obtain information unless directed by chain of command. Do not discuss injunctions with anyone in dispute.
When officers respond to WMD reports, how if information given to them?
Dispatch provides limited information to officers as they move toward the incident scene. They must be provided wind speed and direction if some form of vapor contamination is suspected or anticipated.
What should officers do when patrolling violent and hostile crowds?
Dispersal is key. Take control of an unlawful disturbance.
In crowd control, what is DART?
Disperse, arrest, rescue, team
Benefits of syringe program
Disposal, needles are not shared, program sites/ equipment, education, naloxone kits, personal consultations
In traffic stops, what are some advantages when issuing citations from the driver side while violator remains in their car?
Distance and protection from the violator. Access to radio communication. Control of patrol vehicle should rapid departure be necessary.
In traffic stops, what are some advantages when issuing citations from the passenger side while violator remains in their car?
Distance and protection from the violator. Can exit patrol vehicle without fear of traffic. Access to radio communication. Unencumbered by steering wheel column, MDTs, etc. The door may be kept open.
DCIN
Division of Criminal Information Network
treatment for sprain, strain, ligament
Do not move the area of injury. Apply splint in most situations
Court Oath
Do you solemnly (swear/affirm) that you will tell the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, so help you God?
What are some meth lab indicators?
Domestic V calls Fires and explosions Medical calls by persons
What types of cases are ONLY allowed to be tried in district court?
Domestic Violence Protective Order (50b) & No contact orders (50c)
In regards to GS 14-360, animal cruelty, what is this correlated with?
Domestic violence
What to do when examining suspicious and potentially dangerous objects?
Don't touch or move. Write down description and where it was found.
in regards to traffic techniques, when conducting an unknown risk stop - what are two tactical approaches?
Driver side (offset left) and passenger side (offset right).
In traffic stops, what defines driving?
Driving means while the car is running or in motion, or if a person is sitting while the motor runs, and/or if they are asleep with the engine running.
In regards to traffic techniques, what are some unconstitutional purposes for checkpoints?
Drugs General crime control
What are some other containers in hazardous situations?
Drums Cylinder Carboys
What has immediate jurisdiction in regards to environment violations?
Dumping vehicle or lawnmower oil Disposal of litter Residential garage to paint vehicles Presence of mold in residence
limitations of emergency warning devices on law enforcement vehicles:
During daylight headlights should be used with emergency lights. Do not use high beams during the night. Siren is authorized to be used by officers at all times while performing their duties. Lights and sirens do not substitute for caution and mastered driving skills. Factors that affect lights and sirens
The general rule of law
Duty owed to the general public will not support a negligence claim unless some special relationship exists between police and the injured party.
ELEAP
ENGAGE: introduce yourself LISTEN: to their story/perspective. EMPATHIZE: what the person is experiencing. Understand them. Paraphrase: put their words into your words. AGREE: on what you have in common. PARTNER: to address the person's needs. Resolve the problem. Work together to get them what they need.
Who to report illegal aliens to?
ERO and ICE, DHS
How do you check for a back injury?
Ease your hand into the hollow area created by the curvature of the spine. If there appears to be a back fracture.
Examples of special interest groups
Ecological resistance movements (Earth First! And the Earth Liberation Front), (Anti-Environmental Movement (Wise Use), Animal Rights (Animal Liberation Front), and Anti-Abortion Activists (Pro-Life Action Network, Operation Rescue, and Anti-Abortion Terrorists)
Effectiveness of the sirens ______ when speed ______.
Effectiveness of the sirens decrease when speed increases
in regards to traffic techniques, when conducting an unknown risk stop - what are advantages of approaching from the passenger side?
Element of surprise, occupants don't expect to be approached this way. Not exposed to traffic. Escape routes are away from traffic - can find cover/concealment. Violator does not have a shooting position. Officer has greater distance from the violator. Exchanging items allows a person to stretch across and become off balanced.
When responding to those who have mental disabilities, what is the Three step intervention?
Empathy statement. Let them know you understand. Concern statement. Let them know that you have a concern. Action statement. Let them know what you want then to do.
In traffic stops, what are some disadvantages when issuing citations from the driver side while violator remains in their car?
Encumbered by the steering wheel, MDTs, computers, etc. The problem of oncoming traffic should a rapid exit be necessary. Must re-approach violator's vehicle. No contact with violator. Air bag deployment if suspect backs up (200mph speed).
What must be addressed when officers are in life threatening emergencies?
Enemy fire, medical equipment limitations, a widely variable evacuation time, tactical considerations, and the unique problems entailed in transporting.
What to do with an electrical shock?
Ensure current is deactivated.
Drug Paraphernalia
Equipment, products, and materials for any kind that are used to facilitate, or intended or designed to facilitate, violations of the Controlled Substance Act.
This mob is highly emotionally charged crowd driven by fright which creates emotional, unreasonable, and frantic behavior.
Escape mob
Inner perimeter team for active shooter response
Established rally points around a school, protect any fleeing students, and apprehend the suspect if he or she tries to escape.
Short term effects of meth
Euphoria Insomnia Light and sound sensitivity Teeth grinding
What are non reportable crashes?
Everything else that does not fall under the above category. These types of crashes fall under "fender bender" accidents - minor crashes.
In cases where the debtor is about to flee jurisdiction to avoid paying judgement, there is a civil order for arrest, what type of remedy is this called? How many days is it valid?
Executions Against the Person 90 days
what are the types of post judgement remedy of execution?
Executions Against the Property, Executions Against the Person, and Executions for Delivery of Specific Property
What is it called when a sheriff takes property away from the defendant to give back to the plaintiff?
Executions for Delivery of Specific Property
Common law
Exercise ordinary care while operating vehicle
Chemical explosion
Explosion is a rapid form of combustion
Booby traps
Explosive devices designed to be detonated by unsuspecting victims.
What are examples of indicators in hazardous situations?
Explosive materials stored at a location where they shouldn't or normally would not be stored; Chemicals that are typically used to fabricate explosives; Chemicals that are typically used to fabricate chemical agents; Devices or items that could be used to disperse chemical or biological agents A large number of photographs, maps or sketches of a building Suspicious activities Suspicious orders for precursors
Exposure is best understood as what?
Exposure = Dose x Time
Exposure vs. Contamination in hazardous situations?
Exposure: there has to be a dose or concentration of the agent present in sufficient quantity to cause harm; Contamination: substance clings to surface areas of clothing or body.
Which mob has intense feelings, and follows some special event?
Expressive mob
In traffic stops, what are the (9) search zones of concealment you need to cover?
Exterior Driver zone Left-rear passenger zone Trunk zone Right-rear passenger zone Front passenger zone Engine zone Roof zone Underside zone
Characteristics of bailiff include: (a) Recommended to be sworn, deputy sheriffs (b) Stationed in all courts and patrolling all other areas of the courthouse (c) Training and preparedness (d) Physically and mentally fit (e) Demonstrate professionalism and present a positive public image (f) all of the above
F
T/F. The standard fee per person for civil process cases is $45.
F. $30
T/F. you do NOT need probable cause for a search incident to arrest in an outstanding warrant incident situation.
F. It is illegal, you need probable cause.
T/F. When you conduct a cell search, keep the inmate close by.
F. Keep them outside of sight from the cell.
What is the primary agency for counter-terrorism interdiction and investigation?
FBI
Who are the 2 primary federal agencies in hazardous situations?
FBI and FEMA (federal emergency management agencies)
In traffic stops, what is phase 2 of a DWI?
Face to face interview and observation of violator while in car. Begins with you approaching the car and ends with the violator exiting the car.
FAST (stroke)
Face, Arm, Speech, Time
NC 14- 288.5
Failure to disperse when commanded
AOC Standard Form
Form for Civil Process Form Number is at bottom (CV = Civil Process) Ex. AOC-CV-1040
In traffic stops, what is phase 3 of a DWI?
Formal psychophysical tests and preliminary breath testing.
Where can SDS be acquired?
From the manufacturer of the material, the supplier, the shipper, an emergency response center such as CHEMTREC, or the facility hazard communication plan.
In traffic stops, with known risk, where should you tell front seat and back seat occupants to place their hands?
Front seat occupants should place their hands palms up on the windshield. Backseat occupants should place their hands on the rear window or on their heads fingers interlocked.
What are some types of fixed facilities? (in hazardous situations)
Fuel storage facilities Gas/service station (and convenience stores) Paint supply stores (go to page 20 of lesson plan for full list)
In patrolling, officers sometimes need to send out death notifications, what are referrals that officers need to give to the survivor?
Funeral arrangements. Coroner officer procedures. Police procedures. Prosecutor/ district attorney procedures. Court procedures. How to view the body. Support groups. Victim assistance.
What is the general statute in determining the use of force when an inmate attempts to escape?
GS 15A-401
What are examples of tank trucks?
Gasoline petroleum tanks Corrosive liquid carriers Propane tankers Cryogenic carriers Dry bulk
How do you check for a chest fracture?
Gently compress the sides of the ribs. If there is pain, broken ribs may be indicated.
How do you check for a pelvis fracture?
Gently pressing the hips together, then pressing down toward the floor on the outer edges of the pelvis.
What are some warning signs of suicide?
Getting affairs in order; giving away personal possessions. Saying comments "everyone will be better off without me". Being depressed to being happy - rapid change. Feelings of hopelessness. Talking about killing. An unusual preoccupation with death or dying. Acting recklessly.
What is the most severe condition of a head injury?
Going unconscious and then conscious.
in a traffic stop, what do you need to have an unfit operator of a vehicle be reexamined by the DMV?
Good and sufficient cause to believe that a licensed operator is incompetent or otherwise not qualified to be licensed, may, upon written notice of at least five days to such licensee, require him to submit to a reexamination
which items require one mark? (crash investigation)
Gouges - less than 3 feet across, marked in the middle if small groups. Splatter areas less than 3 feet across - mark in middle. Scrubs, grooves, less than 3 feet long - mark in middle. Vehicle parts.
What color pages in the guide book are Isolation and evacuation tables?
Green pages contains a table that lists materials by ID number, which provides two different types of recommended safe distances; initial isolation distances and protective action distances.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)
Group of developmental disabilities that affects a person's ability to understand what he/she sees, hears, and otherwise senses. Brain disorder that impacts communication, social interaction, and behavior.
Cerebral palsy
Group of disorders that affect a person's ability to move and maintain balance and posture. Many have related conditions such as intellectual disability, seizures, problems with vision, hearing or speech, changes in the spine (such as scoliosis) or joint problems (such as contractures).
Which riot targets the police and tends to use army tactics with weapons?
Guerrilla riot
What chemical agents can be used for crowd control?
HC (Hexachlorethane) - Smoke CN (Chloroacetophenone) CS (Orthochlorobenzalmalononitrile) Oleoresin capsicum (OC) products
During protests, what can officers do in order to obtain communication and liaisons?
Identify leaders. Attend group meetings. Use informants. Identity local and out town militants. Report to supervisors.
Court Liaison Officer
Has the responsibility of ensuring that testifying officers are notified of the date, time, and place to appear for trial or other proceedings; also reviewing citations for completeness and accuracy
For a DWI in traffic stops, there has to be 2 things present: a chemical analysis test (prohibited blood alcohol concentration) and ______ to prove your case.
Has to be "appreciably impairing" a person. Meaning that it's noticeable.
2 types of tourniquets
Hasty and deliberate
In traffic stops, with known risk, where should you tell the driver to put keys after turning off the car?
Have driver remove keys from ignition with left hand. Place them on roof, trunk, or bring keys back.
what results from heat exhuastion?
Headache, weakness, dizziness, nausea, clammy skin
heat exhaustion is defined as:
Heat-related illness, lack of water and salt/fluids due to sweating.
in regards to crowds, what is Emotionality
High degree of emotional tension, excitement, anger, and fear may drive the crowd to act out
North Carolina Controlled Substance Schedule 1 - list examples too
High potential abuse Not accepted as medical use Lack of acceptance of safety - even for treatment under medical supervision. Ex: Heroin, LSD, MDMA (or ecstacy), Mephedrone and MDPV (bath salts
North Carolina Controlled Substance Schedule 2 - list examples too
High potential for abuse Accepted medically some with severe restrictions May lead to severe psychic or physical dependence Ex. opium, cocaine, methamphetamine, Ritalin, Dilaudid, morphine, and oxycodone
In regards to patrol techniques, what is Conspicuous patrol?
High visibility patrol with random movement in marked patrol cars.
What are things to consider when identifying the inmate?
History of escape or escape attempts. Institutional discipline history. History of assaults. Outstanding charges or detainer. Emotional or mental instability. Medical history. Gang member. Previous charges.
State the importance of an officer's reputation for truthfulness.
Honesty, professionalism, and a neat and clean appearance. Be reasonable and play fair. Only charge when there is probable cause. Become a thorough investigator. Maintain reputation so that the opinions of others are well of you. Good reputation leads to credibility. Always maintain professionalism in and out of the job. (no social media)
which situations require tactical teams?
Hostage rescue and Injured officer/civilian rescues
What are 3 elements of preserving evidence in a traffic crash?
Human - impairment, experience, actions Vehicle(s) - size and equipment Environment - weather, road conditions, animals.
which method of meth production yield multi-pound quantities of high quality meth and preferred method of synthesis among Mexican trafficking organizations?
Hydriodic acid/red phosphorus
what are the 5 meth production methods?
Hydriodic acid/red phosphorus Iodine/red phosphorus Iodine/hypophosphorous acid. Birch reduction/Nazi method. "One pot" or "shake and bake" method
Synthetic cathinones schedule
I
Number one thing to do when responding to WMD scene?
ISOLATE
Statutory law
Imposes all drivers including law enforcement officers to operate their vehicles safely.
Before transporting an inmate, what should the officer do?
Identify the inmate Consider the destination. Restrain inmate. Inventory all items DO NOT place complete faith in restraint devices. Officers should have all equipment like body armor, loaded weapons and anything else needed.
A traffic citation should include:
Identity crime being charged - date, people involved, etc. the name and address of the person cited or other identification if that cannot be ascertained. Identify the officer issuing the citation. Cite the person to whom issued to appear in a designated court at a designated time and date.
What should you do when preparing to transport an inmate?
Identity yourself. Check the safety, security and welfare of the inmate. Retrain with handcuffs and leg restraints. Search thoroughly before being put into the car
In traffic stops, when can you frisk the vehicle of the violator?
If an officer has reasonable suspicion a person is dangerous they are allowed to frisk for weapons of the passenger compartment NOT trunk or containers without warrant - for safety.
What is the states rebuttal?
If the defendant does present witnesses and evidence, the prosecutor has the opportunity to rebut any statements made during the defense's case. The attorneys use the phrase "the State (or defense) rests" to indicate that all the evidence has been presented and all the witnesses have been heard.
How will the contact ream arrest the suspect?
If the suspect drops the weapon, the contact team can come in handcuffs. To maintain security, put the suspect prone on the floor before approaching. The point guard will move past and continue to provide coverage while rear guard also provides rear security. The two (2) wing officers will move up using the cover and contact principles and handcuff the suspect. Exit, with wing officers controlling the suspect. Point/rear will be security.
In a civil summons, if the defendant does not provide an answer, what happens?
If they don't reply, the plaintiff gets the amount of relief sought - w/o trial.
What components make up instruments and controls?
Ignition switch Selector lever and gear indicator quadrant Steering wheel Accelerator pedal Brake pedal Parking brake and indicator light Speedometer and odometer Alternator gauge/light Temperature gauge/light Oil pressure gauge/light Fuel gauge Headlight high-beam indicator and shifter Directional lights indicator and shifter Cruise or speed control and indicator Windshield wiper control
There are three alternatives for the person in charge to consider when faced with a bomb threat:
Ignore the threat Evacuate immediately (Move 300 feet from building) Search and evacuate if warranted.
