Business Intelligence and Analytics Final Exam

Which of the following DOES NOT describe the "rationalization" of data and processes according to Ross 2003?

Providing reasons for the failure of a system due to poor data or processes

CMM stage characterized by monitoring of process quality

Quantitatively Managed

Defining the problem, identifying and weighing the criteria for solutions, generating and rating alternatives, and computing the optimal decision are the six steps of...

Rational decision-making

Ross (2003) describes the architecture stage as characterized data formats and optimized business processes

Rationalized data

Belief that extraordinary events will continue to repeat themselves without justifiable cause

Regression to the Mean Bias

CMM stage characterized by basic, consistent processes

Repeatable

Which of the following is NOT an appropriate descriptor of prescriptive analytics?

Reports-based

Our ability to easily recover patterns or ideas which match the problem at hand

Retrievability Bias

Some students may have crammed for this exam and not spent the necessary weekly amount of time to succeed. With respect to their grade, they may be most accurately classified

Satisficers

Which of the following heuristics is NOT one of the four major ones discussed in class?

Simplification

According to Davenport (2006) "the right focus" refers to...

Spending the right resources on the right effort

Davenport (2006) calls this the process of identifying, recruiting, developing, and retaining talent

The right people

Per Ackoff (1967), the issue with the assumption he describes is that...

The system is not designed properly

Business analytics is sometimes described as "focused on self-service." Which of the statements below captures the essence of that statement?

There are no 'canned' reports provided to users

Which of the following is NOT an accurate description of heuristic?

They do not solve a problem

Which of the following is typical of overestimation?

Thinking you can ace a test by only studying 4 days before it, never any other time

Which of the following characteristics does not accurately describe the Standardized Technology Architecture stage (Ross 2003)?

Total elimination of silo applications

Explicit knowledge is communicated directly, but implicit is not

True

The regression to the mean effect is evident when an athlete underperforms after doing well

True

The Confirmation Heuristic helps us make decisions based on...

Verification of selected data or facts in our possession

The Availability Heuristic helps us make decisions based on...

Vivid memories of events or facts

According to Gannon (2013), the _____ age marks the time when there was no longer a question about the value and permanence of the IS function in corporations

Distribution

Technologies, processes, people, etc. which make up the firm's existing IT environment

Infrastructure

In Ch. 2 of our book, a finding by Griffin & Varey (1996) found that overconfidence...

Is not only marked but nearly universal

Which of the following statements is generally NOT ACCURATE about business intelligence, as discussed in class?

It is more useful in strategic than in tactical settings

Which of the following is typical of overprecision?

The failure to test your assumptions before making decisions

The Gartner Analytic Ascendancy Model (figure 1) shows...

The increasing value of progressively more difficult data analysis activities

In Ackoff's 1967 article, data filtering and reduction are necessary activities to help eliminate...

The overabundance of irrelevant information

Ross (2003) describes this stage as characterized by centralization of shared IT services

Standardized Technology Architecture

Which of the following is NOT an appropriate descriptor of predictive analytics?

Static

Which of the following Moore's Law descriptors is not accurate?

Storage is more irrelevant

As discussed and confirmed in class

Tables A & B are the same length

The Effect Heuristic helps us make decisions based on...

An emotional response

Ackoff (Management Misinformation Systems, 1967) describes information overload as..

An overabundance of irrelevant information

Business _____ is/are focused on self-service

Analytics

According to Davenport (2013), the "era of business intelligence" was/is

Analytics 1.0

According to Davenport (2013), the "era of big data" is

Analytics 2.0

According to Davenport (2013), the "era of data-enriched offerings" was/is

Analytics 3.0

Which of the following statements is generally ACCURATE?

Analytics are more useful in strategic than in tactical settings

When the use of an initial piece of information influences subsequent judgments

Anchoring Bias

An organized plan for IT service delivery which supports organizational objectives

Architecture

Which of the following does not accurately describe the aims of data governance?

Assign responsibility for data-related failures

Which of the following is NOT one of the five unjustifiable assumptions in IS design according to Ackoff (1867)?

Computing power and storage improve every year

"I knew it!" is a response typical of the ___ heuristic

Confirmation

Interpreting information seeking to validate preconceptions

Confirmation Trap Bias

The false propensity to see an event as predictable after it occurs

Confirmation Trap Bias

The belief that several specific conditions are more probable than a single general one

Conjunction Fallacy Bias

Gannon (2013) calls the age of mobile computing the ____ Age

Consumerization

A set of policies, guidelines, practices, and sometimes laws intended to promote the ethical management of a business

Corporate governance

According to Davenport (2013), 'data products' are not only made of data but also

Create more data and use it in the product itself

According to Davenport (2006), a "company-wide respect for measuring, testing, and evaluating quantitative evidence" is the right...

