bsc 1005
Fats are made of ________ and ________.
Fatty acids and glycerol
Most human cells contain ______ chromosomes.
46
What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?
A single cell divides into two cells in mitosis but into four cells in meiosis.
. Fig above shows mitotic cell division. What phase is occurring?
Anaphase
. Examine the figure below. Nucleosomes are made of ________.
DNA and histone proteins
Chromatin consists of ______.
DNA and protein
What are nucleosomes made of?
DNA wrapped around histone proteins
The movement of molecules from regions of higher concentration to lower concentration is referred to as..
Diffusion
Fig3 depicts cell in .......
Hypertonic solution
From the figures below, Fig1 depicts cell in .......
Hypotonic solution
Both mitosis and meiosis are preceded by ______.
Interphase
Which type of cell division plays an important role in sexual reproduction
Meiosis
The movement of solvents across a semi-permeable membrane is called
Osmosis
______ are the major lipids of plasma membranes.
Phospholipids
The exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids occurs during
Synapsis
Enzymes catalyze the many reactions in a cell. There are hundreds of different enzymes in a cell—each with a unique three-dimensional shape. Why do cells have so many different enzymes?
The shape of the enzyme's active site generally fits a specific substrate.
What is the sex chromosome complement of a normal human male?
XY
. The region of an enzyme to which a substrate binds is called the ______ site
active
The cell is sometimes described as a protein factory. If that is true, which accurately describes the functions of the endomembrane system?
all of the above
In eukaryotic cells, what name is given to the region between the nucleus and the plasma membrane?
cytoplasm
Which of the following is a measure of disorder?
entropy
Some protozoans have special organelles called contractile vacuoles that continually eliminate excess water from the cell. The presence of these organelles tells you that the environment ______.
is hypotonic to the protozoan
A cell that neither gains nor loses water when it is immersed in a solution is ______.
isotonic to its environment
.The chromosomes of eukaryotic cells are found in the ______.
nucleus
Which of the following is a function of the plasma membrane?
regulation of the passage of material into and out of the cell
Anything that prevents ATP formation will most likely ______.
result in cell death
Which of the following is NOT a component of the endomembrane system?
ribosome
What is energy?
the capacity to do work
What structures move proteins from the ER to the Golgi apparatus?
transport vesicles
You have discovered a new cell and see that it has a Golgi apparatus. It could be a member of
. Eukarya
In order to transform the _______ of ATP into _______ available to do work, the bonds of ATP must be broken into ADP and an available phosphate group.
. potential energy; kinetic energy
How can an antibiotic target infecting bacterial cells but not the human cells of a patient's body?
Antibiotic medicines target structures, such as cell walls, that bacteria have but human cells do not
Monosaccharides are the building blocks of which of these macromolecules
Carbohydrate
The cell organelle that selectively allows molecules to move in and out of the cell is called
Cell membrane
Which of these events occurs during anaphase?
Centromeres divide
The body cells of animals have ............ chromosomes
Diploid
During interphase, the nucleus is visible and the cell divides.
False
Meiosis undergoes two cell divisions and two DNA replications
False
Mitosis involves two divisions producing a total of four daughter cells.
False
A cell that completed the cell cycle WITHOUT undergoing cytokinesis would ______.
have two nuclei
At what phase of cell cycle does synthesis of cell organelles occur?
G2 phase
Sucrose is a disaccharide composed of _________ and ________.
Glucose and fructose
The three domains of life are Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. What is the principal difference between eukaryotes (Eukarya) and prokaryotes (Archaea and Bacteria)?
In eukaryotes, the interior of the cell is divided by internal membranes into specialized compartments.
What is the longest phase of the cell cycle
Interphase
Which of the following is NOT a stage of mitosis?
Interphase
Fig2 depicts cell in .......
Isotonic solution
The genetic material is duplicated during ______.
S phase
Which of the following is the best description of the events of anaphase I?
Sister chromatids separate and the daughter chromosomes migrate to opposite poles.
Mitosis has these four phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase
True
A cell's cytoskeleton is a network of protein fibers that help a cell keep its shape. What other important function does the cytoskeleton serve?
The cytoskeleton guides organelles that must move from place to place within the cell
Synapsis occurs when homologous pairs of chromosomes pair up
True
The interphase includes G1, S and G2 phases
True
The following represent the purpose for Meiosis except
To replace damaged cells
Cytokinesis occurs during the mitotic phase of cell cycle
True
Meiosis involves two divisions producing a total of four daughter cells.
True
Which would be more abundant in a muscle cell immediately after exercise?
b. and c. adp and phosphate
As shown in the following figure, plant cell cytokinesis differs from animal cell cytokinesis because ________
plant cells form a cell plate and animal cells do not
Sister chromatids are joined at the ______.
centromere
. A duplicated chromosome consists of two ______.
chromatids
The principle that energy cannot be created or destroyed in known as ______.
conservation of energy
The difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells is that eukaryotic cells ______ prokaryotic cells.
have a nucleus, which is lacking in
Lysosomes are responsible for ______
intracellular digestion
Which of the following is a function of the Golgi apparatus?
intracellular digestion
Where does protein synthesis take place?
on ribosomes
The concept of a membrane as a fluid mosaic reflects the ability of ________.
phospholipids and most proteins to drift about in the plane of the membrane