What are environmental violations?
Illegal disposal of hazardous waste Export of hazardous waste without the permission of the receiving country Illegal discharge of pollutants to a water of the United States The removal and disposal of regulated asbestos containing materials in a manner inconsistent with the law and regulations Illegal importation of certain restricted or regulated chemicals into the United States Tampering with a drinking water supply Mail fraud/wire fraud Conspiracy Money laundering relating to environmental criminal activities
ICE
Immigration and Customs Enforcement
what to do if the neck is tender?
Immobilize the head, around the head not the neck.
When do officers need to comply with state laws when driving?
In non emergency responses, there are some exceptions during emergency responses.
sunset provision
Indicating a specific date when the alert expires
For patrol techniques, what are 3 concerns dealing with animal bite situations?
Infection Transmitting disease Locating the animal
Bloodborne Pathogens
Infectious microorganisms in human blood that can cause disease in humans.
What is the "Process of taking in materials through the mouth by means other than simple inhalation."?
Ingestion
What are some routes of entry of hazardous materials?
Ingestion, inhalation, injection, absorption
G.S. 15A-521(c)
Inmates need to be escorted by LEO's
Can inmates eat in the car? If so, must they be restrained? Do you eat as well?
Inmates should eat in the vehicle with restraints on (do not eat until they have eaten).
dermis
Inner layer of skin
How do you check for lower extremities/upper extremities?
Inspect the legs for injury and mobility. -DCAPBTLS -check pulse
Types of developmental disabilities
Intellectual disability, autism, traumatic brain injury, cerebral palsy
In relation to drug enforcement, what are the 3 forms of patrol response?
Intelligence gathering Street observations Open air drug markets
signs and symptoms of Hallucinogens
Intensified mood, feelings, and sensory experiences Nausea Dazed appearance Disoriented or uncoordinated Body tremors Hallucinations Possibly violent and combative Distorted perceptions of time and distance
Three specific types of wrongs
Intentional negligence strict liability
In regards to patrol techniques, what are psychological factors?
Interest Emotions Prejudices
covert surveillance definition in controlled substance
Investigators may rely on officers to gather information to determine if a crime is being planned, has been committed or other important information (ex. undercover detective)
In crowd management, what is a Mass Demonstration?
Involves hundreds or more of people. These can be nonviolent but because of the high number of people, it's overwhelming for LE agencies. Ex. protest march
Coordinate method of measuring (crash investigation)
Involves taking two measurements from a reference point. Officers need to record both the distance and direction for each measurement. The edge of the roadway is often a good location for a baseline unless the roadway is curved or irregular.
which method of meth production has a high yield of meth and is dangerous which can result in explosives or fires bc of the phosphine gas used?
Iodine/hypophosphorous acid.
which method of meth production yields high quality of meth - used when hydriodic acid supplies are limited?
Iodine/red phosphorus
What is the main goal in large scale disturbances with insufficient forces to control a crowd?
Isolation. restrict access, clear buildings, by using barricades, roadblocks, and perimeter control.
In patrolling, what are suggestions officers can give to both parties?
Landlords must get a summary ejection eviction order before the tenant is forced to leave. Referrals to attorney, magistrate or civil court. With no criminal violation, calm parties and defer. Suggest them to arrange a hearing with an authority.
In relation to drugs, reasonable suspicion is ___ and ___. meaning that it is ___ and ___.
It is objective and particularized, meaning that it is impartial and detailed
Why are you protected by the good samaritan law?
It is your primary duty to deliver that service
What is debris?
It's broken parts, dirt or fluid dislodged from the vehicle.
If an inmate has items with them, how will those items be transported?
Items with inmates will be transported by another vehicle -- not your car!
What striking motions using the riot baton, for crowd control?
Jab or short thrust. Two-handed push. Butt stroke. Reverse jab. Strike to the center muscle mass of upper and lower leg.
What are some reasons officers commit suicide?
Job stress. Family and marital problems. Firearms accessibility. Reluctant to seek help.
N.C.G.S. § 15A-1034
Judge "may order all persons entering or any person present and choosing to remain in the courtroom be searched for weapons or devices that could be used to disrupt or impede the proceedings and may require that belongings carried by persons entering the courtroom be inspected."
Considerations during night when driving?
Keep headlights and windshields clean. Reduce speed Keep instrument panel lights dim Watch beyond the headlights Avoid looking into glaring lights Increase following distance Do not wear sunglasses or tinted face shields at night Turn headlights on promptly, switch to low beam when meeting or following(300 feet) another vehicle.
What should officers do after taking control of a crowd?
Keep the crowd from reforming.
In patrolling, what is the important thing officers must remember when dealing with landlord-tenant disputes?
Know civil vs criminal law.
What are examples of synthetic drugs?
Kush, kryptonite, GI jane, spice, k2, bath salts (cloud nine or ivory wave or vanilla sky).
what are examples of hallucinogens?
LSD, psilocybin mushrooms, mescaline or peyote, salvia, Phencyclidine, ketamine, and ecstasy.
Clandestine laboratories
Labs can be used for the manufacturer of illegal drugs or explosive material.
what are some human factors to crashes?
Largest percentage of causes to crashes There is some act or failure to act, on the part of one or more drivers that contribute to the crash sequence. Examples include; impairment, unsafe driving practices, and inexperience.
Where should officers go if they need to use the restroom when transporting an inmate?
Law Enforcement Facilities.
"failure to protect" theory in driving
Law enforcement officers elected not to pursue an offender or to discontinue the pursuit, and some third party is subsequently injured as a result.
Four-responder restraint
Lead + 3 helpers. Lead communicates.
What are the different types of forms of terrorism and criminal extremism?
Left wing, Right Wing, Special/ Single interest groups.
In keeping officers safe, list two techniques of protection to use during crowd management?
Lessen the possibility of hostile group attack on officers. Give the officer time to consolidate resources to help diffuse, contain or disperse a crowd before a problem develops.
In regards to traffic techniques, what are constitutional requirements for conducting checkpoints?
License Registration DWI MV offenses
What are some incident priorities in hazardous situations?
Life Safety Incident stabilization Property and environnmental occurs
Initial actions of an officer-- what should they check first as a first responder?
Life threatening situations come first--- who can wait versus who needs critical assistance first.
LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) in patrol cars
Light Detection and Ranging, a remote sensing technique using the same principle as radar. The instrument transmits light to a target, some of which is reflected back to the instrument. The time for the light to travel out to the target and back is used to determine the range to the target
in regards to inhalants, what are solvents?
Liquids that become gas at room temperature. ex: gasoline, felt-tip marker fluid, correction fluid, paint thinner, lighter fluid, etc...
How to intervene in suicidal situation
Listen to the person. Remind them that emotional pain is overwhelming and show that you care. Be patient, stay with them. Talk openly.
What are Specialized resources in WMD situations?
Local bomb detection dogs and bomb technicians, if available. State Bureau of Investigation (SBI) Explosives Ordnance Detachment (military)
What are the 3 movement goals in an active shooter response?
Locate the threat - "move to contact" Isolate/limit the threat Confront, stop and apprehend the shooter
For patrol techniques, what do you need for prevention?
Locks need to be adequate. Openings to buildings are secure Night lights are burning. The safe is observable.
What if a guide number is highlighted?
Look for the ID number and name of the material in the table of initial isolation and protective action distances.
North Carolina Controlled Substance Schedule 4 - list examples too
Low potential for abuse Accepted medically Limited physical or psychological dependence Ex.Diazepam (Valium), Phentermine, Alprazolam (Xanax)
Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar)
Low sugar, high insulin.
magistrate
Magistrates try certain misdemeanor worthless check cases and civil suits designated as small claims cases.
For patrol techniques, how does an officer approach/interact with individuals who pose no threat?
Maintain a safe reactionary gap, observe the individual's hands and body movements, and maintain an appropriate interview stance
State five (5) things an officer should do (or refrain from doing) to ensure that courtroom demeanor, dress, and appearance are proper.
Make sure radio and telephones are off. Avoid unprofessional mannerisms. Be mindful of your hands. Use correct English and grammar. Know your audience when testifying. Speak in everyday terms not police "jargon". (go to lesson plan for full list)
Statement 2 for foreign nationals
Mandatory notification country, call as soon as possible. Not required to accept assistance but call MUST be made.
GSW technique for the abdomen
Manual pressure with dry dressing. Transport ASAP.
What are the types of disturbances?
Mass demonstration Civil disobedience Labor Disputes Idealistic protest Riot
Do most active shooters plan to survive?
No
In diabetic emergencies, what should you look for?
Medic alert jewelery
what means that the prisoner has been examined and evaluated by a doctor or other medical professional who, on the basis of his evaluation, has decided that the prisoner is medically fit to remain in the jail?
Medical clearance
Epinephrine auto-ejector
Medication that will help constrict the blood vessels and relax passages of the airway. goes into muscle.
What motivating factor of an informant works for money, thrills or rewards? Also, Criminal history but will comply bc they are paid.
Mercenary
what are examples of stimulants?
Methamphetamines and amphetamines, (used for ADHD, depression)
Prejudgment Remedy
Method used to enforce a right, redress an injury, prevent a violation of a right, or compensate for a violation of rights BEFORE a final judgement is decided in a civil action.
N.C.G.S. 75-1.1.
Methods of competition, acts and practices regulated; legislative policy
Forms of identification
Military ID ID passport alien registration card
Do plaintiffs of cases dealing with DV or protective orders - require them to pay the fee?
No
Do witnesses have to stay at a traffic crash?
No
Level C Protection in hazardous situations
Military battle dress garment. Also includes masks, chemical resistant clothing with a hood and an air-purifying respirator. Only should be used when there is no splash hazard; the air respirator can remove all anticipated contaminants and concentrations of chemical materials. Protection against airborne biological agents and radiological materials.
in traffic techniques, what are some resources to confirm documentation?
Mobile Data terminal, NCIC, CJ leads, booking/jail information, records management system.
What is human trafficking known as?
Modern Day Slavery
What are the 4 crowd control operations?
Monitor Containment Blocking Dispersion
What are some additional assistance that can be required at a crash scene?
More officers or a crash reconstruction team. Tow trucks. Utility companies - repair electrical, water or highway damage. Specialized units - environmental and health safety risks -- fluids or hazardous materials. Department of transportation for detour signs.
What was the usual motive of active shooters?
More than half of the attackers had revenge as a motive and over two-thirds had multiple reasons for their school-based attacks.
What to do if someone has hypothermia?
Move from cold. Remove any wet clothes Cover exposed areas Remove jewelry Do not rewarm people.
what are some safe movement principles for active shooter response?
Move to the sound of fire. Stay off walks. Be aware of points of cover. Stop behind cover. Gather intelligence as you move. Use senses; stop look listen. Watch for explosives. Pick a capture point. Communicate. Multiple suspects.
Human Smuggling
Moving a person illegally from one country to another in which the migrant is not a citizen or resident. This is done usually in exchange for money or some other material benefit.
Who can conduct a medical eval?
Must be conducted by a licensed health care professional.
What is the minimum fine for the charge of unlawful sale, surrender, or purchase of a minor?
Must pay minimum of $5000
In traffic stops, what are some disadvantages when issuing citations from the passenger side while violator remains in their car?
Must re-approach suspect vehicle. No ongoing contact with the violator. Not in immediate control of patrol vehicle if pursuit becomes necessary or if the officer is required to respond to another emergency.
Filing false lien or encumbrance Statute
N.C.G.S. 14-118.6.
Statute for terrorism
N.C.G.S. §14-10.1
when someone purchases Pseudoephedrine, where must the information of the purchase be entered?
NATIONAL PRECURSOR LOG EXCHANGE or NPLEx Includes - persons info, date, time, product name and signature
What is the general statute in NC, defining when crowds become disorderly? What are these types of crowds called?
NC 14-288.2 Riots
Info on gang activity available through what intelligence partnership?
NC GangNet.
in regards to traffic stops, who is responsible for stopping tractor trailers?
NC Highway Patrol
State sources for terrorism are
NC SBI ISAAC (Information Sharing and Analysis Center) Others (ALE, NCHP, DA)
Statute for Bailiff
NCGS § 17E-1
If the person with hypoglycemia is unconscious, do you give them food?
NO
Treatment of opioid overdose
Naloxone (narcan) is an antidote for opioid overdose for drugs such as Percocet, OxyContin, and heroin.
In patrolling, officers sometimes need to send out death notifications, what information should officers gather prior?
Name of person. Names of family members. Circumstances of death. Survivors address. Location of survivors.
NCIC
National Crime Information Center
Who escorts highly secure radioactive material?
National Nuclear Security Administration Office Secure Transportation (NNSA OST).
What is some information to report when responding in WMD situations?
Nature of incident Contaminated areas Wind direction and speed Best approaches to scene Description of crime scene perimeter Number and location of victims Suspect description On-scene responders Crowd control/scene security Secondary devices
signs and symptoms of Inhalants
Nausea, confusion, euphoria, dizziness, drowsiness Flushed face Slurred speech, lightheadedness Lack of coordination
What is required for a civil process to be valid?
Need to have a type of process and the party(s) involved. Copies need to be sent/served to defendant (s). Sheriff must serve the paper and make clear what the lawsuit is about and identify it to the complainant being served.
what are the types of chemicals?
Nerve agents, blister agent, blood agents, choking agents and irritating agents
Are mistakes of age and consent defenses?
No
Can a sheriff serve a civil process suit in a county to the county attorney?
No
In observing traffic, what is the stationary observation method?
Observation of traffic conditions at a selected place, usually one with a high crash rate or traffic flow problem, used especially to detect violations and deter possible violators
Crowd control plan/planned event allow officer to prepare by:
Observe spectators rather than the event. Avoid unnecessary conversation. Keep outside the crowd. Identify and watch crowd agitators.
What are things to consider when escorting an inmate to the hospital?
Obtain inmates medical records. Be alert. Always remain with the inmate.
What do you do if there is a prolapsed cord?
Occurs when the umbilical cord emerges through the birth canal instead of the baby. As the baby proceeds down the birth canal, he or she will put pressure on the cord, cutting the circulation between mother and baby. Place the mother in the knee-chest position.
In patrol techniques, what is a unknown risk situation?
Offer no threat but may be a veiled life-threatening situation. Greatest hazards to field law enforcement officers.
What changes the dynamics of the encounter with an active shooter?
Officer "presence"
What should you do when taking the oath and beginning your testimony?
Officers are given the preference to swear or affirm. Stand up straight with good posture. Have nothing in the hands. Place the left hand on the Bible and raise the right hand. Answer "I do" loudly, firmly, and sincerely. Most likely, the first question the district attorney will ask is: "Please state your name and rank."
in regards to traffic stops, with multiple occupants, what can officers do according to the supreme court?
Officers can order drivers/occupants to step outside because they are justified to do so since there are multiple people - for their safety.
What is the non traditional response in an active shooter situation?
Officers go on the offensive to stop the shooter immediately, and as a result, the presence of officers actively engaging the threat changes the dynamics of the active shooter scene.
What is the initial patient assessment?
Officers must identify problems, to see how serious it is.
In conducting a vehicle stop, what are steps with the officer and violator contact?
Officers need to identify themselves, their department and tell the violator the reason for stopping. Ask the violator to give a drivers license and registration card. Explain what action is being taken. It''s officer discretion whether to tell the driver if they are getting a citation or warning. Make sure to keep all occupants seated.
In regards to traffic patrol, officers need to do what first when testifying about speed?
Officers need to testify to their opinion first then by the speed instrument.
In patrolling, officers sometimes need to send out death notifications, where should this be given once the officer arrives at the survivors home?
Officers should ask to go into the residence, they should not give the news to them on their doorstep.
For patrol techniques, how does an officer approach/interact with individuals who pose a threat?
