Care of The Adult 1 Test 1

The nurse is applying a topical corticosteroid to a client with eczema. The nurse understands that it is safe to apply the medication to which body areas? Select all that apply. 1. Back 2. Axilla 3. Eyelids 4. Soles of the feet 5. Palms of the hands

1. Back 4. Soles of the feet 5. Palms of the hands

The nurse is performing an assessment on an older adult client. Which assessment data would indicate a potential complication associated with the skin? 1. Crusting 2. Wrinkling 3. Deepening of expression lines 4. Thinning and loss of elasticity in the skin

1. Crusting

A burn client is receiving treatments of topical mafenide acetate to the site of injury. The nurse monitors the client, knowing that which finding indicates that a systemic effect has occurred? 1. Hyperventilation 2. Elevated blood pressure 3. Local rash at the burn site 4. Local pain at the burn site

1. Hyperventilation

The clinic nurse is performing an admission assessment on a client and notes that the client is taking azelaic acid to treat acne. The nurse determines that which client complaint may be associated with use of this medication? 1. Itching 2. Euphoria 3. Drowsiness 4. Frequent urination

1. Itching

Salicylic acid is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of psoriasis. The nurse monitors the client, knowing that which finding indicates the presence of systemic toxicity from this medication? 1. Tinnitus 2. Diarrhea 3. Constipation 4. Decreased respirations

1. Tinnitus

A client is being admitted to the hospital for treatment of acute cellulitis of the lower left leg. During the admission assessment, the nurse expects to note which finding? 1. An inflammation of the epidermis only 2. A skin infection of the dermis and underlying hypodermis 3. An acute superficial infection of the dermis and lymphatics 4. An epidermal and lymphatic infection caused by Staphylococcus

2. A skin infection of the dermis and underlying hypodermis

The long-term care nurse is performing assessments on several of the residents. Which are normal age-related physiological changes the nurse should expect to note? Select all that apply. 1. Increased heart rate 2. Decline in visual acuity 3. Decreased respiratory rate 4. Decline in long-term memory 5. Increased susceptibility to urinary tract infections 6. Increased incidence of awakening after sleep onset

2. Decline in visual acuity 5. Increased susceptibility to urinary tract infections 6. Increased incidence of awakening after sleep onset

The clinic nurse notes that the health care provider has documented a diagnosis of herpes zoster (shingles) in the client's chart. Based on an understanding of the cause of this disorder, the nurse determines that this definitive diagnosis was made by which diagnostic test? 1. Positive patch test 2. Positive culture results 3. Abnormal biopsy results 4. Wood's light examination indicative of infection

2. Positive culture results

A client calls the emergency department and tells the nurse that he came directly into contact with poison ivy shrubs. The client tells the nurse that he cannot see anything on the skin and asks the nurse what to do. The nurse should make which response? 1. "Come to the emergency department." 2. "Apply calamine lotion immediately to the exposed skin areas." 3. "Take a shower immediately, lathering and rinsing several times." 4. "It is not necessary to do anything if you cannot see anything on your skin."

3. "Take a shower immediately, lathering and rinsing several times."

The nurse is providing an educational session to new employees, and the topic is abuse of the older client. The nurse helps the employees identify which client as most typically a victim of abuse? 1. A man who has moderate hypertension 2. A man who has newly diagnosed cataracts 3. A woman who has advanced Parkinson's disease 4. A woman who has early diagnosed Lyme disease

3. A woman who has advanced Parkinson's disease

The nurse manager is planning the clinical assignments for the day. Which staff members cannot be assigned to care for a client with herpes zoster? Select all that apply. 1. The nurse who never had roseola 2. The nurse who never had mumps 3. The nurse who never had chickenpox 4. The nurse who never had German measles 5. The nurse who never received the varicella-zoster vaccine

3. The nurse who never had chickenpox 5. The nurse who never received the varicella-zoster vaccine

The nurse is providing instructions to the assistive personnel (AP) regarding care of an older client with hearing loss. What should the nurse tell the AP about older clients with hearing loss? 1. They are often distracted. 2. They have middle ear changes. 3. They respond to low-pitched tones. 4. They develop moist cerumen production.

