Blood Vessels and Circulation Anatomy II Exam 1

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Baroreceptors that detect changes in blood pressure are located in the superior and inferior vena cava. True False

Baroreceptors that detect changes in blood pressure are located in the superior and inferior vena cava. True *False*

Blood pressure is equivalent to: hydrostatic pressure. oncotic pressure. net filtration pressure colloid osmotic pressure

Blood pressure is equivalent to: *hydrostatic pressure.* oncotic pressure. net filtration pressure colloid osmotic pressure

Blood pressure is equivalent to: hydrostatic pressure. oncotic pressure net filtration pressure colloid osmotic pressure

Blood pressure is equivalent to: *hydrostatic pressure.* oncotic pressure net filtration pressure colloid osmotic pressure

By which method can large substances cross the endothelial cells and exit a capillary? transcytosis facilitated diffusion osmosis diffusion

By which method can large substances cross the endothelial cells and exit a capillary? *transcytosis* facilitated diffusion osmosis diffusion

By which method can large substances cross the endothelial cells and exit a capillary? facilitated diffusion transcytosis osmosis diffusion

By which method can large substances cross the endothelial cells and exit a capillary? facilitated diffusion *transcytosis* osmosis diffusion

Damage to the external iliac artery will affect delivery of blood to the: upper limb. lower limb. brain. abdominal organs.

Damage to the external iliac artery will affect delivery of blood to the: upper limb. *lower limb.* brain. abdominal organs.

Determine fluid movement when hydrostatic pressure exceeds colloid osmotic pressure at the arteriolar end of the capillary. -water is pushed out of the capillary by filtration -there is no net movement of water -water is pulled into the capillary by absorption -water is pushed into the capillary by absorption

Determine fluid movement when hydrostatic pressure exceeds colloid osmotic pressure at the arteriolar end of the capillary. *-water is pushed out of the capillary by filtration* -there is no net movement of water -water is pulled into the capillary by absorption -water is pushed into the capillary by absorption

Determine fluid movement when hydrostatic pressure exceeds colloid osmotic pressure at the arteriolar end of the capillary. water is pushed out of the capillary by filtration water is pushed into the capillary by absorption there is no net movement of water water is pulled into the capillary by absorption

Determine fluid movement when hydrostatic pressure exceeds colloid osmotic pressure at the arteriolar end of the capillary. *-water is pushed out of the capillary by filtration* -water is pushed into the capillary by absorption -there is no net movement of water -water is pulled into the capillary by absorption

Determine the mean arterial pressure (MAP) given a systolic pressure of 130 mm Hg and diastolic pressure of 70 mm Hg. 90 mm Hg 70 mm Hg 130 mm Hg 200 mm Hg

Determine the mean arterial pressure (MAP) given a systolic pressure of 130 mm Hg and diastolic pressure of 70 mm Hg. *90 mm Hg* 70 mm Hg 130 mm Hg 200 mm Hg *(dx2+s)/3*

Determine the mean arterial pressure (MAP) given a systolic pressure of 130 mm Hg and diastolic pressure of 70 mm Hg. 70 mm Hg 90 mm Hg 130 mm Hg 200 mm Hg

Determine the mean arterial pressure (MAP) given a systolic pressure of 130 mm Hg and diastolic pressure of 70 mm Hg. 70 mm Hg *90 mm Hg* 130 mm Hg 200 mm Hg *formula (diastolic x 2 + systolic)/3*

Fenestrations in capillaries are small pores that allow water and small substances to move freely through these pores. True False

Fenestrations in capillaries are small pores that allow water and small substances to move freely through these pores. *True* False

Hypertension is defined as: low blood pressure. high blood pressure. high blood sugar. excess aldosterone.

Hypertension is defined as: low blood pressure. *high blood pressure.* high blood sugar. excess aldosterone.

Into what vein do the splenic, gastric, superior mesenteric, and inferior mesenteric veins drain? hepatic portal vein inferior epigastric vein hepatic vein inferior vena cava

Into what vein do the splenic, gastric, superior mesenteric, and inferior mesenteric veins drain? *hepatic portal vein* inferior epigastric vein hepatic vein inferior vena cava

Into which vein does blood in the external jugular vein drain? internal jugular vein inferior vena cava vertebral vein subclavian vein

Into which vein does blood in the external jugular vein drain? internal jugular vein inferior vena cava vertebral vein *subclavian vein*

Most veins below the diaphragm drain into the: inferior vena cava superior vena cava hepatic vein superior mesenteric vein

Most veins below the diaphragm drain into the: *inferior vena cava* superior vena cava hepatic vein superior mesenteric vein

Peripheral resistance includes all of the following EXCEPT: blood viscosity. blood type. vessel radius. blood vessel length.