Officers should do the same as those who pose no threat, keep close eye on them, their movements and be observant.
For crowd control, how can officers take control of lawful demonstrations?
Officers should dress normal. Liaison between officers and demonstrators. Use of probation and parole officers to identify troublemakers.
How can an officer seek an involuntary commitment?
Officers will file an affidavit and petition for commitment and a custody order, and evaluation will be performed by a licensed clinician. If the criteria is met the respondent will be placed into a licensed twenty-four hour facility for treatment.
In traffic stops, with known risk, using SCAT you should: A. Tell drivers to walk backwards to the passenger side of the patrol vehicle B. Order driver to go prone/ kneeling position C. Cuff, search, and secure driver in the patrol vehicle D. Give any other passengers the exact same order only changing direction of movements. E. Fill in blank.
Once all visual occupants have been secured give additional commands toward vehicle for any hiding occupants if no one comes out after 3-4 commands, secure vehicle
How do you conduct a strip search?
Only done with reasonable suspicion. Another officer must be there. Same procedure as above; lift lips (mouth). Do not touch inmates. VISUAL inspections only. Visual inspect the pubic area, only medical personnel can search if you believe contraband is hidden. Females must lift breasts. Inmates should be asked to spread cheeks, or to squat and cough.
When is it safe to evacuate an active shooter response?
Only evacuate when all safe conditions are set, and evacuation can be executed in an orderly and systematic manner.
In relation to drugs, in conducting a frisk of a person, are you looking for drugs or weapons?
Only for weapons NOT drugs.
When conducting a checkpoint, when can an officer use a portable breath test (PBT)?
Only if there is reasonable suspicion the driver has consumed alcohol, or there is an open container.
In relation to drugs, when can you conduct a search of a car for incident to arrest?
Only occurs when a person is unsecured, and within reaching distance of the passenger area, when search is conducted. The officer believes that there is evidence in the car for the arrest.
What color pages in the guide book are Response guides?
Orange pages are most important because they provide safety recommendations and general hazards information.
epidermis
Outer layer of skin
Where should the extra ignition key be hidden?
Outside of your vehicle.
How many patrol vehicles were involved in collisions?
Over 25,000
what percent of attackers developed their idea for the incident at least two weeks prior to the attack?
Over 50%
In traffic stops, consent searches of vehicles need to be verbal, non verbal or written and they must be obtained from:
Owner of vehicle. Person whose operating the vehicle. If the owner is there but not driving and the driver says no, the owner can override the consent.
What is the proper use of a fire extinguisher, using PASS
P - Pull the pin breaking the thin wire or plastic seal. A - Aim the nozzle at the base of the fire. S -Squeeze the handles together to release the agent. S - Sweep the nozzle back and forth at the base of the fire to cover the burning material.
List illegal controlled substances produced in clandestine labs
PCP, LSD, Ecstasy, GHB, cocaine, meth, DMT
What type of traffic crashes involve extensive property damage to vehicles or other property?
PD crashes
What are ways to protect the public and scene responders when responding to a traffic crash?
Park in a visible area and protect the crash scene. TIMS - Traffic Incident Management System Position car away from evidence, but barricade scene. Emergency warning devices - lights, flares, signs. Block street or roadway within crash. Do not stand in the open lane when note taking. Wear a vest. First aid to injured parties.
stroke
Part of the brain has been damaged due to bleeding or blockage of an artery by a blood clot or atherosclerosis.
What components make up the protective system?
Passive safety belts Airbags Head restraints Door locks
In regards to synthetic drugs, in what form are they taken?
People snort, swallow or smoke. (pills/ powders)
Medical identification jewelry or cards
People with special medical problems, i.e., heart disease, epilepsy, or diabetes, wear or carry medical alert symbols as notification.
Level D Protection in hazardous situations
Personal protective equipment that affords the lowest level of respiratory and skin protection.
What motivating factor of an informant is most dangerous and disruptive. They want to know about the LE agency.
Perverse
What is the other name for: - plaintiff -defendant -complainant In special proceedings?
Petitioner = plaintiff Defendant = respondent Complaint = petition
In traffic stops, what is phase 1 and phase 2 and phase 3 of DWI?
Phase 1 - Vehicle in motion Phase II - personal contact Phase III - Pre-arrest screening
What are some barriers when communicating with someone who has a mental illness?
Physical barriers. Officers body language. Failing to utilize active and empathic listening. Make sure you listen to them. Being judgemental or minimizing. Engaging in power struggles / being authoritative.
Who fills out the Examination and Recommendation to Determine Necessity for Involuntary Commitment, Form # DMH 5-72-01?
Physician or phycologist.
In crowds, what is lawful in protests?
Picketing, parades and marches
signs and symptoms of Narcotics/opiates/opioids
Pin-point pupils Itching or flushed skin Skin picking Flushed complexion
In meth labs, what are some booby traps to be aware of?
Pipe bombs, translucent fishing hooks hanging from ceilings near door entrances, hand grenades, "toe-tappers" and aluminum foil mini bombs
What are examples of drug paraphernalia?
Pipes, roach clips, bongs, spoons, scales, straws, chillums, grinders, syringes
what are restrictions on buying Pseudoephedrine?
Placing these products behind the counter, not open shelves. Not selling without prescription to people under 18 Ask for ID Asking retailers to keep log of transactions Limiting sell of it
How should officers dress when transporting a person in custody for involuntary commitment?
Plain clothes
Plain view vs plain smell in regards to traffic stops relating to drugs
Plain view - you can seize it. Plain smell - US vs Scheetz - you can search vehicles.
What are the 6 components of a raid?
Plan Prepare Intelligence gathering Coordination Execution Safety
intangible objects + examples (crash investigation)
Points that the officer places at the scene and must be related to and measured from a tangible reference point. ex. - Points at which extended curb lines intersect. - Points located on the roadway, which are a measured distance from a tangible reference point.
Radio Detection and Ranging (RADAR) in patrol cars
Police radar transmits radio waves at a fixed frequency. ... If the target is moving, a slight change in frequency occurs (Doppler shift). The radar does the heavy math and calculates target speed.
What components make up the emergency system of your vehicle?
Police radio Siren control Emergency light control Public address system Spotlight control
If a person with mental illness shows these signs, EMS needs to be contacted:
Poor general impression. Unresponsive. Responsive, but not following commands. Difficulty breathing. Shock. Complicated childbirth. Chest pain (systolic blood < 100). Uncontrolled bleeding. Severe pain.
N.C.G.S. 14-100.1.
Possession or manufacture of certain fraudulent forms of identification
North Carolina Controlled Substance Schedule 3 - list examples too
Potential use for abuse - less than 1 and 2. Accepted for medical use Abuse leads to moderate or low physical dependence or high psychological dependence. Ex. hydrocodone, ketamine, and anabolic steroids
Potential indicators of a suspicious letter or package which may contain a bomb or hazardous material include:
Powdery substance on an exterior portion of the package Package or envelope is unexpected or from someone unfamiliar to the addressee Excessive postage LOOK AT PAGE 61 FOR FULL LIST
POA
Power of attorney a legal document authorizing a person to act as another person's legal representative or agent
For mental preparation of crowd control for officers, what should they prepare individuals for?
Prepare individuals for physical and mental stress of civil disturbance control operations.
What are examples of Railcars tanks?
Pressurized Non pressurized Bulk carriers
a written commitment order must be required for what?
Pretrial detainees Convicted inmates Probation revocation Writs Federal inmates Witnesses Confinement in response to violation.
5 phases of WMD
Prevention and deterrence Intelligence gathering and sharing General indicators Dispersal devices used to disperse chemical and biological agents Radiological dispersal devices
In regards to patrol techniques, what is inconspicuous patrol?
Primary purpose is to catch the criminal in the act and make apprehensions. (unmarked cars, apprehension vs prevention)
For traffic control procedures, what are the primary and secondary purpose of directing accident scenes?
Primary purpose is to provide access and protection to traffic investigators. Secondary purpose is to facilitate traffic flow even if restricted.
In a traffic stop, in order to warrantless search a vehicle; it must be in a public place and you need _____.
Probable cause.
What are the 3 body positions?
Prone- lying Supine- lying face up Lateral recumbent- laying on either side
In regards to traffic techniques, which phase of enforcement action consists of "the officer identifies, fathers evidence, makes a charge, prepares a complete and accurate report of the incident and presents everything to the prosecutor. Officers must give testimony at court. The proctor reviews the evidence and reports and presents the case to court"
Prosecution
What do prosecutors do during the trial?
Prosecutors present physical evidence and testimony. Prove "beyond reasonable doubt". Witness is directly examined by the prosecutor.
When patrolling, officers encounter attractive nuisances - what should they do?
Protect children by checking locations of possibilities. Remind owners to correct issues. If children are present ask them to leave and notify parents.
In responding to WMD siutations, FBI can assist by:
Providing perimeter security Providing manpower to support searches and related operations Assisting in damage assessment Providing on-site law enforcement support (detention and/or arrest of trespassers, etc.)
Ingredient for meth that is needed
Pseudoephedrine, also known as Pseudo or Sudo for short, OR ephedrine
State-operated facilities of mental health resources
Psychiatric hospitals Child mental health facilities Alcohol and drug abuse treatment centers Neuro-medical treatment centers Developmental centers
a written commitment order is not required for what?
Public intoxicated individuals Parole revocation Bond surrender of surety Quick dip confinement
What is gravity?
Pulls object to ground
preliminary injunctions
Purpose is to prevent the parties from harming one another during the litigation.
What are some Improvised lab equipment of Clandestine Lab Operations?
Pyrex, glass or Corning ware containers, mason jars, plastic bottles, funnels, etc.
What are requirements for visually estimating the speed of a vehicle and clocking vehicles by use of a speedometer?
RADAR, LIDAR and time distance computers
This type of riot is between different ethnic and religious groups.
Race riot
In patrol techniques, what are some devices used in forced entry?
Rams and sledgehammers.
GSW technique for the head
Rapid transport only.
signs and symptoms of cocaine
Rapidity of speech (low dose) or Slowing of speech (high dose) Agitated appearance or high energy Sedated appearance (high dose) High pulse Dilated pupils
In cocaine, what is low dose and high dose?
Rapidity of speech (low dose) or Slowing of speech (high dose)
List some follow up investigation steps of traffic-related crimes
Re- interview victims and witnesses. Canvas the dear where the crime occurred. Follow up on information obtained from witness or victim. Package and transmit evidence to the lab. Solicit cooperation of media and informants. Develop a suspect, attempt to locate. Take action; arrest, interrogation evidence, submit reports, prepare summary for DA.
pupils of the eye signs
Reaction to light stimulus, for equality in size, and whether they are dilated or constricted.
For crowd control methods, the amount of force must be:
Reasonable Necessary Lawful
In traffic stops, for a DWI, the officer must have 2 things:
Reasonable suspicion - specific and articulable facts. Probable cause for arrest. - gather evidence.
What does OSHA do in regards to regulating hazardous materials?
Recognize the presence or potential presence of a hazardous material Recognize the type of container at a site and identify the material in it if possible Transmit information to an appropriate authority and call for appropriate assistance Identify actions to protect themselves and others from hazards Establish scene control by isolating the hazardous area and denying entry
signs and symptoms of Cannabis
Redness of eyes Odor of marijuana Altered sense of time, changes in mood, impaired body movement / memory Body and eyelid tremors Relaxed inhibitions Increased appetite
What are reasons for police patrol?
Reduces opportunity of crime.
What do you do when coming into contact with someone who has PTSD?
Remain patient and calm. Do not treat them as if they have PTSD.
In escorting inmate to funeral home or ill relative, what should you do?
Remain polite. Never let inmates out of sight. Do not let inmates receive any articles from anyone, as well as do not accept anything. Never remove restraints, unless your policies and procedures differ. Report in writing any unusual things. If an inmate is disobedient, return to the institution. Act with diplomacy, understanding, and good judgment. Safety first. Search transport vehicle before returning inmate.
What are effective non verbal de escalation methods?
Remaining calm. Lowering volume of voice. Avoid "im in command" presence. Lower yourself, physically. Open posture to make personal connection. Interview stance.
stationary surveillance definition in controlled substance
Remaining in one location, parked from the car, watching the suspect.
In traffic stops, how do you inspect documentation? (RLTE)
Remove - Make certain that the document is removed from any wallet or protective covering. Look - Look for any basic security features - damage, alterations, etc. Touch/feel - Does the [document] feel thick? Examine - Examine [the document] using back lighting with flashlight, headlamp, or other forms of indirect light.
How do you conduct a clothed body search?
Remove outer clothing, empty pockets, and place items away from the inmate. Inmate must stand with his back to you, feet apart and arms extended. From behind, use both hands at forehead and run a large tooth comb through hair. You can use hands but there can be dangerous items, wear gloves. Look through nose, ears, mouth - tell inmate to remove ALL jewelry. Check shoulder, armpit and continue down to hand. Use both hands. Examine chest area - across and down middle. Females need to unhook bra, lean over, check bra straps then pull on the front of the bra. Move to the stomach, then to the back. Check your waist, inside as well. Go to legs and groin. Push up cheeks. Use both hands for each leg. Items do not return to inmates. ALWAYS WEAR GLOVES - DIFFERENT ONES FOR EACH SEARCH.
What should you do when conducting a cell search, and you come across broken items of the inmate or contraband?
Report broken items and maintain order of contraband found.
What do you need to do in response to environmental crime?
Report for the following: Strong, offensive, or unusual chemical odors Large numbers of dead birds, fish, or other animals Pipes or valves appear hidden or bypass waste treatment systems Tank trucks discharging into drains, manholes, or bodies of water Oily slicks on bodies of water Drums or containers dumped at odd hours in out-of-the-way places Corroded, leaking waste containers.
When must you fill out a DMV 349?
Reportable crashes
List steps to investigate - A motor vehicle crash involving special circumstances
Request immediate help. (Officers, crash investigators, crash reconstruction personnel). Monitor radio traffic from FD, EMS, other officers, etc. Secure scene. (Do not move evidence until marked and measured). Request the first responders on scene to stop traffic from traveling through the crash scene. *Process the scene first. If rollover, call fire dept. Relay any information obtained to all of the responding units, especially the fire department units, so they can prepare before arrival.
Cash Bond
Requirement that money be posted to secure pretrial release.
cash bond
Requirement that money be posted to secure pretrial release.
In regards to traffic techniques, what are some things to consider with using approximation?
Requires lots of experience. an officer must first form an independent opinion as to the speed of a vehicle even when the officer plans to utilize a speed measuring instrument later to measure the speed. The speed measuring instrument is only used to corroborate the independent opinion of the officer. Officers need to testify to their opinion first then by the speed instrument. With no opinion, the instrument used for speed is not admitted to court.
What does a property bond need?
Requires photo ID and statement of tax value property
What if friction?
Resistance between two (2) objects when they rub against each other.
Emergency Response Guidebook
Resource detailing common hazards and proper responses
what is damage to roadside objects?
Roadway shoulders may show signs that the vehicle has left the ground (went airborne) at some point. Officers should look for the sudden absence of tire impressions and signs of a "landing."
date rape drug
Rohypnol (roofies)
What are other agencies to contact in regards to a meth scene?
SBI, DLE, fire/ hazmat team, environmental and public health agencies, EMS, social services, child services
systematic driving method "SIPDE."
SIPDE search identify predict decide execute
identification colors for crowd control chemical agents
SMOKE - yellow CN - red CS - blue OC - orange CR - violent DM - green
What are some route selection factors?
SPACE MANAGEMENT -Avoid roads with heavy traffic -Avoid locations with heavy pedestrian traffic -Avoid slow moving traffic areas like construction, bad roads -Select roads with easy line of sight conditions, as in being able to see everything versus roads with hills/curves -One way streets are good for avoiding oncoming traffic. -Pay attention to traffic density, day of the week, road, weather, visibility.
