bsc 1005

Fats are made of ________ and ________.

Fatty acids and glycerol

Most human cells contain ______ chromosomes.

46

What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?

A single cell divides into two cells in mitosis but into four cells in meiosis.

. Fig above shows mitotic cell division. What phase is occurring?

Anaphase

. Examine the figure below. Nucleosomes are made of ________.

DNA and histone proteins

Chromatin consists of ______.

DNA and protein

What are nucleosomes made of?

DNA wrapped around histone proteins

The movement of molecules from regions of higher concentration to lower concentration is referred to as..

Diffusion

Fig3 depicts cell in .......

Hypertonic solution

From the figures below, Fig1 depicts cell in .......

Hypotonic solution

Both mitosis and meiosis are preceded by ______.

Interphase

Which type of cell division plays an important role in sexual reproduction

Meiosis

The movement of solvents across a semi-permeable membrane is called

Osmosis

______ are the major lipids of plasma membranes.

Phospholipids

The exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids occurs during

Synapsis

Enzymes catalyze the many reactions in a cell. There are hundreds of different enzymes in a cell—each with a unique three-dimensional shape. Why do cells have so many different enzymes?

The shape of the enzyme's active site generally fits a specific substrate.

What is the sex chromosome complement of a normal human male?

XY

. The region of an enzyme to which a substrate binds is called the ______ site

active

The cell is sometimes described as a protein factory. If that is true, which accurately describes the functions of the endomembrane system?

all of the above

In eukaryotic cells, what name is given to the region between the nucleus and the plasma membrane?

cytoplasm

Which of the following is a measure of disorder?

entropy

Some protozoans have special organelles called contractile vacuoles that continually eliminate excess water from the cell. The presence of these organelles tells you that the environment ______.

is hypotonic to the protozoan

A cell that neither gains nor loses water when it is immersed in a solution is ______.

isotonic to its environment

.The chromosomes of eukaryotic cells are found in the ______.

nucleus

Which of the following is a function of the plasma membrane?

regulation of the passage of material into and out of the cell

Anything that prevents ATP formation will most likely ______.

result in cell death

Which of the following is NOT a component of the endomembrane system?

ribosome

What is energy?

the capacity to do work

What structures move proteins from the ER to the Golgi apparatus?

transport vesicles

You have discovered a new cell and see that it has a Golgi apparatus. It could be a member of

. Eukarya

In order to transform the _______ of ATP into _______ available to do work, the bonds of ATP must be broken into ADP and an available phosphate group.

. potential energy; kinetic energy

How can an antibiotic target infecting bacterial cells but not the human cells of a patient's body?

Antibiotic medicines target structures, such as cell walls, that bacteria have but human cells do not

Monosaccharides are the building blocks of which of these macromolecules

Carbohydrate

The cell organelle that selectively allows molecules to move in and out of the cell is called

Cell membrane

Which of these events occurs during anaphase?

Centromeres divide

The body cells of animals have ............ chromosomes

Diploid

During interphase, the nucleus is visible and the cell divides.

False

Meiosis undergoes two cell divisions and two DNA replications

False

Mitosis involves two divisions producing a total of four daughter cells.

False

A cell that completed the cell cycle WITHOUT undergoing cytokinesis would ______.

have two nuclei

At what phase of cell cycle does synthesis of cell organelles occur?

G2 phase

Sucrose is a disaccharide composed of _________ and ________.

Glucose and fructose

The three domains of life are Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. What is the principal difference between eukaryotes (Eukarya) and prokaryotes (Archaea and Bacteria)?

In eukaryotes, the interior of the cell is divided by internal membranes into specialized compartments.

What is the longest phase of the cell cycle

Interphase

Which of the following is NOT a stage of mitosis?

Interphase

Fig2 depicts cell in .......

Isotonic solution

The genetic material is duplicated during ______.

S phase

Which of the following is the best description of the events of anaphase I?

Sister chromatids separate and the daughter chromosomes migrate to opposite poles.

Mitosis has these four phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase

True

A cell's cytoskeleton is a network of protein fibers that help a cell keep its shape. What other important function does the cytoskeleton serve?

The cytoskeleton guides organelles that must move from place to place within the cell

Synapsis occurs when homologous pairs of chromosomes pair up

True

The interphase includes G1, S and G2 phases

True

The following represent the purpose for Meiosis except

To replace damaged cells

Cytokinesis occurs during the mitotic phase of cell cycle

True

Meiosis involves two divisions producing a total of four daughter cells.

True

Which would be more abundant in a muscle cell immediately after exercise?

b. and c. adp and phosphate

As shown in the following figure, plant cell cytokinesis differs from animal cell cytokinesis because ________

plant cells form a cell plate and animal cells do not

Sister chromatids are joined at the ______.

centromere

. A duplicated chromosome consists of two ______.

chromatids

The principle that energy cannot be created or destroyed in known as ______.

conservation of energy

The difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells is that eukaryotic cells ______ prokaryotic cells.

have a nucleus, which is lacking in

Lysosomes are responsible for ______

intracellular digestion

Which of the following is a function of the Golgi apparatus?

intracellular digestion

Where does protein synthesis take place?

on ribosomes

The concept of a membrane as a fluid mosaic reflects the ability of ________.

phospholipids and most proteins to drift about in the plane of the membrane