3. They respond to low-pitched tones.

The visiting nurse observes that the older male client is confined by his daughter-in-law to his room. When the nurse suggests that he walk to the den and join the family, he says, "I'm in everyone's way; my daughter-in-law needs me to stay here." Which is the most important action for the nurse to take? 1. Say to the daughter-in-law, "Confining your father-in-law to his room is inhumane." 2. Suggest to the client and daughter-in-law that they consider a nursing home for the client. 3. Say nothing, because it is best for the nurse to remain neutral and wait to be asked for help. 4. Suggest appropriate resources to the client and daughter-in-law, such as respite care and a senior citizens center.

4. Suggest appropriate resources to the client and daughter-in-law, such as respite care and a senior citizens center.

The clinic nurse assesses the skin of a client with psoriasis after the client has used a new topical treatment for 2 months. The nurse identifies which characteristics as improvement in the manifestations of psoriasis? Select all that apply. 1. Presence of striae 2. Palpable radial pulses 3. Absence of any ecchymosis on the extremities 4. Thinner and decrease in number of reddish papules 5. Scarce amount of silvery-white scaly patches on the arms

4. Thinner and decrease in number of reddish papules 5. Scarce amount of silvery-white scaly patches on the arms

Silver sulfadiazine is prescribed for a client with a burn injury. Which laboratory finding requires the need for follow-up by the nurse? 1. Glucose level of 99 mg/dL (5.65 mmol/L) 2. Platelet level of 300,000 mm3 (300 × 109/L) 3. Magnesium level of 1.5 mEq/L (0.75 mmol/L) 4. White blood cell count of 3000 mm3 (3.0 × 109/L)

4. White blood cell count of 3000 mm3 (3.0 × 109/L)

The reason newborns are protected for the first 3 months of life from bacterial infections is because of the maternal transmission of a. IgA. b. IgE. c. IgG. d. IgM.

c. IgG.

Which patients are at most risk for pressure injuries? Select all that apply. a. A patient with right sided-paralysis and fecal incontinence b. An older adult who is alert and needs assistance to ambulate c. A young adult patient with paraplegia after a gunshot wound d. A morbidly obese patient who has an open abdominal wound e. An ambulatory patient who has occasional stress incontinence f. A young adult with a tibial fracture from a motor vehicle accident

a. A patient with right sided-paralysis and fecal incontinence c. A young adult patient with paraplegia after a gunshot wound d. A morbidly obese patient who has an open abdominal wound

An 85-yr-old patient has a score of 16 on the Braden Scale. What should the nurse include in the plan of care? a. Implementing a 1-hour turning schedule with skin assessment. b. Elevating the head of bed to 90 degrees when the patient is supine. c. Continuing with weekly skin assessments with no special precautions. d. Placing a silicone foam dressing on the patient's sacrum to prevent breakdown.

a. Implementing a 1-hour turning schedule with skin assessment.

A 59-yr-old man scheduled for a herniorrhaphy in 2 days reports that he takes ginkgo daily. What is the priority intervention? a. Inform the surgeon, since the procedure may have to be rescheduled. b. Notify the anesthesia care provider, since this herb interferes with anesthetics. c. Ask the patient if he has noticed any side effects from taking this herbal supplement. d. Tell the patient to continue to take the herbal supplement up to the day before surgery.

a. Inform the surgeon, since the procedure may have to be rescheduled.

On inspection of a patient's dark skin, the nurse notes a blue-gray birthmark on the forehead and eye area. This assessment finding is called a. vitiligo. b. intertrigo. c. Nevus of Ota. d. telangiectasia.

c. Nevus of Ota.

A 17-yr-old patient with a leg fracture who is scheduled for surgery is an emancipated minor. She has a statement from the court for verification. Which intervention is most appropriate? a. Witness the permit after the surgeon obtains consent. b. Call a parent or legal guardian to sign the permit since the patient is under 18. c. Notify the hospital attorney that an emancipated minor is consenting for surgery. d. Obtain verbal consent since written consent is not necessary for emancipated minors.

a. Witness the permit after the surgeon obtains consent.