How to use the guidebook
STEP ONE: identify material, 4 digit ID, material name, find placard if first two options do not work, if no options work go to guide 111. STEP TWO: - Find 3-digit guide number - In ID number index(yellow pages) or in name of material index(blue page) STEP THREE: Turn to the numbered Guide (orange-bordered pages) and read carefully and completely (both pages).
first responder actions for meth labs
Safety "Step back and get out"
What are the 2 methods of conducting selective traffic enforcement?
Saturation patrol and checking station.
When arriving to the detention center with inmate, what should you do?
Scan area. Examine restraints, secureness. Search inmates. Contact individuals who will take in inmates. Verify identity of intake officer and check paperwork. Remove restraints. Release to destination facility along with inmate personal belongings.
MDMA (molly or ecstasy) Schedule
Schedule 1 - comes in colors and forms like pills, gel capsules or tablets.
In screened vehicles, what are things to consider when transporting an inmate?
Search Inmates in vehicle. Inmates must have a seatbelt and shoulder harness if available. Only inmates should occupy the rear screened area of the vehicle. Up to three inmates can be transported by a screened vehicle. If multiple inmates are being transported there should be more officers.
After the inmate is released to the detention center, what should you do after?
Search your car and document it. Document the transport. 1. Arrival time. 2. Property and equipment. 3. Problems. 4. Expenditures needed for departmental reimbursements and complete the forms.
SIPDE
Search, Identify, Predict, Decide, Execute
What components make up comfort system of your vehicle?
Seat adjustment Climate control Mirrors, inside and outside
What are components of the occupant protection system of your vehicle?
Seatblets, automatic seatbelt, airbags
In protests, what are countermeasure operations, which can enhance control force operations and safety?
Secure public and residential areas. Provide barricades. Looting (DART- dispersal arrest rescue team). Team work.
What are things to consider when transporting an inmate to a courtroom?
Secure the inmate. Report time of departure and take different routes. Make sure correct paperwork is filled out.
Once you arrive to the courtroom, what should you do? (in regards to going for an inmate trial)
Secure your sidearm. Search lockup room. Then secure the inmate in lockup. Give documents to the clerk of court. Check the courtroom for hidden weapons and contraband. Once notified for hearing of the case, enter lockup and secure the inmate then proceed to the courtroom.
open surveillance definition in controlled substance
Security cameras businesses use that deter clients from stealing -- Footage from these cameras can be useful in various ways, such as identifying a possible suspect, etc.
febrile seizures
Seizures that result from sudden spike in body temp
What are some things to consider when transporting an inmate?
Selection and preparation of the vehicle Possible vehicle accidents Securing and placement of the prisoner in the vehicle Acquiring prisoner information Transporting special needs prisoners Gender of the prisoner (go to page 15 for the full list)
Trace the path of a case from trial to appeal in North Carolina.
Selection of the jury Opening statements Prosecution Defense States rebuttal Closing arguments Instructions to the jury Jury deliberations Announcement of verdict The sentencing Appeal
For patrol techniques, when can an officer use deadly force on animals?
Self defense. Prevent harm. When an animal is injured badly.
What is information to obtain when responding to a hazardous situation?
Sequence of events Smoke or vapors Unusual tastes or odors Symptoms of illness Containers, spray devices, laboratory equipment Description of fires (color of fire or smoke) Out of place person(s) or things
What are forms of exploitation?
Sexual, Labor, Servile marriage.
in regards to crowds, what is Homogeneity of mental state (group mindset)
Share common attitudes, opinions, dissatisfaction, and frustration.
Who conducts a Notice of hearing - power of sale foreclosure?
Sheriff Deputy
Who can serve items of civil process?
Sheriff or sheriff deputy. Municipal law enforcement - rarely. Plaintiffs can also serve defendants by mail.
One-Rescuer Assist
Short distances (difficult for the rescuer, slower, and is less controlled).
platoon
Should consist of three or four squads. One officer should be designated as the leader. Three platoons form one company.
What do you do if there is a breech delivery?
Should not be attempted.
squads
Should not be less than eight or more than twelve officers. One will be the leader. Smaller agencies use less than 4.
When can chemical agents be used for crowd control?
Should only be used when the crowd is disorderly to the extent of throwing objects, physically attacking officers, or there is an imminent threat of either.
What are goals when working as the perimeter team?
Shrink the perimeter Provide a safe area for the evacuation of injured Cut off suspect escape routes Allow for the evacuation of a portion of the building
Which crowds are characterized by their common bond, curiosity seekers, mostly cooperative, and sometimes anxious to assist?
Sightseer or sightseeing crowd
what are the 5 sections of a bond document that an officer must review before releasing an inmate?
Signature Company seal and/or insurance certificate Date Amount of money that has been entered When and where the detainee is to appear for trial
6 things needed for a AOC CR 200 order are: A. Subject name. B. Offense charged. C. Provisions for release of subject. D. Order for commitment addressed to a specific detention facility. E. Directions for disposition must be indicated. F. _______
Signature and office of judicial officer.
N.C.G.S. 14-118.1.
Simulation of court process in connection with collection of claim, demand, or account.
20-157
Sirens and lights
signs and symptoms of Depressants
Slurred/thick speech Drowsiness, lack of coordination Confusion Nystagmus - involuntary movement of eyes
One of the most forged documents are what?
Social Security Card
Peeping Tom - in regards to prisoners
Someone who observes people in the nude or sexually active people, mainly for his own gratification.
What is meant by officer assisted suicide?
Sometimes people who are suicidal will try to attack you in order for you to kill them. Remember your safety is paramount and act accordingly.
triage
Sorting multiple casualties into priorities for emergency care or transportation to definitive care.
Open-Air Drug Markets
Surrounded by apartment complexes, shopping malls, isolated sections. Has accessibility to traffic - escape routes.
Considerations for "With due regard for the safety of others" in driving
Speed Pedestrian and vehicle traffic Intersections Weather Time of day Obstructions to vision; trees, hills, etc. Roads; narrow, wirde, bridges, etc. Vehicle conditions - brakes, steering, etc. Familiarity with roads.
In patrolling, a successful raid has three (3) key factors:
Speed, surprise and simplicity.
What are some large riot control formations?
Squad Platoon Vehicles
What are two (2) primary categories of precautions recommended by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC)?
Standard precautions and transmission based precautions.
In conducting building searches for bomb threats what should the officer do?
Start exterior then work interior. Once inside, start from low and work up. Begin in most accessible areas to the public and those areas with service equipment. Mark areas search to avoid duplication. Use caution If the package is found, contact the bomb squad. Once the package is found, evacuate the area then proceed with the rest of the building. If time is reported, everyone must evacuate within 15 mins of that time except the bomb squad. DO NOT declare area safe, declare that nothing was found. Do not touch found items, let the bomb squad handle it.
types of state false identification
State drivers license State ID
What are operators negligence?
State tort liability Negligence Legal Duty (common law, statutory law, agency policy) Public Duty
List steps to investigate -Fatalities/vehicular homicides:
Statements from all involved. Medical information as well. Obtain info on driver or pedestrian. Take note of alcohol use, drug use, medication (prescribed and actual use), illness, lack of sleep. Take detailed measurements. Contact medical examiner. Photos. Vehicle inspections to determine if it caused crash. DA for criminal charges - if needed.
In observing traffic, what is the conspicuous observation method?
Stationary observation in which the observer remains in full view of traffic (attempts to attract as much attention as possible to deter violations). Useful when officers are completing routine paperwork in a marked patrol car and choose a site clearly visible to a high traffic volume.
In regards to patrol techniques, how does conspicuous patrol deter people from committing crime?
Staying in public's eyes. Patrolling troubled areas. Interviewing potential criminals.
Where type of dressing is placed on the ear/nose for head injuries? What does this dressing do?
Sterile, fights off infections.
What are some special concerns for off-road recovery?
Stop accelerating, do not brake. Be slow.
In pursuing someone on foot, when do you stop the chase?
Stop the chase when you lose sight of the subject
Trafficking Victims Protection Act (TVPA)
Strengthened federal criminal laws that prohibit human trafficking, created immigration relief for victims, and authorized benefits for those who qualify.
Inhalants
Substances whose fumes are sniffed or inhaled to give effect
first degree burn
Superficial burns. Outer layer of skin is affected. Skin is red, swollen, and painful. Looks like a sunburn with no blistering. *Only epidermis is damaged
What are the two mindsets of law enforcement an active shooter situation?
Surround and contain (most crises) Non-traditional response
Methamphetamine
Synthetic drug - not natural. Produced in Mexico - powder form mostly but can be crystalized and liquid at time.
T/F. There should always be appropriate signs posted notifying the public they will be subject to search.
T
What is meant by time, distance and shielding in regards to responding to hazardous situations?
TIME ; Avoid time being exposed. DISTANCE ; Stay away - upwind, uphill, upstream of contamination. SHIELDING ; Park facing away from ground zero Tie short strands of tape to determine wind speed.
What are types of harm in hazardous situations?
TRACEM
Human trafficking versus Human Smuggling
TRAFFICKING -Not voluntary -Entails forced exploitation of a person for labor or services Physical movement of a person -Can occur domestically (citizens are held captive in their own country) -Crime against the right of each person to be free from involuntary servitude SMUGGLING -Voluntary -Ends after border crossing -Fees are paid in advance or upon arrival -International usually -Crime against nation sovereignty
What do victims experience during human trafficking?
TRAUMA a) Victims may feel loyalty, gratitude, or dependence and may have established an intimate relationship with someone involved in the trafficking network. b) Victims initially report coached cover stories to law enforcement c) Victims have been told that police are their enemies and they will face punishment for breaking the law. d) Officer's should not expect them to talk about their experience in an organized, linear way due to all their trauma experienced.
ERO
The Enforcement and Removal
Who is in charge of environmental laws?
The United States Environmental Protection Agency
What does US EPA 40 CFR do in regards to regulating hazardous materials?
The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) controls dumping, water programs, ocean dumping and solid waste regulations.
labor
The action of the uterus contracting to push the baby out.
The NFPA uses a diamond split into four sections to indicate levels of hazards, what are they?
The areas indicate Health Hazard (blue), Flammability (red), Reactivity (yellow), or Specific Hazard (white) risks associated with each material.
In patrolling, officers need to find missing people at time, which garments of the victim are best for using them to track scents?
The best if skin to skin garment like bedsheets, underwear, socks - collect with tongs, do not touch.
voluntary commitment
The circumstance in which the individual agrees to be admitted to a psychiatric hospital and is permitted to leave at any time.
What are the 3 things an officer needs to check before releasing a detainee to a bondsman?
The company issuing the bond is authorized to do business in this state. The bondsman is a genuine agent of the company. Read the bond document carefully and examine.
Rule 4 of the North Carolina Rules
The complaint and summons shall be delivered to some proper person for service
Considerations of completing the DMV-349 for crashes involving trains:
The conductor is the "operator" of the train and shall be recorded as such on the DMV- 349. The train will be entered as vehicle 2 and will be listed as an "other" type of vehicle with "RR Train" placed in the blank. A North Carolina driver license is not necessary for the conductor, who is entered as the operator of the train. The engineer is listed as a passenger of the train, although he technically drives the train. Additionally, any other persons on board the train will be listed as passengers on the DMV- 349. If you have stopped other trains along the track for safety purposes, please ensure you recontact the train dispatcher once the scene of the crash has been cleared so traffic can resume if the track is safe to do so. Make sure track is safe, you are liable.
What is the contact teams role in an active shooter response?
The contact team is the first line of response. In a large building, multiple contact teams may be dispatched to locate the shooter.
liaison officer duty
The court bailiff is also the critical communication link between the courtroom and other law enforcement.
Evisceration
The displacement of organs outside of the body. (ab area)
How long is the double chain waist chain?
The double chain is of the same construction but approximately twice as long as the single chain with an enlarged link at each end.
Further investigation : officers should try to determine what in WMD situations?
The exact time of the call The exact words of the caller The caller's voice characteristics Was the voice familiar? Were there any background noises? The name of the person receiving the call The receiver's telephone number Date of the call
Amniotic sac and amniotic fluid
The fetus develops within a sac filled with fluid and is often referred to as the bag of waters. The sac and fluid act as a shock absorber to protect the fetus. It is normal during labor for the sac to rupture and the fluid to gush from the birth canal.
For DWI traffic stops, what are some standardized field sobriety tests?
The finger to nose The Romberg balance test Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus (HGN) Walk and turn One leg stand
What is Centripetal force?
The force which pushes a moving object from a straight line into a curved path
power of sale foreclosure
The form of foreclosure used in a title theory state, such as North Carolina; also called nonjudicial foreclosure.
Picketing
The gathering of striking workers at a business site as a sign of protest
TRACEM
Thermal - hot/cold Radiological - radiation Asphyxiation - gases in oxygen Chemical - toxic Etiological - bacteria, viruses Mechanical - projectiles, lead to lacerations
diagnostic symptoms
The individual relates symptoms to the responder. The fact that he feels nauseous or that he has no sensation in his arms or legs are examples of symptoms.
What do once you are in the courtroom for trial? (in regards to going for an inmate trial)
The inmate will sit with their attorney. You will need to pick a place to sit, and consider areas of escape, etc. Always secure safety. For long trials, call your department.
What are considerations with terminating a pursuit?
The location and direction of travel for the violator's vehicle should be given to the telecommunications center and broadcast to the other officers. REDUCE SPEED. Vehicle's emergency warning devices should be turned off. Vehicle should be parked allowing for the officer's psychological and physiological conditions to normalize.
State the proper procedures to be used by law enforcement officers in responding to reports of bomb threats and suspicious objects.
The officer should proceed to the location rapidly. All communications near or at the scene of bomb threats, bombs, or suspected bombs should be done by landline telephone whenever possible. There should be no radio transmissions in the area. Upon arrival, contact the person in charge. Determine their opinion regarding the seriousness of the bomb threat. Also, determine whether or not a search has been initiated and, if so, who is searching. Inform the person in charge that it is best if those familiar with the premises search.
In traffic stops, what are locations to complete a citation?
The passenger side of the patrol vehicle - violator remains in car Driver side- violator remains in car Driver's side of patrol vehicle; violator in the passenger seat of the patrol vehicle
When responding to those who have mental disabilities, assertive intervention can be used when:
The person isn't cooperating. They are violating rules.
What is the main difference between a 50B and 50C order?
The plaintiff does not have a personal relationship with the defendant.
Who must serve a non contact order?
The sheriff
What is an execution against the property?
The sheriff is to seize personal property to sell to satisfy the outstanding judgment.
Rapid Deployment
The swift and imminent deployment of law enforcement resources to ongoing, life threatening situations where delayed deployment could otherwise result in death or great bodily injury to persons.
threshold braking technique
The technique that is used when a quick stop is required and pressure is applied just above the point where the brakes would lock
in regards to crowds, what is Social suggestion
The urge to do what others are doing especially if there's a leader
what are some environmental factors to crashes?
There may be times when the roadway has defects that initially contributed to the cause of the crash (rare). The NHTSA as well as the North Carolina Department of Transportation investigate any crash that involves roadway contributions since it may be dangerous for other drivers. Examples; weather, road conditions, and even animals crossing the roadway.
For drug overdoses, In regards to Limited Immunity for Samaritan and Limited immunity for overdose victim (of drugs and alcohol); A person will not be prosecuted for various drug-related offenses if:
They called 911 Acted in good faith Provided their name to EMS/LE upon arrival Did not seek medical assistance during the course of the arrest warrant, search warrant.
With multiple occupants in a vehicle stop, officers are allowed to order occupants to get out of vehicle, but what are they not allowed to do?
