Bulgaria/Romania J
What does the term "Special Selection" mean on a Bulgarian DGO wine label?
2 years of aging
What does the term "Special Selection" mean on a bottle of Bulgarian wine?
2 years of aging
When did Romania bring its wine classifications in line with European Union legislation?
2002 -The country established two broad categories: "Wines for Current Consumption," or table wines, and Quality Wines.
How many zones in total for both Controliran and DGO wines of Bulgaria?
47
As a whole, Bulgaria contains how many large regions of wine production?
5 Danubian Plain Thracian Lowlands Black Sea Region Struma River Valley Rose Valley
What are 3 leading producers in Romania?
Aurelia Vişinescu Recaş Terra Romana
Which producer was the first in Romania to vinify Fetească Neagră as a dry wine?
Aurelia Vişinescu at Domeniile Săhăteni Dealu Mare DOC -Hills of Muntenia and Oltenia
Which mountains are located in central Bulgaria?
Balkan Mountains -Bulgarian: Stara planina *The mountains are the source of the name of the Balkan Peninsula. *The mountain range forms the watershed between the Black Sea and Aegean Sea catchment areas
What are the 2 important mountain ranges of Bulgaria, and where are they located within Bulgaria?
Balkan Mountains (Central) Rhodope Mountains (Struma River Valley)
What are the 7 wine regions of Romania (English)?
Banat Hills of Dobrogea Crisana and Maramures Hills of Moldova Hills of Muntenia and Oltenia Transylvania Plateau Danube Terraces
What category of wine in Bulgaria is a superior controlled appellation of origin within a DGO?
Controliran -each Controliran wine must be produced from the appellation's permitted grape varietals. -Maximum yield and residual sugar content is defined for each Controliran.
Which DOC in Romania produces sweet wine that once enjoyed a reputation on par with Tokaji?
Cotnari DOC -Cotnari may be dry, but the sweet Grasa-based interpretations are the most complex and long-lived
What are the 4 most important DOC of Romania?
Cotnari DOC (Moldavia) Tarnave DOC (Transylvania) Murfatlar DOC (Dobrogea) Dealu Mare DOC (Muntenia-Oltenia)
A controliran is a superior Bulgarian controlled appellation of origin within what other category of wine?
DGO -(Declared Geographic Origin/Vino ot Deklariran Geografski)
On a bottle of Romanian DOC wine what code could be used to indicate that the grapes were botrytis-affected?
DOC-CIB * DOC-CMD: grapes harvested at full maturity DOC-CT: late-harvested grapes DOC-CIB: botrytis-affected grapes
On a bottle of Romanian DOC wine what code could be used to indicate that the grapes were harvested at full maturity?
DOC-CMD * DOC-CMD: grapes harvested at full maturity DOC-CT: late-harvested grapes DOC-CIB: botrytis-affected grapes
What are the three categories that Romanian DOC wine can be classified within to indicate grape ripeness and style?
DOC-CMD: grapes harvested at full maturity DOC-CT: late-harvested grapes DOC-CIB: botrytis-affected grapes
On a bottle of Romanian DOC wine what code could be used to indicate that the grapes were late-harvested?
DOC-CT * DOC-CMD: grapes harvested at full maturity DOC-CT: late-harvested grapes DOC-CIB: botrytis-affected grapes
Which river marks the southern Romanian border with Serbia?
Danube River -flowing eastward into the Black Sea
Which famous river empties into the Black Sea?
Danube river
The Suhindol and the Svichtov Controliran are located within what larger Bulgarian region?
Danubian Plain
What are the only major Bulgarian regions that the EU recognizes as geographical indications?
Danubian Plain Thracian Lowlands
What are the five major Bulgarian wine regions?
Danubian Plain Thracian Lowlands Black Sea Region Struma River Valley Rose Valley *the only major Bulgarian regions that the EU recognizes as geographical indications are the Danubian Plain and Thracian Lowlands
Where is Svichtov?
Danubian Plan -Controliran wine -Bulgaria
Where is Suhindol?
Danubian Plan -Controliran wine -Bulgaria -Mainly Cabernet Sauvignon
Which Romanian DOC within Muntenia-Oltenia is gaining a reputation for red wines, particularly from Cabernet Sauvignon and Pinot Noir?
