CCNA Semester 2 final exam
A new Layer 3 switch is connected to a router and is being configured for interVLAN routing. What are three of the five steps required for the configuration? (Choose three.) Case 4: assigning ports to VLANs assigning the ports to the native VLAN enabling IP routing modifying the default VLAN installing a static route implementing a routing protocol creating SVI interfaces
- assigning ports to VLANs - enabling IP routing - creating SVI interfaces
A new Layer 3 switch is connected to a router and is being configured for interVLAN routing. What are three of the five steps required for the configuration? (Choose three.) Case 2: enabling IP routing entering "no switchport" on the port connected to the router adjusting the route metric installing a static route assigning the ports to the native VLAN modifying the default VLAN assigning ports to VLANs
- enabling IP routing - entering "no switchport" on the port connected to the router - assigning ports to VLANs
A new Layer 3 switch is connected to a router and is being configured for interVLAN routing. What are three of the five steps required for the configuration? (Choose three.) Case 3: enabling IP routing modifying the default VLAN entering "no switchport" on the port connected to the router establishing adjacencies assigning ports to VLANs adjusting the route metric assigning the ports to the native VLAN
- enabling IP routing - entering "no switchport" on the port connected to the router - establishing adjacencies
Which three statements accurately describe duplex and speed settings on Cisco 2960 switches? (Choose three.) 1) An autonegotiation failure can result in connectivity issues. 2) When the speed is set to 1000 Mb/s, the switch ports will operate in full-duplex mode. 3) The duplex and speed settings of each switch port can be manually configured. 4) Enabling autonegotiation on a hub will prevent mismatched port speeds when connecting the hub to the switch. 5) By default, the speed is set to 100 Mb/s and the duplex mode is set to autonegotiation. 6) By default, the autonegotiation feature is disabled.
1) An autonegotiation failure can result in connectivity issues. 2) When the speed is set to 1000 Mb/s, the switch ports will operate in full-duplex mode. 3) The duplex and speed settings of each switch port can be manually configured.
An administrator is trying to remove configurations from a switch. After using the command erase startup-config and reloading the switch, the administrator finds that VLANs 10 and 100 still exist on the switch. Why were these VLANs not removed? 1) Because these VLANs are stored in a file that is called vlan.dat that is located in flash memory, this file must be manually deleted. 2) These VLANs cannot be deleted unless the switch is in VTP client mode. 3) These VLANs are default VLANs that cannot be removed. 4) These VLANs can only be removed from the switch by using the no vlan 10 and no vlan 100 commands.
1) Because these VLANs are stored in a file that is called vlan.dat that is located in flash memory, this file must be manually deleted. Standard range VLANs (1-1005) are stored in a file that is called vlan.dat that is located in flash memory. Erasing the startup configuration and reloading a switch does not automatically remove these VLANs. The vlan.dat file must be manually deleted from flash memory and then the switch must be reloaded.
A technician is troubleshooting a slow WLAN and decides to use the split-the-traffic approach. Which two parameters would have to be configured to do this? (Choose two.) 1) Configure the 5 GHz band for streaming multimedia and time sensitive traffic. 2) Configure the security mode to WPA Personal TKIP/AES for one network and WPA2 Personal AES for the other network 3) Configure the 2.4 GHz band for basic internet traffic that is not time sensitive. 4) Configure the security mode to WPA Personal TKIP/AES for both networks. 5) Configure a common SSID for both split networks.
1) Configure the 5 GHz band for streaming multimedia and time sensitive traffic. 3) Configure the 2.4 GHz band for basic internet traffic that is not time sensitive.
A new switch is to be added to an existing network in a remote office. The network administrator does not want the technicians in the remote office to be able to add new VLANs to the switch, but the switch should receive VLAN updates from the VTP domain. Which two steps must be performed to configure VTP on the new switch to meet these conditions? (Choose two.) 1) Configure the new switch as a VTP client. 2) Configure the existing VTP domain name on the new switch. 3) Configure an IP address on the new switch. 4) Configure all ports of both switches to access mode. 5) Enable VTP pruning.