They cannot search and frisk though - w/o legal justification.
In patrol techniques, what is the duty of the cover officer?
They initiate all activity with suspects - interviews, arrests, notes, etc.
What should officers do when patrolling a non violent/ passive protest?
They need to determine what is lawful and what is not.
What does the point officer do?
They provide long security. They direct the teams movement by remaining in the middle, and are usually first to engage with shooters.
What are three things that are involved with active shooters?
They usually have firearms. Pattern when selecting victims. Also includes school shootings and snipers but not suicide bombers.
Why are terrorists criminals?
They violate the law through their actual and planned violent political attacks and through the activities which support their clandestine existence. They plan, using violence to coerce, using force and intimidating others.
What will Materials with specific gravities less than 1 do?
They will float in or on water
Nonresident Violator's Compact Act (NRVC)
This Act dictates how the citizens of states who are members of the compact are treated in other states that are part of the compact.
What is United Nations (UN) Identification Numbers?
This four-digit number must be displayed in a white, rectangular box in the center of the appropriate placard, on an orange panel affixed near the placard, or (rarely) in a white, rectangular box on the container.
List steps to investigate - Hit-and-run motor vehicle crashes
This is property damage, personal injury to one or more. How to investigate: Due regard to safety, without delay. Begin investigation at time of call. Obtain info from dispatch. Broadcast "be on the lookout" - BOLO If on foot, get details - last known direction of travel. Coordinate with others. Monitor radio traffic from FD, EMS, other officers, etc. Steps to investigate: Interview witnesses (written statements, audio/video). Gather information of car/occupant. Follow the path of the suspect vehicle - fluid leaks. Collect all evidence
Chronic exposure: hazardous situations
This is usually referred to as the amount of exposure to a hazardous material. Example, breathing coal dust over a 20-year career.
What do you do if there is limb presentation?
This is when the baby's arm or leg presents from the birth canal first. The mother cannot deliver this baby vaginally. This delivery will occur by C-section in the hospital setting. Do not pull or push on the presenting limb. Position the mother to where her pelvis is elevated, and arrange for immediate transport.
Short term evidence (crash investigation)
This may be any evidence which can be easily moved, absorbed, or lost. Examples could include detached vehicle parts, human bodies, human or vehicle fluids, clothing fibers, weapons, alcohol containers, electronic devices, and illegal contraband.
What is meant by mutual aid agreements in hazardous situations?
This means that when different levels of government (jurisdictions) are on the same plan, there is less likely to be impacted by risk
Three side method for chest wound
This method allows the free corner or edge to act as a flutter valve to release air that is trapped in the chest cavity. Please refer to your local protocols for further guidance.
For crowd control, what are some mini formations?
Three officer wedge. Four officer diamond. Combining of two mini-formations into a basic 6 to 8-person team.
Appeal
To ask a higher court to review the decision and determine if justice was done. Determine if errors were present.
Identify two (2) purposes of direct-examination.
To bring out the facts of the case relevant to the party calling the witness, typically the prosecutor. To establish the elements of each of the crimes charged beyond a reasonable doubt.
Identify two (2) purposes of cross-examination.
To bring out the whole truth. To uncover omissions in testimony. To develop and bring out a witness' prejudices. To demonstrate a witness' uncertainty.
Claim & Delivery
To claim the immediate delivery of a certain specified personal property.
What is the main objective of terrorism?
To coerce and intimidate a government or citizen so that they do what the terrorist want.
List steps to investigate - Trains accidents
To determine and contact the track owner(s), an officer can locate the "Emergency Notification Sign" while responding to the scene. These signs are known as the "blue sign," and will contain the property owner's name, crossing number, and telephone contact number to stop any incoming trains. Officers should not attempt to block the crossing with their patrol vehicle, get people off tracks.
What is the goal of communication tactics during a pursuit?
To enhance the safe passage of the pursuit along the traffic way. To enhance the likelihood of apprehension by eliminating possible avenues of escape for the fleeing driver.
In conclusion, when responding to mental illness calls, what can officers decide to do?
To leave the person at the scene or take the person home following successful de-escalation. To call the LME/MCO, the crisis line, the private provider, the respondent's doctor, a crisis facility, EMS, or a hospital for more options. To take the person into custody.
duces tecum
To produce evidence
How should searches be conducted?
Top to bottom
Define traffic control devices
Traffic control devices shall be defined as all signs, signals, markings, and other devices used to regulate, warn, or guide traffic, placed on, over or adjacent to a street, highway, pedestrian facility, bikeway, official having jurisdiction, or in the case of a private road, by the authority of the private owner or private official having jurisdiction.
In conducting a vehicle stop, when re-approaching suspect vehicle - officers should always remember to:
Treat it as a new stop, suspects can plan while you go back to the car
What are some specialized items of Clandestine Lab Operations and Equipment?
Triple neck flasks and single neck flasks Reflux columns and distillation columns Heating mantles and separatory funnels Buchner funnels
How do lights and sirens affect officer's behavior?
Tunnel vision Speed reference is lost Invincibility syndrome
Easiest driving turnabout
U turn
types of federal false identification
US Social Security card Military ID's Alien registration cards
Name five (5) activities an officer should do to prepare for court.
Understanding the types of courts and proceedings in which you may appear. Get a court docket in advance and locate your cases. Prepare, organize, and become familiar with the contents of your notes. Keep up with court dates, the officer should never fail to be in court when scheduled cases are on the docket. Learn more about testifying by observing. If a district attorney requests to speak to you about a case before trial, have your notes with you. Obtain witnesses. Some agencies assign personnel to act as a court liaison officer.
In handling vehicles passing through (or attempting to) a picket line, who can communicate with the vehicles?
Union officials
What are unknown risk stops?
Unknown risk stops are vehicle stops in which the officer(s) are unaware of any existing dangers or circumstances involving any of the occupants of the vehicle.
How long does it take for HIV to start and how long does it usually take to develop into AIDS?
Up to 6 months for HIV to start and may take up to 10 years to develop AIDs.
What do you use for marking evidence? (crash investigation)
Use lumber crayon or chalk / use wooden stakes to mark spots off of the road.
What are things officer should do after riot control?
Use of COP teams. Work with community leader. Make positive community contact.
Scott v Henrich 1994
Use of deadly force, Mr. Scott pointed a long gun at officers who shot and killed him.
What are tactics to control the influences of crowds?
Use of photography and video to take away anonymity. Selective arrest and enforcement to reduce the feeling of universality. Call people by name if they are known. Put them on notice of the law and possible violations. Have a dispersal/back-up team formed close by the scene but out of sight.
When interviewing someone who has a developmental disability or brain injury, you should:
Use simple language, speak slow, be patient, take time, ask questions differently, treat them as adults.
What are things to consider when escorting an inmate in an elevator?
Use the patient elevator. Face them to the rear wall of the elevator. Check area before exiting the elevator.
For traffic stops, in regards to inventory searches, what are these used for?
Used to catalog items in vehicles for safekeeping in order to protect agencies from liability of loss or theft when a vehicle was seized for inventory.
What are some bailiff duties in regards to jury deliberations?
Usher jurors to the jury room with verdict forms. Don't let anyone in the jury room, and do not go in. Questions need to be written and given to the bailiff. Do not communicate to the juror without permission of the judge. Let families know of delayed jurors. Inform the judge when the verdict is made. Bring jury back into room after judge is seated, then return them to jury room after verdict is made.
Synthetic cannabinoids schedule
VI
What type of liability is vehicle operation?
Vehicle operation is "high risk" liability for officers.
N.C.G.S. 20-157
Vehicles should move to the right hand side of the road when any police vehicle is within 1000 feet using lights and sirens.
verbal and non verbal indicators of anxiety
Verbal (overwhelmed with fear) Non verbal (anxious)
verbal and non verbal indicators of mania
Verbal (rapid speech) Non verbal (loss of behavior control)
what are some vehicle factors to crashes?
Very small percentages of crashes are caused by vehicle flaws If a defect is found it could potentially threaten every other driver of the same make and model car across the United State. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) is notified by the North Carolina Division of Motor Vehicles whenever a vehicle is determined to have caused a crash. Examples; vehicle part conditions, tires, brakes, and equipment.
What are the types of people in WMD situations?
Victims, suspects, friends/family, well intentioned citizens, curious
N.C.G.S. 20-30.
Violations of license or learner's permit, or special identification card provisions.
n crowds, what is unlawful in protests?
Violence Blocking entrances
Most state mental illness facilities house what type of people?
Violent
In traffic stops, list some visible, audible and odor cues of a potential DWI:
Visible cues - Bloodshot eyes, Soiled clothing, Fumbling fingers Audible cues - Slurred speech, Admission of drinking, inconsistent responses Odor cues - Alcoholic beverages, Cover-up odors
Which method of observing traffic consists of "Stationary observation in which the observer is in full view but is so located, for example, on a side street, that it requires effort on the part of drivers to discover the observer. This type of traffic patrol is used when running stationary radio detection and ranging (RADAR), light detection and ranging (LIDAR), or time- distance computers"?
Visible observation
Visual lead time in driving means:
Visual lead time of twelve seconds in rural areas or one city block in urban areas will provide you with the needed time to appropriately select an immediate path of travel.
In patrolling, what is the mutual aid system?
Voluntary agreement outside of jurisdictions where officer may be dispatched to natural disasters such as tornadoes, floods, or hurricanes, as well as man-made incidents, such as barricaded suspects, snipers, terrorist attacks
what motivating factor of an informant goes into a department voluntarily?
Walk-in informant
'ride-down' effect
What allows officers to stop while the patrol vehicle is stopping.
In regards to traffic techniques, for check points, what are some considerations by courts?
What the plan/policy/authorization says? What the officers on the scene were doing? Who the officer were at scene? Officer testimony. Did it address public concern? Was the checkpoint properly tailored? Was the checkpoint set up on a whim? Was there a reason it was set up on this road? Was there a particular start and end time? Did it delay the drivers? Was a supervisor present? Who picked the location? How did the checkpoint affect traffic? Was there a pattern followed? Were officers following guidelines? Did the supervisor authorize location and checkpoint?
in regards to traffic techniques, when conducting an unknown risk stop - what are disadvantages of approaching from the passenger side?
When circling, visual contact of occupants can be compromised. Officers will absorb a direct hit if the patrol vehicle is rear ended at the moment.
What are some questions to ask regarding emergency responses in traffic accidents?
When did the incident occur? Are the suspects still at the scene? How many suspects are involved? Are the suspects armed? If so, with what? What is the exact location of the suspects? What is the description of the suspects? Are there any injured at the scene? What other law enforcement officers or agencies have been dispatched? What other emergency vehicles have been dispatched? Are there any suspect vehicles involved?
What are gouge marks?
When the vehicle part strikes the road.
Recite five (5) items an officer should be aware of before the first day in court, as provided in the lesson plan.
Where to park Where the bathrooms and location where officers gather. How to see the DA in advance about a case. The function of all court personnel. Where to sit while waiting for cases to be called for trial? Where to stand while summarizing the evidence in a case when the defendant pleads guilty? Where and how to get copies of the court docket for that day?
In regards to patrol techniques, what are the colors of awareness, what do they mean? (W-YORB)
White - Totally relaxed, non-aware, daydreaming Yellow - Relaxed but alert Condition Orange - Totally alert, planning strategy, focusing on threats Red - Full combat, autopilot, training kicks in Black - Injured, dead, frozen with fear
What are the white pages in the guidebook?
White pages at the beginning which include how to use the book, table of contents, safety precautions, an overview of the hazard classification system, an explanation of placards, other identification charges, and resources.
What do the final pages of the guide book provide?
White pages near the end include information on personal protective equipment, fire and spill control, criminal/terrorist use of hazardous materials, and a glossary.
examples of right wing groups are:
White supremacy, anti abortion, anti government, and anti immigration.
What information should be given to dispatchers, supervisors, and other responders in WMD situations?
Who What When Where Why How
Clerks of superior court
Who hears and decides special proceedings such as adoptions, condemnations, partitions, and foreclosures. This person also serves as ex officio judge of probate and performs record-keeping and administrative functions for both the superior and district courts of the county
What does anarchy mean?
Without rule
Rules for body searches
Work from top to bottom - hair then finish with toes. Be thorough - squeeze clothing, repeat if necessary. Be systematic - search the same way each time. Have a coworker observe. Take your time and concentrate. Be objective - no bias or prejudice.
What are Indicators of Human trafficking?
Working conditions Appearance of workers
In regards to traffic techniques, list Statutory Requirements for conducting a checkpoint.
Written policy. One patrol car must have blue lights on. Random location - safe for drivers and officers, better to choose a location based on statistical reason. Supervisor should choose. Pattern of stopping cars. Ex. every 5-6. Plan - ex. Plan for when traffic is backed up
most hazardous driving turnabout
Y turn
What are color pages in the guidebook are numerical index?
Yellow pages provide a list of hazardous materials in numerical order of ID number. They include the material's name and assigned emergency response.
Are there separate violations for human trafficking?
Yes
In traffic stops of DWI, can the person request a breath test?
Yes
Is there a vaccine for HBV?
Yes
Is a minor implied consent?
Yes, because there are no parents.
Is there treatment for epilespy?
Yes.
In traffic stops, when can you frisk a person?
You can frisk the person (terry), but if it's infraction, you cannot search, only for a search incident to arrest you may search them.
In relation to drugs, in conducting a frisk of a person, what do you need? What do you do if you are frisking, and find a drug?
You need reasonable suspicion. To seize illegal drugs, you need to articulate that the item they felt during a frisk was immediately apparently contraband.
What do you do if there is an unruptured amniotic sac?
You will need to tear the amniotic sac using your fingers.
sign vs symptom
a sign is a physical manifestation (objective), a symptom is what the patient tells you about the disease (subjective)
With behavioral health situations, in responding to mental illness calls, officers will need who?
a CIT officer or a social worker.
Corporation
a company or group of people authorized to act as a single entity (legally a person) and recognized as such in law.
Intellectual disability
a condition of limited mental ability
What should an employer provide if an exposure incident takes place?
a confidential medical evaluation and follow-up.
outpatient commitment
a court order that directs a person to comply with a specified, individualized outpatient mental health treatment plan
mental illness
a disorder that affects a person's thoughts, emotions, and behaviors
What is a trial?
a formal examination of the facts of a case by a jury to determine whether the defendant has committed the crime charged.
Other Regulated Materials in hazardous situations
a limited hazard during transportation due to its form, quantity, and packaging. ex. cancer causing agent, pesticides
protest devices are:
a locking or non-locking device that can be constructed from a variety of materials such as PVC pipes, bicycle locks, barrels, steel, wood, etc.
The Affidavit and Petition for Involuntary Commitment is a form that will be completed by who?
a magistrate or the Clerk of Superior Court.
Summons
a notice directing someone to appear in court to answer a complaint or a charge - lawsuit.
court deposition
a person appears at a specified time and place and gives sworn testimony
Foreign national
a person who is not a naturalized citizen of the country in which they are living.
positional asphyxiation
a position of the body such that breathing is impaired
Psychosis
a psychological disorder in which a person loses contact with reality
EXECUTE (driving block)
avoid collisons by completing your plan
Subpoena vs. summons
a subpoena requires a person to testify or provide evidence and a summons is suing someone to come into court and fight a lawsuit.
A written promise
a written promise has been signed by the defendant and surety to ensure that the defendant appears in court at the scheduled time and date.
What is the reactive approach in human trafficking?
a) An officer "may uncover trafficking while addressing other crimes or calls for assistance. Depending upon exigent circumstances, you will need to handle the immediate component crime and respond to victim needs. b) You may arrest, if possible, for crimes such as fraud, kidnapping, physical or sexual assault, and forced labor.