Dealu Mare DOC
Aurelia Vişinescu at Domeniile Săhăteni is based in which Romanian DOC?
Dealu Mare DOC -Hills of Muntenia and Oltenia
Terra Romana is based in which Romanian DOC and which grapes are they famous for using?
Dealu Mare DOC -Hills of Muntenia and Oltenia -Fetească Albă (white) -Feteasca Neagra (red) *They also produce pinot noir, merlot, cabernet sauvignon, sauvignon blanc, riesling and chardonnay *established by Corsican domaine-owner and winemaker Count Guy Tyrel de Poix in 1993. Backed by his own money and investment from fellow Frenchmen he established one of the first private wine cellars in Romania and produced the first vintage in 1995.
What does "barik" indicate on a Bulgarian bottle?
Fermented in oak
What are three of the most common red indigenous grapes in Romania?
Feteasca Neagra Burgund Mare Băbeasca Neagră
What are the two most important grapes in Romania's Tarnave DOC?
Fetească Traminer Rosé
What are the two most cultivated white grapes in Romania?
Fetească Albă Fetească Regală -Despite a domestic preference for white wines, Romania is increasing plantings of red grapes, including the international varieties Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, and Pinot Noir
Aurelia Vişinescu at Domeniile Săhăteni in the Dealu Mare DOC, is famous for being the first producer in Romania to vinify what grape as a dry wine?
Fetească Neagră -Previously, it was vinified as a sweet or demi-sweet wine. The industry followed and now dry Fetească Neagră is a favorite for the Romanian wine drinkers and one of the best-known Romanian grapes among the UK consumers.
What are the two most planted native grapes in Bulgaria?
Gamza (Kadarka) Mavrud
What is Romania's Cotnari DOC's most prominent grape?
Grasa de Cotnari -which possibly shares a common lineage with Furmint—is capable of reaching extreme ripeness levels -having once enjoyed a reputation on par with Tokaji
What is the more noteworthy Bulgarian Controliran appellation in the Struma River Valley?
Harsovo
Where is Melnik famous for being grown?
Harsovo -Struma Valley -Bulgaria
Terra Romana is a producer based in which country?
Romania Dealu Mare DOC Hills of Muntenia and Oltenia -Fetească Albă (white) -Feteasca Neagra (red) *established by Corsican domaine-owner and winemaker Count Guy Tyrel de Poix in 1993. Backed by his own money and investment from fellow Frenchmen he established one of the first private wine cellars in Romania and produced the first vintage in 1995.
What is the more noteworthy Bulgarian Controliran appellation in the Black Sea Region?
Khan Krum
What very tannic Bulgarian grape is known for growing exclusively in the Struma River Valley?
Melnik *cross between the local Broad-leafed Melnik and French Valdeguié. Melnik 55 and Broad-leaf Melnik grow almost exclusively in Struma Valley in the Southwestern part of Bulgaria.
Where is Cotnari?
Moldavia -Romania
Romania's Cotnari DOC is within which region?
Moldavia -The sweet white wines of Cotnari DOC in Moldavia are the country's most famous vinous product, having once enjoyed a reputation on par with Tokaji
Where is Dealu Mare?
Muntenia-Oltenia -Romania
Which Romanian DOC in Dobrogea is providing promising Cabernet and Pinot Noir, alongside more traditional white wines and late harvest Chardonnay?
Murfatlar DOC
What thin-skinned grape in Bulgaria is one of the first red varietals to be harvested, and produces fresh wines suitable for youthful consumption?
Pamid
What are the two most planted white varietals in Bulgaria?
Rkatsiteli Dimiat
Feteasca Neagra, Burgund Mare, and Băbeasca Neagră are the most planted red grapes of which country?
Romania
In 2009 what country led Eastern Europe in wine production?
Romania
In what country is the wine region Dealu Mare located?
Romania
The Danubian plain of Bulgaria borders which country?
Romania
Where is Banat?
Romania
Where is the Crisana and Maramures region?
Romania
Where is the Fetească Albă grape one of the most planted grapes?
