Business Intelligence and Analytics Final Exam
Which of the following DOES NOT describe the "rationalization" of data and processes according to Ross 2003?
Providing reasons for the failure of a system due to poor data or processes
CMM stage characterized by monitoring of process quality
Quantitatively Managed
Defining the problem, identifying and weighing the criteria for solutions, generating and rating alternatives, and computing the optimal decision are the six steps of...
Rational decision-making
Ross (2003) describes the architecture stage as characterized data formats and optimized business processes
Rationalized data
Belief that extraordinary events will continue to repeat themselves without justifiable cause
Regression to the Mean Bias
CMM stage characterized by basic, consistent processes
Repeatable
Which of the following is NOT an appropriate descriptor of prescriptive analytics?
Reports-based
Our ability to easily recover patterns or ideas which match the problem at hand
Retrievability Bias
Some students may have crammed for this exam and not spent the necessary weekly amount of time to succeed. With respect to their grade, they may be most accurately classified
Satisficers
Which of the following heuristics is NOT one of the four major ones discussed in class?
Simplification
According to Davenport (2006) "the right focus" refers to...
Spending the right resources on the right effort
Davenport (2006) calls this the process of identifying, recruiting, developing, and retaining talent
The right people
Per Ackoff (1967), the issue with the assumption he describes is that...
The system is not designed properly
Business analytics is sometimes described as "focused on self-service." Which of the statements below captures the essence of that statement?
There are no 'canned' reports provided to users
Which of the following is NOT an accurate description of heuristic?
They do not solve a problem
Which of the following is typical of overestimation?
Thinking you can ace a test by only studying 4 days before it, never any other time
Which of the following characteristics does not accurately describe the Standardized Technology Architecture stage (Ross 2003)?
Total elimination of silo applications
Explicit knowledge is communicated directly, but implicit is not
True
The regression to the mean effect is evident when an athlete underperforms after doing well
True
The Confirmation Heuristic helps us make decisions based on...
Verification of selected data or facts in our possession
The Availability Heuristic helps us make decisions based on...
Vivid memories of events or facts
According to Gannon (2013), the _____ age marks the time when there was no longer a question about the value and permanence of the IS function in corporations
Distribution
Technologies, processes, people, etc. which make up the firm's existing IT environment
Infrastructure
In Ch. 2 of our book, a finding by Griffin & Varey (1996) found that overconfidence...
Is not only marked but nearly universal
Which of the following statements is generally NOT ACCURATE about business intelligence, as discussed in class?
It is more useful in strategic than in tactical settings
Which of the following is typical of overprecision?
The failure to test your assumptions before making decisions
The Gartner Analytic Ascendancy Model (figure 1) shows...
The increasing value of progressively more difficult data analysis activities
In Ackoff's 1967 article, data filtering and reduction are necessary activities to help eliminate...
The overabundance of irrelevant information
Ross (2003) describes this stage as characterized by centralization of shared IT services
Standardized Technology Architecture
Which of the following is NOT an appropriate descriptor of predictive analytics?
Static
Which of the following Moore's Law descriptors is not accurate?
Storage is more irrelevant
As discussed and confirmed in class
Tables A & B are the same length
The Effect Heuristic helps us make decisions based on...
An emotional response
Ackoff (Management Misinformation Systems, 1967) describes information overload as..
An overabundance of irrelevant information
Business _____ is/are focused on self-service
Analytics
According to Davenport (2013), the "era of business intelligence" was/is
Analytics 1.0
According to Davenport (2013), the "era of big data" is
Analytics 2.0
According to Davenport (2013), the "era of data-enriched offerings" was/is
Analytics 3.0
Which of the following statements is generally ACCURATE?
Analytics are more useful in strategic than in tactical settings
When the use of an initial piece of information influences subsequent judgments
Anchoring Bias
An organized plan for IT service delivery which supports organizational objectives
Architecture
Which of the following does not accurately describe the aims of data governance?
Assign responsibility for data-related failures
Which of the following is NOT one of the five unjustifiable assumptions in IS design according to Ackoff (1867)?
Computing power and storage improve every year
"I knew it!" is a response typical of the ___ heuristic
Confirmation
Interpreting information seeking to validate preconceptions
Confirmation Trap Bias
The false propensity to see an event as predictable after it occurs
Confirmation Trap Bias
The belief that several specific conditions are more probable than a single general one
Conjunction Fallacy Bias
Gannon (2013) calls the age of mobile computing the ____ Age
Consumerization
A set of policies, guidelines, practices, and sometimes laws intended to promote the ethical management of a business
Corporate governance
According to Davenport (2013), 'data products' are not only made of data but also
Create more data and use it in the product itself
According to Davenport (2006), a "company-wide respect for measuring, testing, and evaluating quantitative evidence" is the right...