How to check for back and buttocks?
a) Check for injury if there are no spinal injuries or injuries to the extremities. b) Log roll the person toward you and check the back and buttocks for injury.
How to check for arms?
a) Check the arms from the collarbone to the fingertips. b) Check for a pulse, motor function, and sensory function by determining whether the person can move his fingers and hands, whether he feels your touch, and can grip your hand. c) Check for circulation by radial pulse check at wrist or pedal pulse or posterior ribial in the feet.
What to do with situations involving an amputations and avulsions
a) Control the bleeding. If a pressure dressing is needed, use the large bulky type. b) Prevent contamination by using sterile dressings. c) Reassure the individual. d) Locate and preserve the amputated or avulsed part in a sterile dressing or plastic wrap, if available. Do not place in direct contact with ice.
What are some agencies in which the North Carolina Coalition Against Human Trafficking (NCCAHT) work along side with?
a) Department of social services b) Department of public health c) Department of mental health d) Domestic violence and sexual assault services e) Other nonprofit organizations such as healthcare professionals (e.g., EMS, doctor's office, emergency room nurses, home healthcare)
What do you do when there is an Evisceration?
a) Don't try to replace the organ or intestines. b) Cover the wound and organs with a non-adhering, occlusive dressing such as plastic wrap or aluminum foil. c) Cover the non-adhering dressing with a bulky dressing or a clean, folded sheet or towel. d) Use bandages to hold the dressings in place. e) If the proper dressing is unavailable, take no action.
Specific elements of exposure plan include:
a) Employees who "reasonably anticipated risk of exposure" must be offered the HBV vaccination. b) No cost to employee unless; -Have received HBV series -Immune to HBV -Medical reasons to not get HBV vaccine c) employees can decline then accept later
In regards to your vehicles trunk, what should you check?
a) First aid kit b) Fire extinguisher c) Flares d) Spare tire and jack
What are Indicators of possible terrorism activity?
a) General observation b) Surveillance c) Weapons Attacks d) Explosive attacks and truck bombsother criminal activity associated with terrorism
What lights should be checked of your car?
a) Headlights, low and high beam b) Taillights c) Parking lights, front, and rear d) Brake lights e) Directional lights, front and rear f) Side-marker lights g) License plate light h) Hazard flashers, front, and rear i) Emergency warning lights j) Interior lights: dome, citation, or map
Factors that influence driving at night during an emergency response
a) Instrument panels should be illuminated with red instrument lights. 1. Decrease brightness to the lowest level to all lights interior and exterior. 2. Tinted glass cuts visibility 3. If you wear eyeglasses get an anti-reflection coating on the lens 4. Do not outrun headlights! 5. Keep your eyes moving 6. Use your lights wisely 7. Increase following distance to 3 seconds
Treatment of shock
a) Keep the individual lying down b) Maintain the airway c) Control external bleeding d) move if necessary e) Don't eat or drink f) Prevent the loss of body heat
Strategies for pursuits
a) No more than 2 law enforcement vehicles. b) Remove initiating officers, allow others to conduct with no emotions. c) Unmarked vehicles should not be involved. d) Always stop at intersections. e) No moving roadblocks f) No shooting from moving cars. g) Emergency warning should always be on. h) Both hands on wheel. i) Interior be free of loose objects.
packaging and disposal should be:
a) Non penetrable b) Clearly labeled c) Label the storage container d) Labeled even if disposed
Signs and symptoms of a stroke include:
a) Numbness or paralysis b) Confusion, dizziness, altered mental status, weakness c)Inability to swallow d)Difficulty with speech or vision e)Diminished consciousness; coma f) Convulsions g) Headache alone h) The individual may become combative
Law enforcement may only administer drugs if:
a) Oversighted by EMS and put into the system. b) Appropriate training continuing education as approved by the County EMS Medical Director. c) Administered as part of a protocol and procedure approved by the county emergency medical services medical director d) Officers are provided immunity from any civil or criminal liability for administering Naloxone.
What do you do if there is profuse bleeding from the mother?
a) Place the mother in the shock position, her legs together and elevated, place a sanitary napkin over the vaginal opening. b) Keep the mother warm. c) Encourage the mother to allow the baby to nurse. The stimulation of the nipple will also cause the uterus to contract, thereby assisting in the control of the bleeding. d) Provide psychological support.
Federal sources for terrorism include
a) RISS - Regional Information Sharing Systems b) FBI c) LEEP - Law Enforcement Enterprise Portal d) NCIC - National Crime Information Center e) HIDTA - High Intensity Drug Trafficking Areas f) ISC - Investigative Centers g) EPIC - El Paso Intelligence Center h) Department of Homeland Security i) ICE - Immigration and Customs Enforcement j) TSC - Terrorist Screening Center
Indicators of Anaphylactic shock
a) Respiratory components such as swelling of the tongue, lips, or respiratory distress. b) Skin may burn, itch, or break out, especially about the face and chest c) Face and tongue may swell. d) Difficulty breathing. e) Headache.
A medical evaluation and follow up of a exposure incident should include the following elements:
a) Route of exposure, and circumstances. b) Identification of individual and documentation. c) Employees blood is collected and sampled. (If they deny then the blood must be kept for 90 days in case they do want it tested later.) d) Any post exposure preventive measures. e) Counseling f) Evaluation.
What is the proactive approach in human trafficking?
a) Situations or businesses in your community where you suspect human trafficking may be taking place. b) Should you find indicators or evidence of human trafficking, you may begin to build a case against the traffickers in a covert manner to support the trafficking allegations. c) It is important to inform federal authorities (ideally those with whom you have already made contact) about your evidence and investigation in order to learn whether there is already a federal investigation underway or if your case is connected to a larger trafficking network.
Failures of cars include
a) Stalled engine b) Stuck accelerator c) Wet engine d) Flooded engine e) Dead battery f) Headlight failure g) Leaking exhaust h) Tire blowout i) Brake failure j) Wet brakes k) Engine overheating l) Oil indicator warning m) Hood flies up
Two rescuer assist
a) The fastest method for moving a wounded officer is dragging along the long axis of the body by two (2) rescuers. b) It can be accomplished with the rescuers standing or crawling. c) The use of the officer's web gear, tactical vest, a dragline, poncho, clothing, or improvised harness makes this method easier. d) However, holding the officer under the arms is all that is necessary.
indications of Internal bleeding
a) The individual is coughing or spitting up blood. (Bright red frothy blood can be indicative of lung damage.) b) There is blood and/or clear fluid in the nose and/or ears. c) Penetrating wounds exist. d) Fractures exist. e) There is blood in the urine or stool. f) There are large contused (bruised) areas. g) The abdomen is enlarged, rigid and sensitive, or tender to the touch. h) Mechanisms of injury are evident such as a bent steering wheel in front of an individual. i) The individual displays the classic signs and symptoms of shock (to be discussed later).
What are signs that indicate birth is imminent?
a) The woman feels she is straining or feels her bowels need to move. She may tell you she feels the need to push. b) Crowning occurs when the baby's head is visible at the vaginal opening.
In regards to your vehicles tires, what should you check?
a) Tires should be inflated to the appropriate pressure for long-distance, high-speed driving. b) Look for tire wear and damage. c) Look for damage to the wheel. d) Check the spare tire!
5 categories of NTAS
a) Via the official DHS NTAS webpage b) Via email signup at - http://www.dhs.gov/alerts c) Via social media (1) Facebook - http://facebook.com/NTASAlerts (2) Twitter - http://twitter.com/NTASAlerts d) Via data feeds, web widgets and graphics e) public
skin color signs
a) blue - lacks oxygen b) cherry red- carbon monoxide poisoning- (late sign) c) Pale- decreased blood flow/shock; White, pale, ashen, yellow, bluish, red --Check nail beds in dark skin people.
Pre occupational inspection
a) engine b) exterior c) tires d) underside e) trunk f) passenger g) be aware of maintenance history, fix any car failures
In regards to your vehicles underside, what should you check?
a) fluid puddles and broken or loose components of the: -Exhaust system -Suspension system -Brake system -Powertrain
Human Trafficking in NC
a) knowingly or in reckless disregard of the consequences of the action recruits, entices, harbors, transports, provides, or obtains by any means another person with the intent that the other person be held in involuntary servitude or sexual servitude b) willfully or in reckless disregard of the consequences of the action causes a minor to be held in involuntary servitude or sexual servitude.
In regards to your vehicles passenger area, what should you check?
a) protective system b) instruments and controls c) comfort system d) emergency system e) seats f) Miscellaneous equipment
Peripheral vision
ability to see objects as they come into the outer edges of the visual field
High explosives have a detonation rate _________.
above 3,280 f.p.s.134 (Ex. Dynamite - about 9,000 f.p.s.; RDX -27,500 f.p.s.)
What is "Process of taking in materials through the skin or eyes."
absorption
Opiods
act on the central nervous system, produce sleep like state and reduce pain. Synthetic / semi synthetic, act like opiates when taken for pain.
What are the 4 types of situation that may involve an active shooter?
active shooter in school (1) and in a business (2), hostage rescue (3), and injured officer/civilian rescues (4)
Domestic terrorism
acts of terrorism that take place on U.S. soil without direct foreign involvement
What is the tactical part of care under fire?
add torniquet, etc.
Right Wing Terrorism
adhere to the principles of racial supremacy and embrace antigovernment, anti regulatory beliefs.
Which target in NC is most vulnerable?
agriculture
In a poisoning situation, what does vomiting indicate?
airway compromise
The Right to Know Act requires (hazardous situations)
all employers who manufacture, process, use, store, or produce hazardous chemicals to maintain a list of each hazardous chemical stored in the facility in quantities of 55 gallons or 500 pounds; including Material Safety Data Sheets.
In patrol techniques, what is the "Plain Feel Doctrine"
allows an officer to seize evidence and contraband that are found in plain view during a lawful observation.
Chemical suicide
also known as "detergent suicide," is a method of committing suicide by mixing two or more easily acquired chemicals, commonly an acid and a base
Hallucinogens
alter perception, man made or natural
PTSD
an anxiety disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, and/or insomnia that lingers for four weeks or more after a traumatic experience
active shooter
an individual actively engaged in killing or attempting to kill people in a confined and populated area.
Different parking techniques are:
angle, parallel, perpendicular
What are the 5 duties of a bailiff?
announcing the opening and closing of court, courtroom security, and safeguarding of jurors, witnesses, and prisoners.
The exposure control plan must be reviewed every ___ year.
annually, and updated when needed.
When patrolling as on officer, in a warrantless vehicle search, what areas can be searched?
any area of the vehicle, including the trunk, and any containers locked or unlocked, that might contain the object the search.
contact damage of a traffic crash?
any damage to a vehicle resulting from the direct contact of any object that is not part of the vehicle itself
What is the definition of hazardous material?
any substance or material that possesses an unreasonable risk to health and safety of persons and/or the environment if it is not properly controlled during handling, storage, manufacture, processing, packaging, use, disposal, or transportation.
What is contraband?
any unauthorized item in an inmate's possession that threatens the security and safety of a facility, staff, and inmates.
In a citation, checking the red box means the person being cited must:
appear in court
Direct Pressure Techniques When Wound is Mild?
apply direct pressure to the wound with sterile dressing.
Opiates
are a natural pain remedy derived from the alkaloid of the opium poppy.
What are top venues of human trafficking?
are illegal massage/spa business, residence-based commercial sex, hotel-motel based, pornography, and online ads, while the top industries for labor trafficking are agriculture, domestic work, traveling sales crews, restaurant/food service, and other illegal activities.
Reasonable Suspicion
articulable facts that suspect is or was involved in criminal activity. Based on the totality of circumstances.
In determining gang activity, what are the two types of gang graffiti?
artistic (tagging) - well painted pictures. street gang; show threats, disrespect, control, and threats to cops
What can officers do for victims of HT?
ask detailed questions, including questions relating to physical abuse, coercion, and freedom of movement. --- interview alone.
public defender
attorney who works for the state and defends people who cannot afford a private attorney
If you bandage one eye, what do you do to the other eye?
bandage it.
what is called when you bruise behind ears?
battle sign
In court, the bailiff should bring in the defendant and seat them with counsel (before/after) the jury is summoned?
before
Where do you check for bruising in the head?
behind ear and around eyes.
Sexual servitude
being forced to sexual labor/acts
Involuntary Servitude
being forced to work against one's will
Low explosives have a detonation velocity rate _________.
below 3,280 feet per second (Ex.Black powder, smokeless powder, etc.)
What are the 5 categories of weapons of mass destruction materials (B NICE)?
biological, nuclear, incendiary, chemical and explosive
pipe bombs are usually what?
black powder
The majority of all bombs in the United States are:
black powder and pipe bombs
Capillary bleeding
bleeding from capillaries, which is characterized by a slow, oozing flow of blood from wound. --Oxygen/carbon dioxide and nutrient/waste exchange takes place --bleeding of capillaries.
What are special circumstances crashes?
blocked roadways from damage, bodies, or evidence; serious injuries; hit-and-run participants; vehicle rollovers; occupant ejections; loss of contaminants from the vehicles; or hazardous material shipment involvement.
How are bloodborne pathogens transmitted?
blood, semen, vaginal secretions, saliva, amniotic fluid, cerebral-spinal fluid, and any other body fluid.
When arresting a person, police must complete what?
blue sheet or commitment paper
Unsecured bond
bond that releases the defendant based on his or her signing a promissory note agreeing to pay the court an amount similar to a cash bail bond if he or she fails to fulfill the promise to appear at trial
Can an officer take individuals to private or state institutions or both?
both
Where do you check a pulse for an infant?
brachial artery (upper arm)
In patrol techniques, what is a Windshield Report?
brief description of scene given to communications, done before the responder leaves the car, they will give routes of access and hazards.
If there is a dry chemical, what do you do?
brush away from skin, do not wet
Time Distance Computers in patrol cars
calculates a target vehicle's speed as it covers a known distance
If an inmate does escape, what should the officer do?
call for backup ASAP do not try to locate inmate alone. call department.
what does the body use as alternate sources of energy in hyperglycemia situations?
carbohydrates and stored fat.
Where do you check a pulse of an adult?
carotid artery (neck)
What is the only bond someone with child support charges can choose?
cash
What are brain and spinal cords surrounded by?
cerebrospinal fluid
Hot Pursuit
chasing of a suspect when they escape the scene of crime or flees away to avoid legal actions from Law enforcement authority
Once you exit the elevator with an inmate, what are things to consider?
check the area first. In halls: - With two officers, one officer will remain behind the inmate at a 45 degree angle. - The second officer, if available, walks behind 2-3 feet but not further than 6-8 feet to the rear and opposite side of his partner.
epilepsy
chronic neurological condition that is characterized by recurrent unprovoked epileptic seizures.
State Tort Law
civil wrong
Possession of drug paraphernalia is what type of crime?
class 1 misdemeanor
In traffic techniques, failure to disclose evidence or misrepresent it, is a charge of:
class 1 misdemeanor or class H felony.
If a case is dismissed, the AOC CR 200 order goes where?
clerk of court
When speaking with those with a mental disabilities, always avoid what type of questions?
close ended
What does bleeding within the skull cause?
clots, hematomas and increase tissue pressure.
What is the most common stimulant?
cocaine.
What does it mean if only one side of the chest rises and falls?
collapsed lung
Syringe Exchange Programs (SEPs)
collect used syringes from people who inject drugs and exchange them for sterile syringes and access to social services, including substance addiction
in regards to crowds, what is contagion theory
collective action arises because of people's tendency to conform to the behavior of others
in regards to crowds, what is the Convergence theory
collective action happens when people with similar ideas and tendencies gather in the same place
In a rolling T, what does the point officer do if they spot the suspect?
command the suspect if they are spotted such as "turn around, face away, lay your gun down, etc".
Special interest/single issue groups
committed to a single cause and focus on the resolution of particular issues.