Romania
Where is the Fetească Regală grape one of the most planted grapes?
Romania
Where is the Hills of Dobrogea region?
Romania
Where is the Hills of Moldova region?
Romania
Where is the Hills of Muntenia and Oltenia region?
Romania
Where is Fetească Albă famous for being grown?
Romania -Tarnave DOC
Fetească Albă and Fetească Regală are the two most planted grapes of which country?
Romania -both white -Riesling Italico (Welschriesling), Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Muscat Ottonel and Pinot Gris also enjoy significant acreage.
Where is the Rosioara grape grown?
Romania -generally reserved for table wine production
Aurelia Vişinescu at Domeniile Săhăteni is a producer based in which country?
Romania Dealu Mare DOC Hills of Muntenia and Oltenia -first person in Romania to vinify Fetească Neagră as a dry wine
Cramele Recaş is a producer based in which country?
Romania Miniș DOC Crisana and Maramures -one of the most important wineries from Romania and the biggest in the western part of the country
What term indicates 2 years of aging on a bottle of Bulgarian wine?
Special Selection
The Harsovo Controliran is located within what larger Bulgarian region?
Struma River Valley
Where in Bulgaria are the Rhodope Mountains?
Struma River Valley
The native Melnik grape is exclusively planted in what Bulgarian region?
Struma River Valley -particularly in the DGO of Harsovo
Where is Harsovo?
Struma River Valley -Bulgaria
What does the term "barik" mean on a Bulgarian wine label?
The fermentation occurred in oak casks of 500L or less in volume
Which DOC in Romania's Moldavia region are the country's most famous vinous product made?
The sweet white wines of Cotnari DOC. -having once enjoyed a reputation on par with Tokaji
Which Bulgarian region is east of the Rhodope Mountains?
Thracian Lowlands
Which region in the center of the country, contains Romania's highest vineyards, buffered by the Carpathian peaks?
Transylvania
Where is the Tarnave?
Transylvania -Romania
True or false, Controliran wines in Bulgaria are theoretically higher in quality than DGO wines?
True
True or false, much of the growth of Bulgarian wine exports was due to their popularity in the British market?
True
Which two grapes may be blended with Grasa de Cotnari or vinified and bottled separately as varietal wines in the Romanian Cotnari DOC?
Tămâioasă Românească Fetească Albă
The Romanian "Wines for Current Consumption" category created in 2002 was subdivided into what two categories?
VM (table wine/Vin de Masa) VMS (superior table wine/Vin de Masa Superior)
What are the two broad categories for Romanian wine that were established in 2002?
Wines for Current Consumption Quality Wines
The Dealu Mare DOC within Muntenia-Oltenia is gaining a reputation for what style of wine?
red wines -particularly from Cabernet Sauvignon and Pinot Noir
What does DOC-CMD indicate of a bottle of Romanian DOC wine?
grapes harvested at full maturity
What does DOC-CT indicate of a bottle of Romanian DOC wine?
late-harvested grapes
What is the most important grape in Suhindol? -Bulgaria -Danubian Plain
Cabernet Sauvignon
What does the term "Reserve" mean on a bottle of Bulgarian wine?
1 year of aging
What are the two categories of wine produced in a specific region in Bulgaria?
-DGO (Declared Geographic Origin/Vino ot Deklariran Geografski) -Controliran wines
The Romanian wines that fall within the Quality Wines category may further be classified under which two groups?
-VS (quality wines with a geographic designation/Vin de Calitate Superioara, a PGI designation) -DOC (Denumire de Origine Controlata, a PDO designation) *Quality Wines are produced from recommended and authorized grape varietals (excluding hybrids) in one of Romania's seven major regions.
What does the term "Reserve" mean on a Bulgarian DGO wine label?
1 year of aging
How many major regions are within Romania?
7
Enira is based in which Bulgarian region?
Bessa Valley -Rose Valley
What are the two most planted "international varieties" planted in Bulgaria?
Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot -Red grapes account for more than half of Bulgaria's acreage
The Danube river flows eastward into which body of water?
Black Sea
Santa Sarah is based in which Bulgarian region?