Peripheral resistance includes all of the following EXCEPT: blood viscosity. *blood type.* vessel radius. blood vessel length.

Place in order from superficial to deep the three tunics of a typical blood vessel. -tunica media, tunica intima, tunica externa -tunica externa, tunica intima, tunica media -tunica intima, tunica media, tunica externa -tunica externa, tunica media, tunica intima

Place in order from superficial to deep the three tunics of a typical blood vessel. -tunica media, tunica intima, tunica externa -tunica externa, tunica intima, tunica media -tunica intima, tunica media, tunica externa *-tunica externa, tunica media, tunica intima*

Select the correct relationship between peripheral resistance and blood pressure. -As peripheral resistance increases, blood pressure increases. -As peripheral resistance decreases, blood pressure increases. -As peripheral resistance increases, blood pressure decreases. -Peripheral resistance has no effect on blood pressure.

Select the correct relationship between peripheral resistance and blood pressure. *-As peripheral resistance increases, blood pressure increases.* -As peripheral resistance decreases, blood pressure increases. -As peripheral resistance increases, blood pressure decreases. -Peripheral resistance has no effect on blood pressure.

The average pressure in the systemic arteries during an entire cardiac cycle is known as: venous pressure. systolic pressure. pulmonary circuit. mean arterial pressure (MAP).

The average pressure in the systemic arteries during an entire cardiac cycle is known as: venous pressure. systolic pressure. pulmonary circuit. *mean arterial pressure (MAP).*

What hormone is released to decrease blood pressure? antidiuretic hormone (ADH) atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) angiotensin-II aldosterone

What hormone is released to decrease blood pressure? antidiuretic hormone (ADH) *atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)* angiotensin-II aldosterone

What is edema? swelling net filtration pressure absorption dehydration

What is edema? *swelling* net filtration pressure absorption dehydration

What is systole? contraction phase of the heart pressure in the veins pressure in the arteries relaxation phase of the heart

What is systole? *contraction phase of the heart* pressure in the veins pressure in the arteries relaxation phase of the heart

What is the average value for mean arterial pressure (MAP)? 80 mm Hg 95 mm Hg 120 mm Hg 150 mm Hg

What is the average value for mean arterial pressure (MAP)? 80 mm Hg *95 mm Hg* 120 mm Hg 150 mm Hg

What is the largest artery in the body? left common carotid artery left subclavian artery pulmonary trunk aorta

What is the largest artery in the body? left common carotid artery left subclavian artery pulmonary trunk *aorta*

The closure of a precapillary sphincter prevents blood flow to tissues from: elastic arteries. venules. muscular arteries. arterioles.

The closure of a precapillary sphincter prevents blood flow to tissues from: elastic arteries. venules. muscular arteries. *arterioles.*

The majority of the arterial supply to the head and neck comes from the __________. brachiocephalic artery common iliac arteries internal jugular veins common carotid arteries

The majority of the arterial supply to the head and neck comes from the __________. brachiocephalic artery common iliac arteries internal jugular veins *common carotid arteries*

Under what conditions will the myogenic mechanism slow blood flow into a capillary bed? rising hydrogen ion levels rising carbon dioxide levels rising arteriolar pressure dropping arteriole pressure

Under what conditions will the myogenic mechanism slow blood flow into a capillary bed? rising hydrogen ion levels rising carbon dioxide levels *rising arteriolar pressure* dropping arteriole pressure

Veins regulate blood pressure and control blood flow to organs. True False

Veins regulate blood pressure and control blood flow to organs. True *False*

Veins regulate blood pressure and control blood flow to organs. True False

Veins regulate blood pressure and control blood flow to organs. True *False*

Vessels with a smaller radius will have an increased resistance to blood flow. True False

Vessels with a smaller radius will have an increased resistance to blood flow. *True* False

Water can move across capillary walls by __________. active transport transcytosis diffusion osmosis

Water can move across capillary walls by __________. active transport transcytosis diffusion *osmosis*

Water crosses capillary beds by: facilitated diffusion. transcytosis. diffusion. filtration.