In regards to traffic techniques, when pacing, a certified RADAR/LIDAR operator must:
compete a form indicating the registered speed on the speedometer and the measurement made by the speed measuring instrument validating the accuracy of the speedometer.
which type of informant provides information but do not want to be known as a source?
confindential
umbilical cord
connects the fetus and the placenta and transports oxygen, nutrients, and waste between mother and baby.
waist chains
consists of a large brass or steel shaped 'D-ring' attached to a length of chain.
what are two types of damage in a traffic crash??
contact and induced
Who has priority for all radio communicatons in an active shooter response?
contact team
what are the five methods of transmission of bloodborne pathogens? (5)
contact, droplet, air, food and vector.
What are the six suspect options during officer contact in an active shooter response?
continue to shoot the innocent suicide shoot at officers escape surrender attempt or take a hostage.
First stage of labor
contractions occur, and the cervix dilates. The amniotic sac should rupture, and the amniotic fluid gushes out and lubricates the birth canal.
The four-sided method of chest wound
creates an airtight dressing, sealing all four (4) edges at least 2" wider than the wound while preventing the dressing from being sucked inside the wound. Plastic wrap is an item that may be utilized. Your hand may also be used to make an airtight seal with or without gloves (gloves should be worn whenever possible for both your protection and to not further contaminate the wound). Apply the last edge to be sealed as the individual forcefully exhales.
Identify the methods used to inspect vehicles involved in a motor vehicle crash to determine:
damage defective equipment post collision operability
judgment debtor and judgment creditor is also known as what?
defendant / plaintiff
North Carolina Unauthorized Substances Tax
designed to collect taxes for specific threshold quantities of controlled substances (not a form of double jeopardy).
Fraudulent crashes are:
designed to provide an opportunity for persons to be paid significant sums through insurance claims.
What is Egotistical motivating factor of an informant?
desire to be a cop, they want to be praised
fetus
developing baby until delivery
(N.C.G.S.122C-3(12a))
developmental disabilities
Which methods are used when responding to an active shooter are used?
diamond method and the rolling t
Which method of controlling external bleeding is most effective and common?
direct pressure
in regards to inhalants, what are Aerosol Sprays?
discharged from pressurized containers, such as hair sprays, deodorants, spray paint, and vegetable oil sprays
Dislocation
displacement of a bone from its joint. Disrupt blood flow.
When can you use flex cuffs?
disposable nylon straps may be utilized for emergencies or mass arrest situations.
dispersal
distribution
The restrain process is known as
divide attention, limb separation, guide to ground, recovery position
In human trafficking, "continued presence" refers to what?
enables the victim opportunities for legal employment and refugee-type benefits. Granted for one year and may be renewed as long as there is an ongoing federal investigation or prosecution.
In patrolling, officers need to create perimeters, what is the outer perimeter?
encloses the inner perimeter for a safe work area for responders.
Two main types of Terrorism
domestic and international
If you double the vehicle's weight, you _____ the amount of energy.
double
What are some driver considerations?
driving experience, attitude, and Psychological and physiological factors
Depressants
drugs (such as alcohol, barbiturates, and benzodiazepines) that reduce neural activity and slow body functions
What are synthetic drugs?
drugs produced entirely by chemical reactions (man made). - plant like
controlled substances
drugs that have the potential for abuse and dependency, both physical and psychological
Many diabetics have been mistaken for _______?
drunks!
What can be used to cover key holes of cuffs?
duct tape.
When can officers speed? What are the exceptions?
during hot pursuit.
Which are the highest explosives?
dynamite and trinitrotoluene (TNT).
Initiating devices
electric and non-electric
Exposure control plan must include:
employees covered, schedule, method of implementation for all elements, and the procedure for the evaluation.
in traffic stops that occur in curtilage areas like driveways, the officer needs probable cause and _______.
exigent circumstances.
What are the components of the driving system?
environment, vehicle and the driver.
Causes of seizures
epilepsy, head trauma, poisoning, chemical imbalance, certain drugs, severe infections of the brain, high fever, and flashing lights.
What are the types of mobs?
escape, aggressive, Acquisitive, expressive and flash
How to remove handcuffs
escort position feet apart, toes out
direct examination
examination of a witness by his or her attorney
When the response times _______ there is no relationship between the time travel interval and the probability of a response- related arrest.
exceed 10 minutes,
ketoacidosis
excessive production of ketones, making the blood acid-- can lead to coma.
NCGS § 14-288.5
failure to disperse
Breach of duty
failure to meet the standard of care
N.C.G.S. 14-225;
false reports to law enforcement agencies or officers.
T/F. In conducting a vehicle stop, you should reach into a car to turn off ignition.
false.
In the cycle of abuse what is the tweaking?
feeling of emptiness, but most times, a person will go to another drug to cope.
Who can be victims of human trafficking?
females and males
Who is the primary responder in hazardous situations?
fire dept
In meth lab scenes, who will respond if there are not hazmat teams available?
fire dept.
AOC CR 200 release order
form for jail confinement
Single chain waist chains is how long?
four feet in length, of single-link construction, having an enlarged link at one end and a metal spring-type snap on the other.
What are some things officers should consider during labor disputes of crowd management?
free speech, police power at the scene, picketing, employer and non-striking employees, and access to company property.
Clothed Body Search is also known as
frisk or in custody search
Before removing an inmate from their cell, prior to conducting a cell search, what should you do?
frisk them before they leave.
If a person has hyperglycemia, what can you give them?
give him something sweet, solid, or liquid, by mouth.
In relation to drugs, what 3 things do you need to conduct consent searches?
given freely, intelligently, and voluntary
Superior Court
guilty vs not, with jury. Much more serious. Can be one week or more.
After the trial, what procedures should you follow? (in regards to going for an inmate trial)
handcuff the inmate and return to lock up. search your car, then return them to the detention center.
What do you do if confronted with a false Identification?
have suspect write his/her name directly for the LEO, a check of other support or non supporting documents( mail, registration, physical address existence)
What do unequal pupils indicate?
head injury or stroke
How do you check the patients airway?
head-tilt, chin lift or jaw thrust maneuver. for babies- sniffing position
Circulatory system consists of
heart, blood vessels, blood
What is Anti-lock braking systems (ABS)?
help drivers maintain steering control under hard breaking prevents lock up.
Cones are sensitive to
high light
In the cycle of abuse what is the binge?
high smoking or injecting of more meth, 3-15 days
What are some incident types in transporting hazards?
highway (wrecks, leaks/spills, fire), railway (Train derailment. Container breach) waterways, airways (Commercial- passenger and freight, Military, Freight facilities), pipelines (High volume release, Single commodity, Strategic cut-off valves)
Secured bonds are bonds that
is secured by the issuer's pledge of a specific asset, which is a form of collateral on the loan
What are sources of information in meth cases?
human intelligence, other LE personnel (DLE, FBI, DHS), CJ agencies, public service agencies (DSS, DMV), and private sector sources (cell companies, credit agencies)
Contributing factors to the motor vehicle crash are:
human, vehicles and environment
If a diabetic person indicates that he has eaten but has not taken his insulin, what could this mean?
hyperglycemia
acteone smell can indicate?
hyperglycemia
If a diabetic person indicates that he has not eaten but has taken his insulin, what could this mean?
hypoglycemia is indicated.
Under what circumstances is the duty of the public to yield the right of way attached?
if both lights and siren are being operated as stated in the following section.
When can an officer take someone with mental illness to get evaluated?
if the person agrees, if its not a medical emergency and you cannot deescalate the situation.
What is the plus one theory
if there is one weapon, there is another
Illegal entrant aliens (IEA)
illegal. no permit.
Who are the three people required in taking a person into a detention facility?
magistrate and officer and person being arrested
If the person is sentenced, the AOC CR 200 order goes where?
in the jail
If you get two tires, where do you put them?
in the rear
Where should the second transporting officer sit when transporting an inmate?
in the rear passenger area with the inmates for security
If there are 3 inmates in one unscreened car, where will they sit?
in the right front passenger seat.
Shock is defined as:
inadequate tissue perfusion*****
Ketones
increase the acidity of the blood, and the person is thrown into a condition known medically as diabetic ketoacidosis.
What is the following rule when the road/weather is rough when driving?
increase the following distance to at least three seconds.
"the State (or defense) rests"
indicates that all the evidence has been presented and all the witnesses have been heard.
A needle is what type of contact?
indirect, because its not skin to skin.
District court
infraction or misdemeanor, no jury.
What is "Process of taking in materials by breathing through the nose or mouth."
inhalation
In the cycle of abuse what is the rush?
initial response, 5-30 minutes
Parts of a pursuit
initial, continuing and terminating.
What is "Process of taking in materials through a puncture or break in the skin."
injection
What is the second priority when responding to an active shooter?
injured must be located and evacuated.
Sprain
injury to a ligament
Strain
injury to muscle or tendon
G.S. 15A-521(c)
inmates must be delivered to the detention facility by law enforcement officers (Identification is required).
In non- screened vehicles, what are things to consider when transporting an inmate?
inmates need to be secured with a seatbelt and shoulder harness. where they need to sit. where the second officer needs to sit.
What are some ways the bailiff can maintain order and security of the courtroom?
inspect each courtroom Do not let people not a part of the court session to approach the bench. Remove people causing disturbance. Secure other areas outside of the courtroom - metal detectors.
Autism, TBH and cerebral palsy are known as what?
intellectual disabilities
New work for mental retardation is
intellectual illness (disabilities)
If a minor is violating then they shall be taken where?
into temporary protective custody as an undisciplined juvenile.
What should the officer do if damage and objects dont match in a traffic crash?
investigate further
NFPA 704 marking system
is a labeling system used to identify hazardous materials. It is published by the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA).
What is an agent for service of process?
is a person who receives lawsuits and other documents on behalf of your business.
induced damage of a traffic crash?
is caused by the vehicle being hit in one area and the vehicle reacting in another (ex. roof buckling when the vehicle is hit on the front).
What is the: Findings and Custody Order Involuntary Commitment, form number AOC-SP-302?
is the court order that directs the law enforcement officer to take the respondent into custody for an examination by either an eligible psychologist or physician.
sequestered (in terms of court)
isolated and hidden away
What if a guide number has the letter "P"?
it indicates that the material may undergo violent polymerization if subjected to heat or contamination (causes fire, explosions, or ruptures).
Temporary Restraining Order
it is a judge's short-term order forbidding certain actions until a full hearing can be conducted (10 days only)
Who is the person to fill out a AOC CR 200 release order?
judicial officer
list violent incidents in courtrooms
judicial shootings, bombings, assaults, stabbings, and arson attacks.
Urine odor can indicate?
kidney disease
AOC-CR-200
known variously as a release order, commitment paper or "Blue Sheet" - it keeps tracks of inmates
Once items are marked and located, what should you do next? (crash investigation)
label each item with letter
What do dilated pupils indicate?
lack of oxygen
What does routine mean in a traffic crash?
lack of special circumstance
Super lab in regards to meth production
large and high 10lbs or more mostly in Mex / Ca. 80% meth produced
What lead does the FBI have in hazardous situations?
lead agency for crisis management during terrorist incidents involving nuclear, biological, and chemical materials.
What lead does FEMA have in hazardous situations?
lead agency for recovery and consequences management during terrorist incidents involving nuclear, biological, and chemical materials.
Coronary artery disease
leading cause of death in the US
in regards to traffic techniques, when conducting an unknown risk stop- which way do front wheels of the patrol car be turned?
left
Four elements to prove negligence
legal duty owed to the plaintiff Breach of duty Proximate cause (reasonably foreseeable) Injury/damage
Out of one million: _____ children (5-11) will die by suicide; And (12-17), _____ of them will die of suicide.
less than 2 fifty two
What are the 7 methods of observing traffic in your patrol car?
line, area, directed, stationary, conspicuous, visible, concealed.
What are some protest devices protestors use in crowds?
lock box, sleeping dragon, and dragon sleeve, bicycle lock, tripods
What are skid marks?
locked, not free to rotate (sliding) Skip skids - measure as one Gap skids - measure separately and the gap. Curved skids - measure entire length.
Shock results from what?
loss of blood, pain, severe infection, changes in body chemistry, severe anaphylactic reaction, or even emotional distress.
Mania
loss of control
tunnel vision
loss of peripheral vision
Is route selection a high or low priority for non emergency response?
low
Rods are sensitive to
low light
North Carolina Controlled Substance Schedule 5 - list examples too
low potential for abuse accepted medical use limited physical or psychological dependence Ex. cough syrup with codeine
In traffic stops, what is recommended before conducting a consent search of a vehicle?
make sure it does not delay the traffic stop and that all documents have been exchanged and tell the operator to know the traffic stop is over.
In regards to patrol techniques, what are observations?
making sure the eye is critical - where to look on patrol and being able to react to distractions.
Controlled braking is a technique of
manually applying your brakes for a quick stop
the most used drug in the US is?
marijuana
Identify the crash investigation procedures used to determine:
marking evidence area of impact roadway evidence contributing factors to the motor vehicle crash the appropriate enforcement action to take
Examples of PPE are:
mask, gloves, goggles (eye protection), CPR shields and gowns
What does hardness, spasms , or tenderness in the chest indicate?
may indicate internal bleeding.
probable cause
measured by totality of circumstances. The officer is saying a crime was probably committed and the suspect is probably who committed it.
types of explosives
mechanical, chemical and atomic
What type of traffic crashes involve minor personal injury to one or more occupants?
minor PI crashes
What are examples of opiates?
morphine, codeine, heroin, and opium.
What is James bond syndrome motivating factor of an informant?
movie life
In traffic techniques, when completing the Request for Driver Reexamination form, what must be included?
must include the officer's signature, address, and phone number. The reason for making a reexamination request must be specific.
What are examples of controlled substances?
narcotics, depressants, stimulants, hallucinogens, and anabolic steroids.
Who are some parties that can be served a complaint?
natural person, Natural persons under disability,The state, Agency of state, Units of local government, Domestic or foreign corporation, Partnerships, sole proprietorships, and Unincorporated association
In traffic stops, all contact with violators outside the vehicle should take place ______.
near the shoulder, near the right front or right rear of the patrol vehicle.
In a traffic stop, the officer should never do what, when ordering occupants exit the a vehicle?
never stand in between both cars
Do you move a person when checking for a chest fracture?
no
Do LME/MCO, provide direct services?
no, they manage the system.
Hyperglycemia (high blood sugar)
not enough insulin in body to metabolize sugar.
Juvenile court
not public record, session is one day.
agonal gasps
occasional, gasping breaths that occur after the heart has stopped
What are types of informants in meth cases?
occasional, regular, arrested and confidential
Counterfeit controlled substances
offense to manufacture, sell, deliver or distribute a substance that is represented to be a controlled substance
For patrol techniques, which offenses are most effectively reduced by conspicuous patrol?
offenses committed on or immediately adjacent to public roadways
In regards to traffic techniques, which phases of enforcement action include only the officer, which phases include the officer AND the court, and which phases include only the court?
officer - detection, apprehension. officer/court - Prosecution court - adjudication and penalization
In regards to traffic techniques, what needs to be present for checkpoints? (check station)
officers must have reasonable suspicion, but checkpoints are an exception. Must be done "by the book".
When transporting inmates, how should they be restrained?
officers should obtain handcuffs, waist chains, and leg restraints for inmates.
In regards to traffic techniques, how many cars should have their blue lights on during a checkpoint?
one
At what angle should one officer stand when escorting an inmate through halls?
one officer will remain behind the inmate at a 45 degree angle.
What are examples of emergency moves?
one rescuer assist, two rescuer assist, firefighters carry
What is meant by a respondent in situations of mental illness?
one who needs treatment for mental illness or substance abuse and cannot voluntarily comply with treatment
When patrolling, do officers patrol buildings with their patrol car windows open or closed - why?
open - more visibility and noise hearing.