The most common cause of secondary immunodeficiencies is a. drugs. b. stress. c. malnutrition. d. human immunodeficiency virus.

a. drugs.

The nurse assessing a patient with a chronic leg wound finds local signs of erythema, and the patient reports pain at the wound site. What would the nurse expect to be ordered to assess the patient's systemic response? a. Serum protein analysis b. WBC count and differential c. Punch biopsy of center of wound d. Culture and sensitivity of the wound

b. WBC count and differential

Diagnostic testing is recommended for skin lesions when a. a health history cannot be obtained. b. a more definitive diagnosis is needed. c. percussion reveals an abnormal finding. d. treatment with prescribed medication has failed.

b. a more definitive diagnosis is needed.

Examples of primary prevention strategies include a. colonoscopy at age 50. b. avoidance of tobacco products. c. teaching the importance of exercise to a patient with hypertension. d. intake of a diet low in saturated fat in a patient with high cholesterol.

b. avoidance of tobacco products.

A patient who normally takes 40 units of glargine insulin (long acting) at bedtime asks the nurse what to do about her dose the night before surgery. The best response would be to have her a. skip her insulin altogether the night before surgery. b. get instructions from her surgeon or HCP on any insulin adjustments. c. take her usual dose at bedtime and eat a light breakfast in the morning. d. eat a moderate meal before bedtime and then take half her usual insulin dose.

b. get instructions from her surgeon or HCP on any insulin adjustments.

The primary function of the skin is a. insulation b. protection. c. sensation. d. absorption.

b. protection.

During the assessment of a patient, you note an area of red, sharply defined plaques covered with silvery scales that are mildly itchy on the patient's knees and elbows. You would describe this finding as a. lentigo. b. psoriasis. c. actinic keratosis. d. seborrheic keratosis.

b. psoriasis.

Age-related changes in the hair and nails include (select all that apply) a. oily scalp. b. scaly scalp. c. thinner nails d. thicker, brittle nails. e. longitudinal nail ridging.

b. scaly scalp. d. thicker, brittle nails. e. longitudinal nail ridging.

In teaching a patient who is using topical corticosteroids to treat acute dermatitis, the nurse should tell the patient that (select all that apply) a. the cream form is the most efficient system of delivery. b. short-term use of topical corticosteroids usually does not cause systemic side effects. c. use a glove to apply small amounts of creams or ointments to prevent further infection. d. abruptly stopping the use of topical corticosteroids may cause the dermatitis to reappear. e. systemic side effects from topical corticosteroids are likely if the patient is malnourished.

b. short-term use of topical corticosteroids usually does not cause systemic side effects. d. abruptly stopping the use of topical corticosteroids may cause the dermatitis to reappear

A nurse is caring for a patient who has a pressure injury that is treated with debridement, irrigations, and moist gauze dressings. How would the nurse expect healing to occur? a. Cell regeneration b. Tertiary intention c. Secondary intention d. Remodeling of tissues

c. Secondary intention

9. An 82year-old man is being cared for at home by his family. A pressure injury on his right buttock measures 1 × 2 × 0.8 cm in depth, and pink subcutaneous tissue is completely visible on the wound bed. Which stage would the nurse document on the wound assessment form? a. Stage 1 b. Stage 2 c. Stage 3 d. Stage 4

c. Stage 3

A common site for the lesions associated with atopic dermatitis is the a. buttocks. b. temporal area. c. antecubital space. d. plantar surface of the feet.

c. antecubital space.

A patient is undergoing plasmapheresis for treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus. The nurse explains that plasmapheresis is used in treatment to a. remove T lymphocytes in her blood that are producing antinuclear antibodies. b. remove normal particles in her blood that are being damaged by autoantibodies. c. exchange her plasma that contains antinuclear antibodies with a substitute fluid. d. replace viral-damaged cellular components of her blood with replacement whole blood.

c. exchange her plasma that contains antinuclear antibodies with a substitute fluid.

During the physical examination of a patient's skin, the nurse would a. use a flashlight in a poorly lit room. b. note cool, moist skin as a normal finding. c. pinch up a fold of skin to assess for turgor. d. perform a lesion-specific examination first and then a general inspection.

c. pinch up a fold of skin to assess for turgor.