Water crosses capillary beds by: facilitated diffusion. transcytosis. diffusion. *filtration.*

What force draws water back into the capillary bed? atmospheric pressure hydrostatic pressure allostatic pressure osmotic pressure

What force draws water back into the capillary bed? atmospheric pressure hydrostatic pressure allostatic pressure *osmotic pressure*

What happens to blood pressure after exercise? fluctuates until it equalizes drops dramatically decreases increases

What happens to blood pressure after exercise? fluctuates until it equalizes drops dramatically decreases *increases*

What hormone is released to decrease blood pressure? antidiuretic hormone (ADH) atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) angiotensin-II aldosterone

What hormone is released to decrease blood pressure? antidiuretic hormone (ADH) *atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)* angiotensin-II aldosterone

A cerebrovascular accident (CVA, or stroke) can occur due to a blockage in the: occipital artery. facial artery. basilar artery. axillary artery.

A cerebrovascular accident (CVA, or stroke) can occur due to a blockage in the: occipital artery. facial artery. *basilar artery.* axillary artery.

Archie took several deep breaths of air. By breathing deeply, what mechanism did he assist to return blood to his heart? respiratory pump mean arterial pressure (MAP) Korotkoff sounds skeletal muscle pump

Archie took several deep breaths of air. By breathing deeply, what mechanism did he assist to return blood to his heart? *respiratory pump* mean arterial pressure (MAP) Korotkoff sounds skeletal muscle pump

Arteries in the systemic circuit carry oxygenated blood while arteries in the pulmonary circuit transport deoxygenated blood. True False

Arteries in the systemic circuit carry oxygenated blood while arteries in the pulmonary circuit transport deoxygenated blood. *True* False

Calculate the Net Filtration Pressure if the Hydrostatic pressure is 40 mm Hg and the Colloid osmotic pressure is 25 mm Hg. - 15 mm Hg 15 mm Hg 25 mm Hg 65 mm Hg

Calculate the Net Filtration Pressure if the Hydrostatic pressure is 40 mm Hg and the Colloid osmotic pressure is 25 mm Hg. - 15 mm Hg *15 mm Hg* 25 mm Hg 65 mm Hg *H-C*

Central chemoreceptors detect a decrease in pH in interstitial fluids in the brain. What is the response of the medulla to maintain delivery of oxygen to cells? -A feedback loop is initiated that indirectly increases parasympathetic activity which results in vasoconstriction and a rise in blood pressure. -A feedback loop is initiated that indirectly increases parasympathetic activity which results in vasodilation and a decrease in blood pressure. -A feedback loop is initiated that indirectly decreases sympathetic activity which results in vasodilation and a decrease in blood pressure. -A feedback loop is initiated that indirectly increases sympathetic activity which results in vasoconstriction and a rise in blood pressure.

Central chemoreceptors detect a decrease in pH in interstitial fluids in the brain. What is the response of the medulla to maintain delivery of oxygen to cells? -A feedback loop is initiated that indirectly increases parasympathetic activity which results in vasoconstriction and a rise in blood pressure. -A feedback loop is initiated that indirectly increases parasympathetic activity which results in vasodilation and a decrease in blood pressure. -A feedback loop is initiated that indirectly decreases sympathetic activity which results in vasodilation and a decrease in blood pressure. *-A feedback loop is initiated that indirectly increases sympathetic activity which results in vasoconstriction and a rise in blood pressure.*

Compared to veins, arteries have __________. more valves lower pressure larger lumen thicker tunica media

Compared to veins, arteries have __________. more valves lower pressure larger lumen *thicker tunica media*

What name does the femoral artery take as it emerges in the posterior thigh? anterior tibial artery popliteal artery posterior tibial artery dorsalis pedis artery

What name does the femoral artery take as it emerges in the posterior thigh? anterior tibial artery *popliteal artery* posterior tibial artery dorsalis pedis artery

What two values are needed to calculate mean arterial pressure (MAP)? -heart rate and peripheral resistance -stroke volume and cardiac output -blood vessel length and blood vessel radius -diastolic pressure and systolic pressure

What two values are needed to calculate mean arterial pressure (MAP)? -heart rate and peripheral resistance -stroke volume and cardiac output -blood vessel length and blood vessel radius *-diastolic pressure and systolic pressure*

What two values are needed to calculate mean arterial pressure (MAP)? heart rate and peripheral resistance stroke volume and cardiac output blood vessel length and blood vessel radius diastolic pressure and systolic pressure

What two values are needed to calculate mean arterial pressure (MAP)? heart rate and peripheral resistance stroke volume and cardiac output blood vessel length and blood vessel radius *diastolic pressure and systolic pressure*

