BYS 119 EXAM 2 (part one)

An organism that can hydrolyze cellulose

what is a ruminant?

Make an endergonic system exergonic

An enzyme can NOT do this.

Glucose is consumed, CO2 is produced

In the combined process of glycolysis and cellular respiration, what is consumed and what is produced?

Is involved in the catalytic reaction of the enzyme

The active site of an enzyme is the region that..?

substrate-level phosphorylation

in the citric acid (Krebs) cycle, ATP molecules are produced by...?

Reactant; Product

A ______ is a substance that participates in a reaction, while a ______is a substance that is formed by the reaction.

Passive Transport

A process that includes Osmosis, Facilitated diffusion, and diffusion of a solute across a membrane.

Exergonic, DG<0

Couldn't find picture, nor could i explain what it is asking

Heat the solution

How can one speed up the diffusion of a solute in water?

By chancing the shape of the enzymes active site

How does a noncompetitive inhibitor decrease the rate of an enzyme reaction

Pinocytosis engulfs fluids; phagocytosis engulfs solids

How does pinocytosis differ from phagocytosis?

substrate-level phosphorylation

In glycolysis, ATP molecules are produced by?

certain proteins are unique to each membrane

In what ways do the membranes of a eukaryotic cell vary?

Structural Isomers

Know the difference between the structurally.. Look in the slides.

FOR 46-50 USE THIS IMAGE!!!!!!!!

Know water, Oxygen (O2), NADPH, Carbohydrate (ATP SUGAR) and CO2!!!!!

Acetyl CoA

NOT a product of the citric acid (Krebs) cycle

Inhibit the enzyme and thus slow the rates of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle.

Phosphofructokinase is an allosteric enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1, 6-bisphosphate, an early step of glycolysis. In the presence of oxygen, an increase in the amount of ATP in a cell would be expected to...?

turgor pressure

Plants wilt on a hot summer day because of a decrease in..?

Activation energy

Reactants capapable of interacting to form products in a chemical reaction must first overcome a thermodynamic barrier known as the reactions....?

Separate chromosomes during cell division

Vinblastine, a drug that inhibits microtubule polymerization, is used to treat some forms of cancer. Cancer cells given this would be unable to...?

Glycoside bond

What is the name for the given oxygen between monosaccharides?

Cellulose

What is the plant glucose storage molecule?

Steroid Molecule

What is the structure in this figure?

Unsaturated fatty acids

What is this molecule

amino

Which chemical group is most likely to be responsible for an organic molecule behaving as a base?

Phagocytosis

White Blood cells engulf bacteria through what process?

It does not involve organelles of specialized structures, does not require oxygen, and is present in most organisms

Why is glycolysis considered to be one of the first metabolic pathways to have evolved?

cholesterol; animal

_______ wedges between phospholipids in ______ cells, affecting fluidity

phagocytic white blood cell

a cell that would be best for studying lysosomes?

a phosphate group, a base, and a 5-carbon sugar

a nucleotide contains:

They have double bonds in the carbon chains of their fatty acids.

concerns UNSATURATED fats

allosteric regulation

high levels of citric acid inhibit enzyme phosphofructokinase, a key enzyme in glycolysis. citric acdie binds t the enzyme at a different location from the active site. This is an example of..?

thylakoid membrane and inner mitochonfrial membrane

in a plant cell, where are the STP synthase complexes located?

it equilibrated

in our example of a closed hydroelectric system, the system stopped because?

glycolysis

metabolic pathway that is common to bother fermentation and cellular respiration of a glucose molecule.

ATP and NADPH

products of the lights reaction of photosynthesis that are utilized in the Calvin cycle?

glycogen

the enzyme amyllase can break glycoside linkages between glucose monomers only if the monomers are in the alpha form. What can amylase break down?

Enzymes increase the rate of chemical reaction by lowering activation energy barriers

true about enzymes

the transfer of a phosphate to a molecule, rendering it unstable.

what is the phosphorylation

acetyl CoA

where do the catabolic products of fatty acid breakdown enter into the citric acid cycle?

Both flagella and motile cilia

which of the following contain the 9+ 2 arrangement of microtubules, consisting of nine doublets of microtubules surrounding a pair of single microtubules?

Mitochondrion

which structure if common to plant and animals cells?

Microtubule; muscle contraction

which structure-function pair is MISMATCHED?