Culture

CMM stage characterized by enterprise-wide standardization of formal processes

Defined

Per class discussion, business intelligence tools and techniques are focused more on...

Describing what has happened

______ analytics focuses on describing events which have already taken place

Descriptive

Davenport (2006) claims successful analytics competitors look well beyond the use of...

Descriptive statistics

The effortlessness with which vivid and/or recent stories, events, or facts influence our perceptions

Ease of Recall Bias

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of System 2 thinking?

Effortless

Which of the following is NOT one of the three key attributes among analytics competitors discussed in Davenport (2006)?

Enterprise-wide use of descriptive statistics

Knowledge which is codified, verbalized, accessible, and easily communicated is...

Explicit

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of System 1 thinking?

Explicit

Which of the following DOES NOT accurately capture the implications of Moore's Law?

Extracting meaning from unstructured data is now a simple task

According to Davenport (2006), the use of descriptive statistics is sufficient for any firm

False

It is commonly-accepted knowledge that maximizers are better people than satisficers

False

According to Gannon (2013), during this time period organizations learned to use and deploy IT/IS widely to automate business processes on a large scale

Growth Age

Which of the following is not a primary purpose of a systems audit?

Identify guilty parties in case of failure

_____ knowledge is not typically codified, verbalized, accessible, or easily communicated

Implicit

Which of the following is inconsistent with Davenport's (2006) "enterprise approach" to competing on analytics?

Independent business units choosing best-in-class applications

According to Ross (2003), a silo architecture consists of...

Individual applications rather than a corporate plan

CMM stage characterized by very few formal processes

Initial

Our inability to consider the commonness of the occurrence of an event or fact in a data set

Insensitivity to Base Rates Bias

Generalizing to a large data set what may only be true for a small one

Insensitivity to Sample Size Bias

This is not one of the 3 categories of business/data analytics discussed in class

Integrative

Business ____ is/are mostly descriptive in nature

Intelligence

Which of the following is NOT an appropriate descriptor of descriptive analytics?

Interactive

Heuristics...

Involve trial-and-error

Which of the following does not accurately describe one of the five essential principles for understanding data analytics in Davenport (2015)?

Keeping quantitative people away from business managers

Davenport (2006) describes it, among other things, as developing standard formats, storage policies and access policies, archival procedures, and proper owners and users

A data strategy

Per Davenport (2015), ____ is based on, uses, and also creates data

A data-enriched product

Davenport's (2006) description of the right technology as a source of strength explicitly includes...

A proper data strategy

Which of the following is NOT an example of a data product according to Davenport (2013)?

A quarterly sales report

Which of the following is a better definition of corporate IT infrastructure?

A set of currently-deployed assets

Which of the following is a better definition of corporate IT architecture?

A set of plans for delivering services

The Alternative Evaluation Matrix is...

A tool

IT governance, a subset of corporate governance, aims to increase

Accountability in IT development and use

It uses the sum of the products of relative weights and ratings for individual criteria to evaluate options and make an optimal choice

Alternative evaluation matrix

Which of the following describes overplacement more accurately?

Believing your skills are better than everyone else's

Per class discussion, the use of data visualization techniques is largely a hallmark of..

Business Intelligence

A(n) ____ is a framework, in stages of increasing formalization, which describes greater organizational abilities related to a service or technology

Capability Maturity Model

Which of these is not one of the ages in the development of commercial computing as described by Gannon (2013)?

Commodity

Policies, practices, and technologies to encourage sound practices in the overall management of availability, usability, integrity, and security of corporate digital assets

Data governance

Dr. Mendoza obsessed over whether questions on this test were fair and clear (he was much less concerned with 'easy'). He is likely a(n)...

Maximizer

Belief that random events must look and feel random

Misconception of Chance Bias

CMM stage characterized by proactive process improvement

Optimizing

The belief we are smarter, more capable, attractive, popular, etc. than we really are

Overestimation

The tendency to rank ourselves HIGHER THAN OTHERS in competitive contexts

Overplacement

The tendency to believe our judgments and decisions are very accurate

Overprecision

The early days of commercial computing development, according to Gannon (2013)

Pioneering Age

_________ analytics focuses on future events and is probabilistic in nature

Predictive

_______ analytics focuses on making recommendations and on their likely results

Prescriptive

The Representativeness Heuristic helps us make decisions based on...

Previously-formed opinions or stereotypes