1) Configure the new switch as a VTP client. 2) Configure the existing VTP domain name on the new switch. Before the switch is put in the correct VTP domain and in client mode, the switch must be connected to any other switch in the VTP domain through a trunk in order to receive/transmit VTP information.
Which statement is correct about how a Layer 2 switch determines how to forward frames? 1) Frame forwarding decisions are based on MAC address and port mappings in the CAM table. 2) Only frames with a broadcast destination address are forwarded out all active switch ports. 3) Cut-through frame forwarding ensures that invalid frames are always dropped.
1) Frame forwarding decisions are based on MAC address and port mappings in the CAM table. Cut-through frame forwarding reads up to only the first 22 bytes of a frame, which excludes the frame check sequence and thus invalid frames may be forwarded. In addition to broadcast frames, frames with a destination MAC address that is not in the CAM are also flooded out all active ports. Unicast frames are not always forwarded. Received frames with a destination MAC address that is associated with the switch port on which it is received are not forwarded because the destination exists on the network segment connected to that port.
During the AAA process, when will authorization be implemented? 1) Immediately after successful authentication against an AAA data source 2) Immediately after AAA accounting and auditing receives detailed reports 3) Immediately after an AAA client sends authentication information to a centralized server 4) Immediately after the determination of which resources a user can access
1) Immediately after successful authentication against an AAA data source AAA authorization is implemented immediately after the user is authenticated against a specific AAA data source.
Which two statements are characteristics of routed ports on a multilayer switch? (Choose two.) 1) In a switched network, they are mostly configured between switches at the core and distribution layers. 2) The interface vlan command has to be entered to create a VLAN on routed ports. 3) They support subinterfaces, like interfaces on the Cisco IOS routers. 4) They are used for point-to-multipoint links. 5) They are not associated with a particular VLAN.
1) In a switched network, they are mostly configured between switches at the core and distribution layers. 5) They are not associated with a particular VLAN.
A static route has been configured on a router. However, the destination network no longer exists. What should an administrator do to remove the static route from the routing table? 1) Remove the route using the no ip route command. 2) Change the administrative distance for that route. 3) Change the routing metric for that route. 4) Nothing. The static route will go away on its own.
1) Remove the route using the no ip route command. When the destination network specified in a static route does not exist anymore, the static route stays in the routing table until it is manually removed by using the no ip route command.
Which statement describes a result after multiple Cisco LAN switches are interconnected? 1) The broadcast domain expands to all switches. 2) One collision domain exists per switch. 3) There is one broadcast domain and one collision domain per switch. 4) Frame collisions increase on the segments connecting the switches. 5) Unicast frames are always forwarded regardless of the destination MAC address.
1) The broadcast domain expands to all switches. In Cisco LAN switches, the microsegmentation makes it possible for each port to represent a separate segment and thus each switch port represents a separate collision domain. This fact will not change when multiple switches are interconnected. However, LAN switches do not filter broadcast frames. A broadcast frame is flooded to all ports. Interconnected switches form one big broadcast domain.
Successful inter-VLAN routing has been operating on a network with multiple VLANs across multiple switches for some time. When an inter-switch trunk link fails and Spanning Tree Protocol brings up a backup trunk link, it is reported that hosts on two VLANs can access some, but not all the network resources that could be accessed previously. Hosts on all other VLANS do not have this problem. What is the most likely cause of this problem? 1) The protected edge port function on the backup trunk interfaces has been disabled. 2) The allowed VLANs on the backup link were not configured correctly. 3) Dynamic Trunking Protocol on the link has failed. 4) Inter-VLAN routing also failed when the trunk link failed.
1) The protected edge port function on the backup trunk interfaces has been disabled.