When assessing the nutritional-metabolic pattern in relation to the skin, the nurse asks the patient about a. joint pain. b. the use of moisturizing shampoo. c. recent changes in wound healing. d. self-care habits related to daily hygiene.

c. recent changes in wound healing.

A patient is scheduled for surgery requiring general anesthesia at an ambulatory surgical center. The nurse asks him when he ate last. He replies that he had a light breakfast a couple of hours before coming to the surgery center. What should the nurse do first? a. Tell the patient to come back tomorrow, since he ate a meal. b. Have the patient void before giving any preoperative medications. c. Proceed with the preoperative checklist, including site identification. d. Notify the anesthesia care provider of when and what the patient last ate.

d. Notify the anesthesia care provider of when and what the patient last ate.

Older adults who become ill are more likely than younger adults to a. report symptoms to their health care providers. b. refuse to carry out lifestyle changes to promote recovery. c. seek medical attention because of limitations on their lifestyle. d. alter their daily living activities to accommodate new symptoms.

d. alter their daily living activities to accommodate new symptoms.

The camp nurse asks the children preparing to swim in the lake if they have applied sunscreen. The nurse reminds the children that chemical sunscreens are most effective when applied at which times? 1. Immediately before swimming 2. 5 minutes before exposure to the sun 3. Immediately before exposure to the sun 4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun

4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun

The nurse is providing medication instructions to an older client who is taking digoxin daily. The nurse explains to the client that decreased lean body mass and decreased glomerular filtration rate, which are age-related body changes, could place the client at risk for which complication with medication therapy? 1. Decreased absorption of digoxin 2. Increased risk for digoxin toxicity 3. Decreased therapeutic effect of digoxin 4. Increased risk for side effects related to digoxin

2. Increased risk for digoxin toxicity

The nurse is caring for an older client in a long-term care facility. Which action contributes to encouraging autonomy in the client? 1. Planning meals 2. Decorating the room 3. Scheduling haircut appointments 4. Allowing the client to choose social activities

4. Allowing the client to choose social activities

The home health nurse is visiting a client for the first time. While assessing the client's medication history, it is noted that there are 19 prescriptions and several over-the-counter medications that the client has been taking. Which intervention should the nurse take first? 1. Check for medication interactions. 2. Determine whether there are medication duplications. 3. Determine whether a family member supervises medication administration. 4. Call the prescribing primary health care provider (PHCP) and report polypharmacy.

2. Determine whether there are medication duplications.

A client returns to the clinic for follow-up treatment after a skin biopsy of a suspicious lesion performed 1 week ago. The biopsy report indicates that the lesion is a melanoma. The nurse understands that melanoma has which characteristics? Select all that apply. 1. Lesion is painful to touch. 2. Lesion is highly metastatic. 3. Lesion is a nevus that has changes in color. 4. Skin under the lesion is reddened and warm to touch. 5. Lesion occurs in body areas exposed to outdoor sunlight.

2. Lesion is highly metastatic 3. Lesion is a nevus that has changes in color.

The home care nurse is visiting an older client whose spouse died 6 months ago. Which behaviors by the client indicates effective coping? Select all that apply. 1. Neglecting personal grooming 2. Looking at old snapshots of family 3. Participating in a senior citizens program 4. Visiting the spouse's grave once a month 5. Decorating a wall with the spouse's pictures and awards

2. Looking at old snapshots of family 3. Participating in a senior citizens program 4. Visiting the spouse's grave once a month 5. Decorating a wall with the spouse's pictures and awards

Isotretinoin is prescribed for a client with severe acne. Before the administration of this medication, the nurse anticipates that which laboratory test will be prescribed? 1. Potassium level 2. Triglyceride level 3. Hemoglobin A1C 4. Total cholesterol level

2. Triglyceride level

The health education nurse provides instructions to a group of clients regarding measures that will assist in preventing skin cancer. Which instructions should the nurse provide? Select all that apply. 1. Sunscreen should be applied every 8 hours 2. Use sunscreen when participating in outdoor activities. 3. Wear a hat, opaque clothing, and sunglasses when in the sun 4. Avoid sun exposure in the late afternoon and early evening hours. 5. Examine your body monthly for any lesions that may be suspicious.