Black Sea -Pomorie *estate owns 40 hectare of land in the village of Goritza near Pomorie and Nesebar in the Southern part of the Black Sea
The Khan Krum Controliran is located within what larger Bulgarian region?
Black Sea Region
Where is Khan Krum?
Black Sea Region -Bulgaria
Enira is a small producer based in which country?
Bulgaria
The Danubian Plain and the Thracian Lowlands are the only geographical indications recognized by the EU in which country?
Bulgaria
Where is Rose Valley?
Bulgaria
Where is Struma Valley?
Bulgaria
Santa Sarah is a small producer based in which country?
Bulgaria -Black Sea -Pomorie
Where is the Pamid grape grown?
Bulgaria -one of the first red varietals to be harvested, and produces fresh wines suitable for youthful consumption
Which country was the 4th largest exporter of wine during the 1970s and early 1980s?
Bulgaria -providing both Eastern and Western Europe with an abundance of cheap varietal wines. -90% went to the Soviet Union -Gorbachev's anti-alcohol reforms launched in 1985 stymied the huge industry, and privatization following the collapse of the Communist regime in 1990 moved at a slow pace.
Where is the Stara Planina mountain range?
Bulgaria -Bulgarian for "Balkan Mountains"
Where are the Rhodope Mountains?
Bulgaria -Struma River Valley
Which mountains dominate the center of Romania?
Carpathian Mountains -Many of Romania's wine regions form a ring along the outer slopes of the Carpathians
Where is Murfatlar?
Dobrogea -Romania
Which aromatic white grape is a specialty of the Sungurlare Controliran in Bulgaria?
Red Misket (Misket Cherven) -and of no relation to Muscat *name refers to the pinkish color of the grape. This is a dry, somewhat saline, aromatic white wine that could be imagined like a dry Moscato, with flavors of mandarin orange, rose water
What term indicates 1 year of aging on a bottle of Bulgarian wine?
Reserve
What is the name of the mountains in the Struma River Valley of Bulgaria?
Rhodope Mountains
Which mountains are associated with the Struma River Valley in Bulgaria?
Rhodope Mountains
Where is Sungurlare?
Rose Valley -Bulgaria
What grape in Romania is typically used for generic table wine production?
Rosioara -Bulgaria's Pamid
What is the crossing of Nebbiolo x Syrah and where is it primarily planted?
Rubin -Bulgaria *herbal, plummy fruit matched with somewhat rigorous tannins *created at the end of the 1950s
What is "Vin de Masa" and where is the term used?
Sub-category for "Wines for Current Consumption" -Romania *Romania has 2 broad categories: "Wines for Current Consumption" and Quality Wines. *Wines for Current Consumption" were subdivided into the categories VM (table wine/Vin de Masa) and VMS (superior table wine/Vin de Masa Superior)
What is "Vin de Masa Superior" and where is the term used?
Sub-category for "Wines for Current Consumption" -Romania -Table wine *Romania has 2 broad categories: "Wines for Current Consumption" and Quality Wines. *Wines for Current Consumption" were subdivided into the categories VM (table wine/Vin de Masa) and VMS (superior table wine/Vin de Masa Superior)
What are the more noteworthy Bulgarian Controliran appellations in the Danubian Plain?
Suhindol Svichtov
What is the more noteworthy Bulgarian Controliran appellation in the Rose Valley?
Sungurlare
Where is Red Misket famous for being grown? -Misket Cherven
Sungurlare -Controliran in Bulgaria *name refers to the pinkish color of the grape. This is a dry, somewhat saline, aromatic white wine that could be imagined like a dry Moscato, with flavors of mandarin orange, rose water
What is the most important region in Transylvania?
Tarnave DOC -Fetească Albă grape
Which DOC in Transylvania is one of Romania's coolest and most important wine regions?
Tarnave DOC -producing white wines of high acidity from several varieties, including the Fetească grapes and Traminer Rosé
Which term in Bulgaria indicates that the wine has been fermented in oak?
barik
What does DOC-CIB indicate of a bottle of Romanian DOC wine?
botrytis-affected grapes
The Rubin grape, found in Bulgaria, is a crossing of what two grapes?
crossing of Nebbiolo x Syrah