What type of capillaries have large pores within their endothelial cells and are the leakiest? fenestrated capillaries continuous capillaries sinusoidal capillaries closed capillaries

What type of capillaries have large pores within their endothelial cells and are the leakiest? fenestrated capillaries continuous capillaries *sinusoidal capillaries* closed capillaries

What type of vessel is built to handle the highest pressure of any vessel in the cardiovascular system? arteriole metarteriole elastic artery muscular artery

What type of vessel is built to handle the highest pressure of any vessel in the cardiovascular system? arteriole metarteriole *elastic artery* muscular artery

What vessels typically carry blood away from the heart? arteries venules veins capillaries

What vessels typically carry blood away from the heart? *arteries* venules veins capillaries

What vessels typically carry blood away from the heart? venules capillaries veins arteries

What vessels typically carry blood away from the heart? venules capillaries veins *arteries*

Which artery supplies the small intestine with blood? inferior mesenteric artery middle mesenteric artery superior mesenteric artery hepatic artery

Which artery supplies the small intestine with blood? inferior mesenteric artery middle mesenteric artery *superior mesenteric artery* hepatic artery

Which blood vessel branches from the brachial artery? maxillary artery vertebral artery radial artery lingual artery

Which blood vessel branches from the brachial artery? maxillary artery vertebral artery *radial artery* lingual artery

Which blood vessels experience the sharpest decrease in blood pressure? systemic veins systemic arterioles systemic capillary beds systemic venules

Which blood vessels experience the sharpest decrease in blood pressure? systemic veins *systemic arterioles* systemic capillary beds systemic venules

Which blood vessels experience the sharpest decrease in blood pressure? systemic capillary beds systemic venules systemic veins systemic arterioles

Which blood vessels experience the sharpest decrease in blood pressure? systemic capillary beds systemic venules systemic veins *systemic arterioles*

Which blood vessels handle the highest blood pressure? pulmonary arteries pulmonary veins systemic arteries systemic veins

Which blood vessels handle the highest blood pressure? pulmonary arteries pulmonary veins *systemic arteries* systemic veins

Which blood vessels handle the highest blood pressure? pulmonary arteries pulmonary veins systemic arteries systemic veins

Which blood vessels handle the highest blood pressure? pulmonary arteries pulmonary veins *systemic arteries* systemic veins

Which capillary would be least likely to allow substances to enter or exit the blood due to tight junctions that join the endothelial cells? continuous capillaries sinusoidal capillaries closed capillaries fenestrated capillaries

Which capillary would be least likely to allow substances to enter or exit the blood due to tight junctions that join the endothelial cells? *continuous capillaries* sinusoidal capillaries closed capillaries fenestrated capillaries

Which capillary would be least likely to allow substances to enter or exit the blood due to tight junctions that join the endothelial cells? sinusoidal capillaries fenestrated capillaries continuous capillaries closed capillaries

Which capillary would be least likely to allow substances to enter or exit the blood due to tight junctions that join the endothelial cells? sinusoidal capillaries fenestrated capillaries *continuous capillaries* closed capillaries

Which circuit has the greatest resistance? pulmonary circuit hepatic circuit venous circuit systemic circuit

Which circuit has the greatest resistance? pulmonary circuit hepatic circuit venous circuit *systemic circuit*

Which of the following arteries has the smallest diameter? elastic artery arteriole muscular artery metarteriole

Which of the following arteries has the smallest diameter? elastic artery arteriole muscular artery *metarteriole*

Which of the following connects vessels through vascular anastomoses? collaterals postcapillary venules capillary beds precapillary sphincters

Which of the following connects vessels through vascular anastomoses? *collaterals* postcapillary venules capillary beds precapillary sphincters

Which of the following describes an anastomosis? -vessels supplying the tunica media and tunica external of blood vessels -a special type of circuit in which veins feed a capillary bed -smallest arterioles which directly feed capillary beds -an artery empties directly into a vein without passing through a capillary bed

Which of the following describes an anastomosis? -vessels supplying the tunica media and tunica external of blood vessels -a special type of circuit in which veins feed a capillary bed -smallest arterioles which directly feed capillary beds *-an artery empties directly into a vein without passing through a capillary bed*

Which of the following hormones decreases heart rate, and thus cardiac output and blood pressure? epinephrine angiotensin-II acetylcholine norepinephrine

