BSCC 1084 Exam 2 Study Ch 9 - 16
At which numbered point(s) in the diagram is the sound wave moving through the air?
1 ONLY
Conduction deafness could result from damage to structures involved in step(s):
1, 2, 3, and 4
In the autonomic nervous system, there are ___ neuron(s) between the CNS and the visceral effector.
2
Which labeled structure in the diagram contains the cell bodies of sensory neurons? Use the letter
A
Which of the diagrams in the figure shows a motor pathway that is under voluntary control? Use the letter
A
Which of the diagrams in the figure shows a motor pathway that uses acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter?
A
Which of the labeled structures in the diagram is the "receiving" or "input" part of the neuron? Use the letter
A
Which of the following labeled structures in the diagram are normal sites of production of cerebrospinal fluid?
A, B, C
Which of the labeled structures in the diagram contain axons of ganglion neurons that originate in the retina?
A, B, and C
The neurotransmitter released by postganglionic fibers in the parasympathetic division is
Acetylcholine
The preganglionic motor neurons of the sympathetic division of the ANS release
Acetylcholine
The medical term for pain relief is
Analgesia
Which of the labeled structures in the diagram is the optic chiasm? Use the letter
B
What ions directly triggers the release of neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft?
Calcium
Which of the following types of ions would move through the channel labeled E in the diagram and trigger the release of neurotransmitter?
Calcium
The area of the brain that regulates posture and balance and is essential for all skilled motor activities is the
Cerebellum
Which of the labeled structures in the diagram is the site of reabsorption of the cerebrospinal fluid back into the bloodstream? Use the letter
D
Which of the labeled structures in the diagram represents a neurotransmitter receptor? Use the letter.
D
Which of the labeled structures on the diagram indicate the olfactory (I) nerve? Use the letter
D
Paralysis of both upper limbs or both lower limbs is called Correct!
Diplegia
Which of the labeled structures in the diagram is a Schwann cell? Use the letter
E
The neuroglial cell that lines the ventricles of the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord is called a(n)
Ependymal
Short, recurring, periodic attacks of motor, sensory or psychological malfunctions, which virtually never affect intelligence, are characteristics of
Epilepsy
Caffeine is found in only a few plants including those used in making coffee and tea.
F
Damage to the posterior root of the third thoracic spinal nerve would result in loss of motor function to the intercostal muscles controlled by that nerve.
F
Fear stimulates the activation of the parasympathetic division of the ANS.
F
In a somatic motor reflex, the region of the spinal cord labeled ____ in the diagram is the location of the integrating center for the reflex. Use the letter
F
Muscle coordination is a function of the medulla oblongata
F
One of the abnormalities caused by Horner's syndrome is a megacolon.
F
Parasympathetic responses usually involve the simultaneous activation of a large number of effectors.
F
Repolarization is due to the opening of sodium channels
F
Subthreshold stimulation can cause action potentials
F
Terminal ganglia are part of the sympathetic division of the ANS.
F
The anterior median fissure and the posterior median sulcus divide the spinal cord into dorsal and ventral sections.
F
The autonomic nervous system innervates skeletal muscles.
F
The brain contains approximately 100 million neurons.
F
The brain grows slowly during the first few years of life.
F
The central sulcus separates the temporal and parietal lobes.
F
The cerebrum is directly attached to the pons by the cerebral peduncles.
F
The parasympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system prepares the body for the "fight-or-flight" response.
F
The thirst center is located in the medulla oblongata.
F
The withdrawal reflex is an autonomic reflex.
F
There are four lateral ventricles in the brain.
F
When nerve fibers are cooled, impulse conduction occurs at higher speeds
F
Which of the labeled cells in the diagram are stem cells used to continually replace old or damaged olfactory receptor cells? Use the letter
F
Which of the labeled structures in the diagram is the sympathetic chain ganglion? Use the letter
F
What is exclusively an inhibitory neurotransmitter?
GABA
The _____ of the brain consists of unmyelinated axons, dendrites, neuron cell bodies and neuroglia.
Grey Matter
Which labeled structure in the diagram is the anterior median fissure? Use the letter
H
Which of the labeled structures in the diagram is the fourth ventricle? Use the letter
H
The balance between sympathetic and parasympathetic activity or autonomic "tone" is regulated by the
Hypothalamus
The brain region that controls most autonomic responses is the
Hypothalamus
What is the Roman numeral designation for the optic nerve?
II
Which Roman numerals is used to designate the trochlear nerve?
