Cancer Kin
Alcohol consumption of more than Input Field 1 of 2 2 unavailable incorrect 2 drink(s) per day for women and Input Field 2 of 2 3 unavailable incorrect 3 drink(s) per day for men increases the risk for some cancers.
1 2
People between the ages of _____ should have a skin exam every three years
20 and 40
The ACS recommends annual skin examinations after which age
40
People aged ______ years and over are advised to obtain colorectal cancer screening.
50
People over the age of 50 account for about ______% of all cancers.
85
Which of the following statements regarding family history and cancer risk are true?
A family history of cancer can impact cancer screening recommendations. Only a small percentage of cancers are caused by genetics.
How does chemotherapy differ from surgery as a method to treat cancer?
Chemotherapy can kill cancer cells that have escaped from a tumor.
True or false: A mass of extra tissue is known as an oncogene.
False
True or false: Women with a strong familial history of breast cancer are at no greater risk for breast cancer than women with no familial history of breast cancer.
False
Which of the following statements is incorrect?
For sunscreens and lip balms, the maximum SPF that should be used is 15.
Which of the following suppresses the immune system and allows several types of cancer to develop?
HIV
Which of the following statements are true about tumors?
Malignant tumors can invade surrounding tissue. Benign tumors grow slowly. The cells of malignant tumors can enter the lymphatic system.
Which of the following are characteristics of melanoma?
Melanoma usually arises from a pre-existing mole. Tissue invaded by melanoma may burn, itch, or bleed easily.
type of cancer treatment, destroys cancer cells in a specific area of the body
Radiation
Which of the following statements are correct concerning treatment for lung cancer?
Radiation and chemotherapy are common treatments for lung cancer. Lung cancer consisting of small tumors that can be surgically removed has the best prognosis.
Which of the following statements about radiation treatment for cancer is correct?
Radiation may be used as an exclusive treatment or combined with other treatments.
Which of the following statements is true of cancer screening tests?
Screening tests are the key to early detection of cancer.
Which of the following statements about surgery for treating cancer is not correct?
Surgery is a last resort in the treatment of cancer.
Which of the following statements regarding treating melanoma are correct?
The melanoma is surgically removed. The survival rate of melanoma, if caught early, is 98%. If a biopsy confirms melanoma a larger area of skin is removed.
What is a drawback to the prostate-specific antigen test?
The test can produce false negatives. The test can produce false positives.
True or false: Breast cancer occurs in men.
True
True or false: Chemotherapy and immunotherapy may be used to treat advanced stages of melanoma
True
True or false: Individuals have very little control over their exposure to environmental carcinogens.
True
True or false: Those who live in rural areas, are poor, or are unemployed run a higher risk of cancer because of difficulties in getting access to affordable and timely screening and care.
True
Skin cancer and premature aging of the skin tend to result from which type of ultraviolet radiation?
UVA
The rate of colorectal cancer is increasing for which group of people?
White people, aged 20 to 54
What type of tumor is capable of metastasizing?
a malignant tumor
Which of the following are characteristics of basal cell carcinoma?
a sore that scabs but does not heal a domelike lesion with a pearl-like edge
Which of the following are signs that suggest the development of melanoma in a mole
a sudden change in color itchiness or pain spread of color into surrounding skin
What is the five-year survival rate for localized cervical cancer
about 90%
Which of the following is the most important risk factor for colorectal cancer?
age
Contrary to earlier recommendations, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists has recommended that ______ should have a Pap test for cervical cancer.
all women from 21 to 65 years of age
Which geographical areas are known to pose a higher risk of getting skin cancer?
areas near the hole in the ozone layer places near the equator
Why are lung cancer rates decreasing in the United States?
because men are smoking less because women are smoking less
Alcohol use has been linked to which of the following cancers?
breast liver mouth
For which of the following cancers can surgery be an effective form of treatment?
breast prostate basal cell
Once the initiating event has already occurred, which of the following augment the possibility that cancer will develop
cancer promoters
Once the initiating event has already occurred, which of the following augment the possibility that cancer will develop?
cancer promoters
What are two kinds of environmental cancer agents?
carcinogens and cancer promoters
What are some warning signs of colorectal cancer?
change in bowel movements change in the size or shape of stools pain in the abdomen
Where are cancer rates above average?
cities farm states industrial areas
What is the term that describes the uncontrolled multiplication of cells?
clonal growth
What is the five-year survival rate for people with prostate cancer?
close to 100%
A(n) Input Field 1 of 2 colorectal unavailable incorrect colorectal Input Field 2 of 2 cancer unavailable incorrect cancer is a growth in the colon that could lead to colon cancer. (Make sure to spell the words correctly to earn full credit.)
colon polyp
What is the third-most commonly diagnosed cancer?
colorectal cancer
Which of the following are risk factors for colorectal cancer?
diet high in red meat obesity alcohol use
Which of the following are risk factors for uterine cancer
early onset of menstruation late onset of menopause
Contrary to earlier recommendations, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists has recommended that women between the ages of 21 and 30 should have a Pap test
every three years.
