Carbohydrates

Disaccharide

A molecule composed of two monosaccharides joined by a glycosidic linkage. Common examples include maltose, sucrose, and lactose.

Carbohydrates

Are sugars (saccharide) monomer- monosaccharide Polymer - polysaccharide

glucose

Monosaccharide; hexose; blood sugar Functions as an immediate source of energy

fructose

Monosaccharide; hexose; found in fruit Functions as an immediate source of energy

galactose

Monosaccharide; hexose; found in milk Functions as an immediate source of energy

deoxyribose

Monosaccharide; pentose Forms part of the backbone of DNA

ribose

Monosaccharide; pentose Forms part of the backbone of RNA

polysaccharide

Polymers of a few hundred to a few thousand monosaccharides joined by glycosidic linkages used for storage and structure Examples: starch, glycogen, cellulose

chitin

Polysaccharide Mononer: glucose sttructuural: exoskeleton in some animals

glycogen

Polysaccharide; Monomer: glucose ready storage of energy in animals

starch

Polysaccharide; Monomer: glucose ready storage of energy in plants

Cellulose

Polysaccharide; Monomer:glucose function as structure in plants

Function of carbohydrates

Quick Fuel and short term energy storage Structural Support Cell-to-Cell Recognition

Monosaccharide

a simple sugar that is the basic subunit, or monomer, of a carbohydrate Examples: glucose, fructose, galactose

lactose

disaccharide; Monomers: galactose, glucose Functions as an immediate source of energy

sucrose

disaccharide; Monomers:glucose, fructose Functions as an immediate source of energy

pent-

five

tetr-

four

hex-

six

-ose

sugar

tri-

three