2. Use sunscreen when participating in outdoor activities. 3. Wear a hat, opaque clothing, and sunglasses when in the sun 5. Examine your body monthly for any lesions that may be suspicious.

The nurse is performing an assessment on an older client who is having difficulty sleeping at night. Which statement by the client indicates the need for further teaching regarding measures to improve sleep? 1. "I swim 3 times a week." 2. "I have stopped smoking cigars." 3. "I drink hot chocolate before bedtime." 4. "I read for 40 minutes before bedtime."

3. "I drink hot chocolate before bedtime."

A client with severe acne is seen in the clinic and the primary health care provider (PHCP) prescribes isotretinoin. The nurse reviews the client's medication record and would contact the PHCP if the client is also taking which medication? 1. Digoxin 2. Phenytoin 3. Vitamin A 4. Furosemide

3. Vitamin A

Silver sulfadiazine is prescribed for a client with a partial-thickness burn, and the nurse provides teaching about the medication. Which statement made by the client indicates a need for further teaching about the treatments? 1. "The medication is an antibacterial." 2. "The medication will help heal the burn." 3. "The medication should be applied directly to the wound." 4. "The medication is likely to cause stinging every time it is applied."

4. "The medication is likely to cause stinging every time it is applied."

When assessing a lesion diagnosed as basal cell carcinoma, the nurse most likely expects to note which findings? Select all that apply . 1. An irregularly shaped lesion 2. A small papule with a dry, rough scale 3. A firm, nodular lesion topped with crust 4. A pearly papule with a central crater and a waxy border 5. Location in the bald spot atop the head that is exposed to outdoor sunlight

4. A pearly papule with a central crater and a waxy border 5. Location in the bald spot atop the head that is exposed to outdoor sunlight

A client arriving at the emergency department has experienced frostbite to the right hand. Which finding would the nurse note on assessment of the client's hand? 1. A pink, edematous hand 2. Fiery red skin with edema in the nailbeds 3. Black fingertips surrounded by an erythematous rash 4. A white color to the skin, which is insensitive to touch

4. A white color to the skin, which is insensitive to touch

The nurse is conducting a session about the principles of first aid and is discussing the interventions for a snakebite to an extremity. The nurse should inform those attending the session that the first-priority intervention in the event of this occurrence is which action? 1. Immobilize the affected extremity. 2. Remove jewelry and constricting clothing from the victim. 3. Place the extremity in a position so that it is below the level of the heart. 4. Move the victim to a safe area away from the snake and encourage the victim to rest.

4. Move the victim to a safe area away from the snake and encourage the victim to rest.

The staff nurse reviews the nursing documentation in a client's chart and notes that the wound care nurse has documented that the client has a stage II pressure injury in the sacral area. Which finding would the nurse expect to note on assessment of the client's sacral area? 1. Intact skin 2. Full-thickness skin loss 3. Exposed bone, tendon, or muscle 4. Partial-thickness skin loss of the dermis

4. Partial-thickness skin loss of the dermis

A patient 1 day postoperative after abdominal surgery has incisional pain, 99.5°F temperature, slight erythema at the incision margins, and 30 mL serosanguinous drainage in the Jackson-Pratt drain. Based on this assessment, what conclusion would the nurse make? a. The patient has a normal inflammatory response. b. The abdominal incision shows signs of an infection. c. The abdominal incision shows signs of impending dehiscence. d. The patient's health care provider must be notified about her condition.

a. The patient has a normal inflammatory response.

Which safe sun practices would the nurse include in the teaching plan for a patient who has photosensitivity (select all that apply)? a. Wear protective clothing. b. Apply sunscreen liberally and often. c. Emphasize the short-term use of a tanning booth. d. Avoid exposure to the sun, especially during midday. e. Wear any sunscreen as long as it is bought at a drugstore.

a. Wear protective clothing. b. Apply sunscreen liberally and often. d. Avoid exposure to the sun, especially during midday.