What are examples of narcotics?
opium, heroin, oxycodone, hydrocodone, Dilaudid, and Demerol.
Do you place chains over or under socks?
over
In a citation, checking the black box means the person being cited must:
pay a fine, just an infraction
anarchists
people who oppose all forms of organized government.
What is controlled resting position? (crash investigation)
perpetuated by the driver since they are in control and able to steer and brake.
gasoline smell can indicate?
person swallowed something like gas or cleaning agents.
In regards to Traffic Techniques, what are the four types of traffic apprehension?
physical arrest, traffic citation and citation for infraction, Issuance of citation for an infraction, written warning and verbal warning.
What are the three type of crowds?
physical, psychological and mob
What type of riot occurs when it's planned by an instigator with followers?
planned riot
In traffic stops, with known risk, where is the primary and secondary officer positioned? and what are they responsible for?
primary is crouched position in the open door on the driver's side of the patrol vehicle protected by the wheels and engine block. Controls commands to violator. secondary is at the rear of the primary vehicle. Controls the cufffing.
there are 16 reasons as to why an officer should refuse to confine a prisoner, what are the first 6?
prisoners who are unconscious. prisoners who are having convulsions. prisoners with any significant external bleeding. prisoners with any obvious fractures (broken bones)
In traffic stops, to give a citation, the officer must have what?
probable cause.
What are yaw marks?
produced when a vehicle travels in a curved path faster than the vehicle can handle Measure the chord, and middle ordinate in the ⅓ of yaw mark.
Aerosol dispersion does what?
produces an airborne (inhalation or skin absorption) hazard. Agents can also be sprayed in liquid form onto surfaces.
some examples of workpractice controls are ______?
prohibit smoking, eating, or applying make-up (to include lip balm) in an area where contaminated surfaces may be present.
What is the difference between alarm and rapid deployment?
rapid deployment is very fast paced, you're going to the threat. Alarm is when you take time and plan.
What do placards provide?
provide information on the type and hazards of products being transported or stored.
what does cerebrospinal fluid do?
provides nutrition, acts of shock absorber, and cushion. It is held by 3 membrane layers.
What does the rear guard do of the rolling T?
provides rear security, they need to turn and look behind. If they encounter a suspect they need to catch cover and maintain security. This officer communicates and controls speed.
anxiety disorders
psychological disorders characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety (loss of perspective)
PIT
pursuit intervention technique
cross-examination
questioning of a witness conducted by the lawyer for the opposing side (DA)
Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus (HGN) in regards to DWI traffic stops
refers to an involuntary jerking occurring as the eyes move toward the side.
what informant is productive, reliable and assists in arresting people?
regular
District attorneys
represent the state in all criminal actions brought in the superior and district courts in the district and in juvenile cases. 4 year terms
In regards to traffic techniques, what is pacing?
requires an officer to get his patrol vehicle close enough to the speeding vehicle while maintaining a following proper distance.
What is Reformer or repentance motivating factor of an informant?
restitution for past crimes.
In traffic stops, for motorcycle stops, the officer should ask operator to step to the:
right
Different turnabouts:
right side, left side, U turn, Y turn
Least hazardous driving turnabout
right turn
In patrol techniques, what is a high risk situation?
risk such as a felony traffic stop, robbery in progress, or shooting calls (orange zone)
What are the two types of retina?
rods and cons
what are the cycle of abuses in meth?
rush, high, binge, tweaking, crash, normal and withdrawal
What is the primary factor of a pursuit?
safety
Fentanyl schedule
schedule 2 - painkiller. 2 milligrams can be lethal. Can be absorbed or inhaled. Taken alone or mixed with heroin or opioids
If one inmate is being transported, where should they be seated in an unscreened car?
seat them in the right rear area.
If a second inmate is being transported, where should they be seated in an unscreened car?
seated in the center rear area and secured.
As a bailiff, it may be helpful to provide a jury with _______, in order to make sure they are lined up properly.
seating chart for the jury room.
in regards to traffic stops, there are cues to infer a DWI, for all of the cues, the officer needs to recognize the ______ evidence and record and describe the evidence later.
sensory
In regards to traffic techniques, explain the penalization phase of enforcement action.
sentencing of defendant if guilty.
classification system of inmates
separation of offenders by a variety of criteria - sex, age, and legal status.
In order for a issuance of civil process to be issued, what does it need?
signed and dated by clerk of court.
Materials with specific gravities greater than 1 will _________.
sink in water.
what are 3 types of tire marks?
skids, yaw, prints
what does bruising around the head indicate?
skull fracture
What is indicated from clear fluid in nose, blood, or ears?
skull fracture or brain damage
In civil process, what are the 3 courts?
small claims court, district court, superior court
What are the 4 types of inhalants?
solvents, gases, nitrates, aerosol sprays
Custody release
someone convicted of a felony can get what is called a split sentence. This means he can serve part of that time in county jail and the rest on what amounts to probation.
In patrol techniques, the most crucial part of the execution is the initial moments of the operation; it must be combined with what 3 components?
speed, shock, and deliberate actions.
In regards to traffic techniques, when choosing a location of the checkpoint, what should it be based on?
statistically based
For a counterfeit controlled substance, what needs to be present?
substance package is delivered, money/property is exchanged, has to look like a drug
The forgotten element of pursuit communications is what?
the need to communicate when and where the pursuit is terminated.
explosion
sudden and rapid escape of gases from a confined space, accompanied by high temperatures, violent shock, and loud noise.
in hotels/motels, if the occupant is not a guest but is a tenant, how can they be removed?
summary ejectment
In regards to traffic techniques, who should usually choose the location of a checkpoint?
supervisor
common dangers for meth labs?
suspects and weapons, explosives and booby traps
State what an officer is allowed to testify to when on the stand.
tell the TRUTH Avoid testifying more than what was observed. Correct mistakes -- even after the stand. Use "I do not recall" do not make information up. Use names or definite nouns. Testimonies should be detailed. When testifying about distances, use references in the courtroom whenever possible. If asked to identify the defendant the officer should do so very detailed. Make sketches large and clear with labels. Avoid qualifiers ( i think...) Repeat exhibits when asked to identify them. Ask to explain question if you do not understand it. Notify the district attorney if you believe your testimony might be different from another prosecution witness
For traffic stops, in order to search and vehicle and remain safe, you should have a backup, but if backup is not available and you cannot detain the occupant, what should you do?
terminate the search
What is the biggest one rescuer disadvantage?
that the wounded officer is in contact with the ground, and this can cause additional injury in rough terrain.
golden hour
the 60-minute period after a severe injury; it is the maximum acceptable time between the injury and initiation of surgery for the seriously injured trauma patient.
Which side do officers always pass on?
the LEFT
custody release bond
the Magistrate will hold the Defendant until they can be released into the custody of a third part
What is the name of the form that require that screening forms and policies and procedures that address mental health, intellectual disabilities, special population, intoxication, and suicide risk - of an inmate.
the Rules and Regulations Governing the Operations, Surveillance and Monitoring of Jail Facilities
Confinement of prisoner
the act of placing an inmate in a cell of the detention facility.
Accepting custody
the actual transfer of a prisoner from a transporting or arresting officer to the jurisdiction of the detention facility
In a civil process suit, who is served in an agency of the state?
the agencies appoint agent
A verbal warning in traffic techniques should be given by who?
the agency
second stage of labor
the baby moves into the birth canal and is delivered.
In regards to patrol techniques, in observations, does the brain see or the eyes?
the brain
How do you use leg restraints as handcuffs?
the chain between the leg restraints should be tied in a knot and threaded through the 'D-ring'
unsecured bonds
the defendant signs a contract and agrees to appear before the court. If s/he fails to do so, s/he promises to pay later the agreed bail bond amount before the court.
Stopping distance
the distance measured from the location where the operator sees a hazard or reason to cause him to stop the vehicle, to the location where the vehicle stops.
What is the first thing to check when examining the head?
the eyes
What is uncontrolled resting position? (crash investigation)
the forces of physics determine the point and time objects come to rest.
In court sessions, who keeps the verdict forms?
the foreman
The key holes on leg restraints should face ______ and the double-locking pinholes should _____.
the ground face the front of the inmate
foreclosure
the holder of a mortgage or deed of trust against real property asks the court to order sale of that property to regain title over
In patrolling, officers need to create perimeters, what is the inner perimeter?
the immediate area around kill/hot zone. (not in it, surrounds it)
What does the authorization of the inmate include?
the inmate's name, number, purpose of movement and sentence, necessary files that are to accompany him such as his records (institution and medical), any writs, commitments, or indictment papers, and orders indicating whether or not personal property, valuables, or monies are to accompany the inmate.
The hazards are marked 0-4, with 0 being what?
the lowest.
THC
the major active ingredient in marijuana in oils or resin
Which officers need to prepare for arrest or deadly force in an active shooter response?
the other 3 officers (wing + point) -- IRL: the rear will do it.
Decisions regarding the safety of the property and employees must be made by who in hazardous situations?
the person in charge, not the officer
The major danger in moving the injured quickly is ___?
the possibility of aggravating a spinal injury that could result in paralysis or death.
surveillance definition in controlled substance
the process of keeping under observation a place, a person, or an object for the purpose of identifying persons, developing information, discovering relationships between the people and places or objects, and discovering evidence
Who is in charge of communications for the contact team?
the rear guard.
If no physician is available to examine a person in custody for involuntary commitment, where will they go?
the respondent may be temporarily detained in an area facility. If an area is not available, the respondent may be detained in their home, clinic, or hospital. They cannot be held at a detention facility or any other, until examined.
In patrol techniques, what is meant by the Pat-down/frisk doctrine?
the right of the police to search a person for a concealed weapon on the basis of reasonable suspicion, established in Terry v. Ohio (1968)
Case Law
the rules of law announced in court decisions
Boiling point
the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal or greater than atmospheric pressure
If any mechanical defects or mechanical failure are detected during the pre-operational inspection or the operation of the vehicle, what should be done?
the vehicle should be removed from service until the proper repairs have been made or the deficiency has been corrected.
What is the federal response plan used as in hazardous situations?
the vehicle to coordinate consequence management efforts under PDD-39.
Rolling T method
the wing officers are already on the point man's side, rear guard remains in the back.
During the duration of a pursuit, officers must rely on what?
their maturity, patience, experience, and training while being governed by statutory law and agency policy.
In traffic stops, if you stop someone from another state, who is apart of the NRVC act, what can you do?
they can be given a citation but are not required to go to magistrate or post bond. (unless they are cited for something that can suspend or revoke ID)
In traffic stops, if you stop someone from another state, who is not apart of the NRVC act, what can you do?
they can be taken to the magistrate to post unsecured bond.
In patrol techniques, what is the duty of the contact officer?
they give commands to the suspects and maintain their position while cover goes in to initiate search or arrest.
In meth labs, what are some suspects and weapons to be aware of?
they have guns, and equipment such as video surveillance cameras, motion detectors, scanners, baby monitors, and microphones
Which type of burn is the most severe?
third degree
How many copies of forms should be submitted regarding in custody transportation?
three
How many stages of labor?
three
in regards to traffic techniques, when conducting an unknown risk stop - patrol cars need to be offset to the right or left ___ feet.
three
Sudden stop braking is
threshold braking
What is indicated from nose bleeding?
tissue damage
Written promise
to appear at the time and place specified in the written promise to appear and has not posted bail, as provided in Section 1.16. 040, the magistrate shall issue and have delivered for execution a warrant for his arrest within twenty days after his failure to appear as promised.
fracture
to break (a bone) -- partial or complete. -not all swell or deform
What is a left wing group's main goal?
to change US through revolution.
Should the bailiff be in the room during jury selection? if so, why?
to observe the actions of spectators and jurors to ensure that everything is going smoothly and that there are no distractions.
Using metal detectors, how should officers search?
top to bottom
What do you do if someone is not responding when inspecting legs for injury?
treat as if they have a spinal injury
In patrol techniques, what should you do when you come across a dead body?
treat it as a crime scene. - Notify the medical examiner. - Complete incident report.
T/F. In persons with disabilities, in a civil process suit, a guardian of the person cannot accept the complaint only a GENERAL guardian.
true
T/F. In regards to traffic techniques, all requirements must be met at ANY checkpoint.
true.
The "___-second-following" rule for normal traffic
two
In determining gang activity, what are 2 things to look for?
types of crimes and graffiti
In crowd management, what is a labor dispute?
under labor law, specific actions by employers, a union, or employees that are subject to coverage by standards set by the National Labor Relations Act
Should the vehicle be marked or unmarked when transporting an inmate?
unmarked
How much bleeding is normal during childbirth?
up to half a pint is considered normal.
When do you put on a seal?
upon exhalation
In responding to a meth lab, how should you move in the scene?
upwind and upgrade
How to you approach a WMD scene?
upwind and uphill
occasional informant
used over long periods, will not testify and give info when they want. Their information they give needs to be verified.
In observing traffic, what is the line patrol method?
uses a moving patrol car or in a stationary observation on a specific route between two points, usually on a major street or section of highway. Used with time-distance computers and radio detection and ranging (RADAR).
Which place is most common for chemical suicides?
vehicles - enclosed areas
What are types of violence used at protests?
verbal/written abuse. Noise. Officer attack. Thrown objects. Moving vehicles. Destruction of property. Demolitions and explosions. Weapons
Psychological factors that affect the officer DURING and AFTER emergency response driving.
vision, hearing, sensory, smell, timing
In regards to traffic techniques, what is Approximation?
visually estimating the speed of a moving vehicle, without the use of a speed measuring instrument.
How far should the second officer stand and where? when escorting an inmate through halls.
walks behind 2-3 feet but not further than 6-8 feet to the rear and opposite side of his partner.
Garnishment remedy
warning to a third person who has possession of property owned by a defendant or who owes the defendant a debt not to pay the money or deliver the property to the defendant
Elevated threat
warns of a credible terrorist threat against the United States
Imminent threat
warns of a credible, specific, and impending terrorist threat against the United States
What are some environmental considerations when driving?
weather conditions, road conditions, light conditions
In human trafficking "certification" refers to what?
when a victim has either been granted continued presence and is willing to assist law enforcement; or filed for a T visa that has met qualifying specifications.
droplet transmission
when droplets of blood or OPIMs containing pathogens are expelled during coughing, sneezing, talking, etc. and are transferred to the exposed person's mucous membranes. This typically takes place within a distance of up to six (6) feet.
In traffic stops, what is phase 1 of a DWI?
when something draws your attention to a car due to the driver actions - how they maneuver.
In regards to traffic techniques, explain the apprehension phase of enforcement action.
when the officer follows the offender, establishes authority for stopping offender and initiates stop. This depends on circumstances, severity, discretion of officer and agency policy.
When does the recovery phase begin in WMD situations?
when the scene is stabilized and the last victim is transported to a medical facility; it ends with the completion of a contamination survey.
what are print marks?
when the vehicle was rotating normal but traveled through material or fluid.
Who is in charge of providing a two person cover in a rapid deployment situation?
wing officers
Diamond method
wing officers move up on-line with the point man when passing open rooms, crossing hallway intersections or when challenging a suspect.
When does the restoration phase begin in WMD situations?
with the completion of the contamination survey and ends when complete hazard remediation has been accomplished. Restoration involves elimination of contamination and the restoration of the incident site to its original state.
Servile marriage
women married against their will or forced into prostitution
Can EMS come in to sedate someone with mental illness?
yes
In patrolling, can an officer ask a person with a gun permit to step out of their car when conducting a step?
yes.
Birch reduction/Nazi method of meth, yields how much meth? Who is usually the producer?
yields ounce- quantities by independent producer
____ of children have some mental problem.
⅓