Which of the following hormones decreases heart rate, and thus cardiac output and blood pressure? epinephrine angiotensin-II *acetylcholine* norepinephrine

Which of the following is NOT an artery that branches off the aortic arch? left common carotid artery right subclavian artery left subclavian artery brachiocephalic artery

Which of the following is NOT an artery that branches off the aortic arch? left common carotid artery *right subclavian artery* left subclavian artery brachiocephalic artery

Which of the following represents the systemic flow of most blood? arteriole, artery, capillary bed, venule, vein artery, arteriole, capillary bed, vein, venule arteriole, artery, capillary bed, vein, venule artery, arteriole, capillary bed, venule, vein

Which of the following represents the systemic flow of most blood? arteriole, artery, capillary bed, venule, vein artery, arteriole, capillary bed, vein, venule arteriole, artery, capillary bed, vein, venule *artery, arteriole, capillary bed, venule, vein*

Which of the following situations creates edema? -a negative net filtration pressure (NFP) -an increase in the colloid osmotic pressure -an increase in the capillary hydrostatic pressure gradient -a decrease in the capillary hydrostatic pressure gradient

Which of the following situations creates edema? -a negative net filtration pressure (NFP) -an increase in the colloid osmotic pressure *-an increase in the capillary hydrostatic pressure gradient* -a decrease in the capillary hydrostatic pressure gradient

Which of the following statements about capillaries is INCORRECT? -There are a lot of capillaries in the body. -A capillary has a small cross-sectional area. -Capillaries have a large total cross-sectional area. -The velocity of blood flow increases as blood flows into capillaries.

Which of the following statements about capillaries is INCORRECT? -There are a lot of capillaries in the body. -A capillary has a small cross-sectional area. -Capillaries have a large total cross-sectional area. *-The velocity of blood flow increases as blood flows into capillaries.*

Which of the following stimuli is detected by a chemoreceptor? vasodilation of arterioles decreased blood oxygen concentration stretch in the walls of arteries increased blood pressure

Which of the following stimuli is detected by a chemoreceptor? vasodilation of arterioles *decreased blood oxygen concentration* stretch in the walls of arteries increased blood pressure

Which of the following vessels has the lowest blood pressure? elastic arteries inferior vena cava aorta capillary beds

Which of the following vessels has the lowest blood pressure? elastic arteries *inferior vena cava* aorta capillary beds

Which of the following vessels will have the lowest blood pressure? vein artery venule arteriole

Which of the following vessels will have the lowest blood pressure? *vein* artery venule arteriole

Which of these changes will result in increased blood pressure? decreased blood viscosity increased blood volume decrease cardiac output increased vessel radius

Which of these changes will result in increased blood pressure? decreased blood viscosity *increased blood volume* decrease cardiac output increased vessel radius

Which organ(s) regulate blood volume by altering the amount of fluid released in urine? liver spleen pancreas kidneys

Which organ(s) regulate blood volume by altering the amount of fluid released in urine? liver spleen pancreas *kidneys*

Which pressure is created by the presence of large proteins in the blood, such as albumin? hydrostatic pressure interstitial fluid osmotic pressure colloid osmotic pressure interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure

Which pressure is created by the presence of large proteins in the blood, such as albumin? hydrostatic pressure interstitial fluid osmotic pressure *colloid osmotic pressure* interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure

Which pressure remains the same along the length of the capillary? colloid osmotic pressure interstitial fluid osmotic pressure interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure capillary hydrostatic pressure

Which pressure remains the same along the length of the capillary? *colloid osmotic pressure* interstitial fluid osmotic pressure interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure capillary hydrostatic pressure

Which vessels are the most compliant? systemic veins systemic arteries systemic arterioles systemic metarterioles

Which vessels are the most compliant? *systemic veins* systemic arteries systemic arterioles systemic metarterioles

Which vessels serve as the blood reservoirs of the body? muscular arteries metarterioles veins arterioles

Which vessels serve as the blood reservoirs of the body? muscular arteries metarterioles *veins* arterioles

Which vessels serve as the blood reservoirs of the body? veins muscular arteries arterioles metarterioles

Which vessels serve as the blood reservoirs of the body? *veins* muscular arteries arterioles metarterioles

Which vessels vasoconstrict in response to epinephrine and norepinephrine? capillaries venules systemic arterioles coronary arterioles

Which vessels vasoconstrict in response to epinephrine and norepinephrine? capillaries venules *systemic arterioles* coronary arterioles


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