An appropriate care choice for an older adult who lives with an employed daughter but needs help with activities of daily living is a. adult day care. b. long-term care. c. a retirement center d. an assisted living facility.

a. adult day care.

A mother and her two children have been diagnosed with pediculosis corporis at a health care center. An appropriate measure to treat this condition is a. applying pyrethrins to the body. b. topical application of griseofulvin. c. moist compresses applied frequently. d. administration of systemic antibiotics.

a. applying pyrethrins to the body.

Important patient teaching after a chemical peel includes a. avoidance of sun exposure .b. application of firm bandages. c. limitation of vigorous exercise. d. use of moist heat to relieve discomfort.

a. avoidance of sun exposure

The nurse is alerted to possible anaphylactic shock immediately after a patient has received IM penicillin by the development of a. edema and itching at the injection site b. sneezing and itching of the nose and eyes. c. a wheal-and-flare reaction at the injection site. d. chest tightness and production of thick sputum.

a. edema and itching at the injection site

Persons with dark skin are more likely to develop a. keloids. b. wrinkles. c. skin rashes. d. skin cancer.

a. keloids.

An ethnic older adult may feel a loss of self-worth when the nurse (select all that apply) a. prohibits visits from a faith healer. b. informs the patient about ethnic support services. c. allows a patient to rely on ethnic health beliefs and practices. d. emphasizes that a therapeutic diet does not allow ethnic foods. e. uses a medical interpreter to provide explanations and teaching.

a. prohibits visits from a faith healer. d. emphasizes that a therapeutic diet does not allow ethnic foods.

An overweight patient (BMI 28.1 kg/m2) is scheduled for a laparoscopic cholecystectomy at an outpatient surgery setting. The nurse knows that a. surgery will involve multiple small incisions. b. this setting is not appropriate for this procedure. c. surgery will involve removing a part of the liver. d. the patient will need special preparation because of obesity.

a. surgery will involve multiple small incisions.

When teaching a patient with melanoma about this disorder, the nurse recognizes that the patient's prognosis is most dependent on a. the thickness of the lesion. b. the degree of asymmetry in the lesion. c. the amount of ulceration in the lesion. d. how much the lesion has spread superficially.

a. the thickness of the lesion.

The nurse assessed the patient's skin lesions as firm, edematous, irregularly shaped with a variable diameter. They would be called a. wheals. b. papules. c. pustules. d. plaques.

a. wheals.

Which patient has the greatest risk for experiencing delayed wound healing? a. A 65-yr-old woman with stress incontinence b. A 52-yr-old obese woman with type 2 diabetes c. A 78-yr-old man who has a history of hypertension d. A 30-yr-old man who drinks 2 alcoholic beverages per day

b. A 52-yr-old obese woman with type 2 diabetes

In a person having an acute rejection of a transplanted kidney, what would help the nurse understand the course of events (select all that apply)? a. A new transplant should be considered. b. Acute rejection can be treated with OKT3. c. Repeated episodes of acute rejection can lead to chronic rejection. d. Corticosteroids are the most successful drugs used to treat acute rejection. e. Acute rejection is common after a transplant and can be treated with drug therapy.

b. Acute rejection can be treated with OKT3. c. Repeated episodes of acute rejection can lead to chronic rejection. e. Acute rejection is common after a transplant and can be treated with drug therapy.

The patient tells the nurse in the preoperative setting that she has noticed she has a reaction when wearing rubber gloves. What is the most appropriate action? a. Notify the surgeon so that the surgery can be cancelled. b. Ask additional questions to assess for a possible latex allergy. c. Notify the OR staff at once so they can use latex-free supplies. d. No action is needed because the patient's rubber sensitivity has no bearing on surgery.

b. Ask additional questions to assess for a possible latex allergy.