IV
An abnormally large colon caused by improperly developed parasympathetic neurons to the distal end of the colon is called
Megacolon
The cerebral peduncles attach the cerebrum to the
Midbrain
What is an autoimmune disease that results in the destruction of myelin sheaths of neurons in the central nervous system?
Multiple Sclerosis
What type of neuron is shown in the diagram?
Multipolar
Which of the following labeled structures in the diagram are considered to be terminal ganglia of the ANS?
None of the choices is correct.
The neurotransmitter released by the postganglionic fibers of the sympathetic division is
Norepinephrine
Clusters of neuronal cell bodies that form gray matter in the brain are called
Nuclei
In order to be detected, odorant molecules have to bind to the structures labeled J in the diagram, which are called
OLFACTORY HAIR
What cranial nerves is sensory only?
Olfactory
What neuroglia forms the myelin sheath around axons in the central nervous system?
Oligodendrocyte
The axon of the preganglionic neurons, the autonomic ganglia and the postganglionic neurons are all parts of the _____ nervous system.
Peripheral
What disease involves the reactivation of the herpes zoster virus?
Shingles
The _____ nervous system consists of sensory neurons and motor neurons that stimulate skeletal muscle contractions.
Somatic
The _____ nervous system contains sensory neurons and motor neurons associated with voluntary actions only.
Somatic
A shallow groove on the surface of the cerebrum is called a
Sulcus
The adrenal glands release epinephrine and norepinephrine to intensify and prolong the effects elicited by _____ postganglionic neurons.
Sympathetic
Absence of a normal pupillary light reflex may indicate damage to the brain.
T
Another term for nerve impulse is action potential
T
Autonomic dysreflexia is related to spinal cord injury and involves activation of the sympathetic nervous system.
T
Because of its connection to "fight or flight" response, increased sympathetic stimulation is connected to acute stress reactions.
T
Changes in the release of the neurotransmitter, dopamine, are associated with Parkinson's disease
T
Ependymal cells are neuroglial cells
T
From early adulthood onward, the number of neurons in the brain does not decrease much but the number of synapses steadily declines.
T
In general, damaged neurons in adults cannot be replaced by new neurons
T
Learning relaxation and stress reduction skills can reduce the harmful effects of stress on the body.
T
Some regeneration of neurons can occur in the peripheral nervous system
T
The cranial nerves are part of the peripheral nervous system (PNS)
T
The supply of glucose to the brain must be continuous to maintain normal function.
T
There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves and 31 pairs of spinal nerves.
T
The primary auditory area of the cerebrum is located in the
Temporal Lobe
The brain region responsible for relaying sensory information from the spinal cord and brain stem to the cerebrum is the
Thalamus
The duration of a single nerve impulse is approximately
a millisecond
Processes on neurons that receive and conduct impulses toward the cell body are called
dendrite
An inherited disorder in which the ANS functions abnormally resulting in symptoms like reduced tear gland secretion, motor incoordination, skin blotching and difficulty swallowing is called
dysautonomia
In the knee jerk reflex shown in the figure, which of the following components of the reflex arc contains the integrating center?
gray matter of spinal cord
What events would occur to a postsynaptic membrane in response to the presence of an inhibitory neurotransmitter?
hyperpolarization
In the knee jerk reflex shown in the figure, which of the following components of the reflex arc serves as the sensory receptor?
muscle spindle
Which of the following neurotransmitter is used to stimulate the effectors in the motor pathway labeled B in the figure?
norepinephrine
The ganglion labeled D in the diagram that stimulates saliva secretion from the parotid gland is called the
otic ganglion.
The acronym "SLUDD" is a convenient way to remember the responses of
parasympathetic
What portion of the nervous system is shown in this diagram?
parasympathetic division of ANS
In the knee jerk reflex shown in the figure, which of the following components of the reflex arc serves as the effector?
quadriceps femoris muscle
What portion of the nervous system is shown in this diagram?
sympathetic division of ANS
The physical space (labeled B in the diagram) between the presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons is called the _____ and the chemical (labeled C in the diagram) that is released to signal across this space is called a _____.
synaptic cleft; neurotransmitter
The brain regions (labeled D and E on the diagram) involved in relaying and processing visual information are the _____ and _____, respectively.
thalamus; occipital lobe of cerebrum
Which of the following cranial nerves (labeled E in the diagram) carries the parasympathetic outflow to the heart, lungs, and abdominal viscera?
vagus (X) nerve