Culture
CMM stage characterized by enterprise-wide standardization of formal processes
Defined
Per class discussion, business intelligence tools and techniques are focused more on...
Describing what has happened
______ analytics focuses on describing events which have already taken place
Descriptive
Davenport (2006) claims successful analytics competitors look well beyond the use of...
Descriptive statistics
The effortlessness with which vivid and/or recent stories, events, or facts influence our perceptions
Ease of Recall Bias
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of System 2 thinking?
Effortless
Which of the following is NOT one of the three key attributes among analytics competitors discussed in Davenport (2006)?
Enterprise-wide use of descriptive statistics
Knowledge which is codified, verbalized, accessible, and easily communicated is...
Explicit
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of System 1 thinking?
Explicit
Which of the following DOES NOT accurately capture the implications of Moore's Law?
Extracting meaning from unstructured data is now a simple task
According to Davenport (2006), the use of descriptive statistics is sufficient for any firm
False
It is commonly-accepted knowledge that maximizers are better people than satisficers
False
According to Gannon (2013), during this time period organizations learned to use and deploy IT/IS widely to automate business processes on a large scale
Growth Age
Which of the following is not a primary purpose of a systems audit?
Identify guilty parties in case of failure
_____ knowledge is not typically codified, verbalized, accessible, or easily communicated
Implicit
Which of the following is inconsistent with Davenport's (2006) "enterprise approach" to competing on analytics?
Independent business units choosing best-in-class applications
According to Ross (2003), a silo architecture consists of...
Individual applications rather than a corporate plan
CMM stage characterized by very few formal processes
Initial
Our inability to consider the commonness of the occurrence of an event or fact in a data set
Insensitivity to Base Rates Bias
Generalizing to a large data set what may only be true for a small one
Insensitivity to Sample Size Bias
This is not one of the 3 categories of business/data analytics discussed in class
Integrative
Business ____ is/are mostly descriptive in nature
Intelligence
Which of the following is NOT an appropriate descriptor of descriptive analytics?
Interactive
Heuristics...
Involve trial-and-error
Which of the following does not accurately describe one of the five essential principles for understanding data analytics in Davenport (2015)?
Keeping quantitative people away from business managers
Davenport (2006) describes it, among other things, as developing standard formats, storage policies and access policies, archival procedures, and proper owners and users
A data strategy
Per Davenport (2015), ____ is based on, uses, and also creates data
A data-enriched product
Davenport's (2006) description of the right technology as a source of strength explicitly includes...
A proper data strategy
Which of the following is NOT an example of a data product according to Davenport (2013)?
A quarterly sales report
Which of the following is a better definition of corporate IT infrastructure?
A set of currently-deployed assets
Which of the following is a better definition of corporate IT architecture?
A set of plans for delivering services
The Alternative Evaluation Matrix is...
A tool
IT governance, a subset of corporate governance, aims to increase
Accountability in IT development and use
It uses the sum of the products of relative weights and ratings for individual criteria to evaluate options and make an optimal choice
Alternative evaluation matrix
Which of the following describes overplacement more accurately?
Believing your skills are better than everyone else's
Per class discussion, the use of data visualization techniques is largely a hallmark of..
Business Intelligence
A(n) ____ is a framework, in stages of increasing formalization, which describes greater organizational abilities related to a service or technology
Capability Maturity Model
Which of these is not one of the ages in the development of commercial computing as described by Gannon (2013)?
Commodity
Policies, practices, and technologies to encourage sound practices in the overall management of availability, usability, integrity, and security of corporate digital assets
Data governance
Dr. Mendoza obsessed over whether questions on this test were fair and clear (he was much less concerned with 'easy'). He is likely a(n)...
Maximizer
Belief that random events must look and feel random
Misconception of Chance Bias
CMM stage characterized by proactive process improvement
Optimizing
The belief we are smarter, more capable, attractive, popular, etc. than we really are
Overestimation
The tendency to rank ourselves HIGHER THAN OTHERS in competitive contexts
Overplacement
The tendency to believe our judgments and decisions are very accurate
Overprecision
The early days of commercial computing development, according to Gannon (2013)
Pioneering Age
_________ analytics focuses on future events and is probabilistic in nature
Predictive
_______ analytics focuses on making recommendations and on their likely results
Prescriptive
The Representativeness Heuristic helps us make decisions based on...
Previously-formed opinions or stereotypes