A patient in the unit has a 103.7°F temperature. Which intervention would be most effective in restoring normal body temperature? a. Using a cooling blanket while the patient is febrile b. Giving antipyretics on an around-the-clock schedule c. Providing increased fluids and have the UAP give sponge baths d. Giving prescribed antibiotics and placing warm blankets for comfort

b. Giving antipyretics on an around-the-clock schedule

The nurse determines that a patient with which disorder is most at risk for spreading the disease? a. Tinea pedis b. Impetigo on the face c. Candidiasis of the nails d. Psoriasis on the palms and soles

b. Impetigo on the face

Which order should a nurse question in the plan of care for an older adult, immobile stroke patient with a pink, clean stage 3 pressure injury? a. Pack the wound with foam dressing. b. Turn and position the patient every hour. c. Clean the wound every shift with Dakin's solution. d. Assess for pain and medicate before dressing change.

c. Clean the wound every shift with Dakin's solution.

Preoperative considerations for older adults include (select all that apply) a. using only large-print educational materials. b. speaking louder for patients with hearing aids. c. recognizing that sensory deficits may be present. d. providing warm blankets to prevent hypothermia. e. teaching important information early in the morning.

c. recognizing that sensory deficits may be present. d. providing warm blankets to prevent hypothermia.

A characteristic of a chronic illness is that it (select all that apply) a. has reversible pathologic changes. b. has a consistent, predictable clinical course. c. results in permanent deviation from normal. d. is associated with many stable and unstable phases. e. always starts with an acute illness and then progresses

c. results in permanent deviation from normal. d. is associated with many stable and unstable phases.

Nursing interventions directed at health promotion in the older adult are primarily focused on a. disease management b. controlling symptoms of illness c. teaching positive health behaviors. d. teaching about nutrition to enhance longevity.

c. teaching positive health behaviors.

An important nursing action to help a chronically ill older adult is to a. avoid discussing future lifestyle changes. b. ensure the patient that the condition is stable. c. treat the patient as a competent manager of the disease. d. encourage the patient to "fight" the disease as long as possible.

c. treat the patient as a competent manager of the disease.

Association between HLA antigens and diseases is most commonly found in what disease conditions? a. Cancers b. Infectious diseases c. Neurologic diseases d. Autoimmune disorders

d. Autoimmune disorders

What accurately describes rejection after transplantation? a. Hyperacute rejection can be treated with OKT3. b. Acute rejection can be treated with sirolimus or tacrolimus. c. Chronic rejection can be treated with tacrolimus or cyclosporine. d. Hyperacute reaction can be avoided if crossmatching is done before transplantation.

d. Hyperacute reaction can be avoided if crossmatching is done before transplantation.

The function of monocytes in immunity is related to their ability to a. stimulate the production of T and B lymphocytes. b. make antibodies after exposure to foreign substances. c. bind antigens and stimulate natural killer cell activation. d. capture antigens by phagocytosis and present them to lymphocytes.

d. capture antigens by phagocytosis and present them to lymphocytes

A priority nursing intervention to aid a preoperative patient in coping with fear of postoperative pain would be to a. inform the patient that pain medication will be available. b. teach the patient to use guided imagery to help manage pain. c. describe the type of pain expected with the patient's particular surgery. d. explain the pain management plan, including the use of a pain rating scale.

d. explain the pain management plan, including the use of a pain rating scale.

The nurse tells a friend who asks him to administer his allergy shots that a. it is illegal for nurses to administer injections outside of a medical setting. b. he is qualified to do it if the friend has epinephrine in an injectable syringe provided with his extract. c. avoiding the allergens is a more effective way of controlling allergies, and allergy shots are not usually effective. d. immunotherapy should only be administered in a setting where emergency equipment and drugs are available.

d. immunotherapy should only be administered in a setting where emergency equipment and drugs are available.

In a type I hypersensitivity reaction the primary immunologic disorder appears to be a. binding of IgG to an antigen on a cell surface. b. deposit of antigen-antibody complexes in small vessels. c. release of cytokines used to interact with specific antigens. d. release of chemical mediators from IgE-bound mast cells and basophils.

d. release of chemical mediators from IgE-bound mast cells and basophils.

Among older Americans in the United States a. more than 30% live in nursing homes. b. women are less likely to live in poverty. c. the number of those who completed college is lower than in previous decades. d. those 85 years or older account for the fastest growing segment of the population.

d. those 85 years or older account for the fastest growing segment of the population.