In which type of colorectal screening does a short fiber-optic tube examine the lower third of the colon?
flexible sigmoidoscopy
Dietary patterns that are rich in ______ appear to reduce the risk for many cancers.
fruits, vegetables, and whole grains
Which treatment modifies a patient's immune system so that it can combat cancer cells?
gene therapy
Which of the following are examples of new techniques that are used to treat cancer?
gene therapy bone marrow transplantation
Information gleaned through ______ may allow physicians to develop cancer treatment medication tailored to the individual.
genetic testing
Which of the following are characteristics squamous cell carcinoma
growth from a red, rough spot on the skin a raised crusty sore a red, scaly area that does not go away
Which of the following are risk factors for ovarian cancer
having a family history of ovarian cancer having a personal history of breast cancer
Death rates due to prostate cancer are
higher for Black men than they are for White men.
Administration of drugs or other substances that enhance the ability of the immune system to fight cancer is called
immunotherapy
When do the symptoms of lung cancer generally appear?
in its advanced stages
What is a metastasized cancer called?
invasive
What type of radiation is known to cause bone marrow and thyroid cancers?
ionizing radiation
People with ______-toned skin colors are more susceptible to skin cancers.
light
A _____ is the removal of the tumor and the surrounding breast tissue.
lumpectomy
Which cancers can be caused by tobacco smoke?
lung mouth throat
The cells within a ______ tumor are capable of entering the bloodstream or the lymphatic system and spreading throughout the body.
malignant
HPV has been linked to cancers of which of the following?
mouth anus cervix
Which of the following is not a risk factor that can lead to the development of cervical cancer?
no sexual encounters
The evidence is ______ that taking supplements results in the same cancer-protection benefits as consuming the whole foods.
not clear
Young people may smoke cigarettes, chew smokeless tobacco, or use other tobacco products without thinking about the health
oral
Which of the following reduce the risk of uterine cancer
oral contraceptives pregnancy
There is no type of screening recommendation for ______ cancer
ovarian
There is no type of screening recommendation for ______ cancer.
ovarian
If lung cancer has spread to other areas of the body, radiation and chemotherapy can be used for Input Field 1 of 1 treatment unavailable incorrect treatment care to give temporary relief of symptoms.
palliative
Tobacco use increases the risk of which of the following cancers?
pancreatic kidney stomach
obacco use increases the risk of which of the following cancers
pancreatic kidney stomach
Which of the following are symptoms of lung cancer?
persistent cough chest pain recurring lung infection
Cancers of the colon and rectum may arise from ______, which are masses that can grow into malignancies.
polyps
In the treatment of cervical cancer, ______ cells are removed or destroyed
precursor
For which of the following cancers can surgery be an effective form of treatment?
prostate breast basal cell
The ______ is a diagnostic test for prostate cancer that measures levels of a specific antigen.
prostate-specific antigen test
North American residents of homes with basements can be exposed to which type of natural radiation? (Remember to type only word in the blank.)
radon
Mutations in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes are
rare in the general population.
Which of the following are cancers that occur at higher frequencies in young adults
reproductive tract cancers leukemia
Breast cancer is the ______ cause of cancer fatalities among women.
second-leading
Radioactive
seeds, or small pellets, can be implanted in tissue to specifically destroy prostate cancer cells.
Income, education, and access to nutritious food are all ______ that are associated with the risk of developing and dying from cancer.
socioeconomic factors
The most common treatment for colon and rectal cancer is Input Field 1 of 1 adjuvant unavailable incorrect adjuvant . (Remember to type only one word in the blank.)
surgery
What is generally the first-line treatment for breast cancer?
surgery
Which is the oldest treatment for cancer?
surgery
To reduce the risk of HPV infection, there are currently ______ vaccines available
three
What are some of the risk factors that can lead to the development of cervical cancer?
tobacco use nutritional status early sexual activity
Which of the following treatments are examples of immunotherapy
vaccines social support certain medications, such as interferon-alpha
Which of the following treatments are examples of immunotherapy?
vaccines social support certain medications, such as interferon-alpha
When is chemotherapy or radiation used to treat colorectal cancer
when the cancer has spread beyond the colon or rectum