What action takes place when a frame entering a switch has a multicast destination MAC address? 1) The switch will forward the frame out all ports except the incoming port. 2) The switch forwards the frame out of the specified port. 3) The switch adds a MAC address table entry mapping for the destination MAC address and the ingress port. 4) The switch replaces the old entry and uses the more current port.
1) The switch will forward the frame out all ports except the incoming port. If the destination MAC address is a broadcast or a multicast, the frame is also flooded out all ports except the incoming port.
Compared with dynamic routes, what are two advantages of using static routes on a router? (Choose two.) 1) They improve network security. 2) They take less time to converge when the network topology changes. 3) They improve the efficiency of discovering neighboring networks. 4) They use fewer router resources.
1) They improve network security. 4) They use fewer router resources. Static routes are manually configured on a router. Static routes are not automatically updated and must be manually reconfigured if the network topology changes. Thus static routing improves network security because it does not make route updates among neighboring routers. Static routes also improve resource efficiency by using less bandwidth, and no CPU cycles are used to calculate and communicate routes.
Employees are unable to connect to servers on one of the internal networks. What should be done or checked? 1) Use the "show ip interface brief" command to see if an interface is down. 2) Verify that there is not a default route in any of the edge router routing tables. 3) Create static routes to all internal networks and a default route to the internet. 4) Check the statistics on the default route for oversaturation.
1) Use the "show ip interface brief" command to see if an interface is down.
Which wireless encryption method is the most secure? 1) WPA2 with AES 2) WPA2 with TKIP 3) WEP 4) WPA
1) WPA2 with AES
On what switch ports should BPDU guard be enabled to enhance STP stability? 1) all PortFast-enabled ports 2) only ports that are elected as designated ports 3) only ports that attach to a neighboring switch 4) all trunk ports that are not root ports
1) all PortFast-enabled ports
Select the three PAgP channel establishment modes. (Choose three.) 1) auto 2) default 3) passive 4) desirable 5) extended 6) on
1) auto 4) desirable 6) on
Which type of static route is configured with a greater administrative distance to provide a backup route to a route learned from a dynamic routing protocol? 1) floating static route 2) default static route 3) summary static route 4) standard static route
1) floating static route There are four basic types of static routes. Floating static routes are backup routes that are placed into the routing table if a primary route is lost. A summary static route aggregates several routes into one, reducing the of the routing table. Standard static routes are manually entered routes into the routing table. Default static routes create a gateway of last resort.
What is a method to launch a VLAN hopping attack? 1) introducing a rogue switch and enabling trunking 2) sending spoofed native VLAN information 3) sending spoofed IP addresses from the attacking host 4) flooding the switch with MAC addresses
1) introducing a rogue switch and enabling trunking
A network administrator is configuring a WLAN. Why would the administrator disable the broadcast feature for the SSID? 1) to eliminate outsiders scanning for available SSIDs in the area 2) to reduce the risk of interference by external devices such as microwave ovens 3) to reduce the risk of unauthorized APs being added to the network 4) to provide privacy and integrity to wireless traffic by using encryption
1) to eliminate outsiders scanning for available SSIDs in the area
What is the common term given to SNMP log messages that are generated by network devices and sent to the SNMP server? 1) traps 2) acknowledgments 3) auditing 4) warnings
1) traps
A WLAN engineer deploys a WLC and five wireless APs using the CAPWAP protocol with the DTLS feature to secure the control plane of the network devices. While testing the wireless network, the WLAN engineer notices that data traffic is being exchanged between the WLC and the APs in plain-text and is not being encrypted. What is the most likely reason for this? 1) DTLS only provides data security through authentication and does not provide encryption for data moving between a wireless LAN controller (WLC) and an access point (AP). 2) Although DTLS is enabled by default to secure the CAPWAP control channel, it is disabled by default for the data channel. 3) DTLS is a protocol that only provides security between the access point (AP) and the wireless client. 4) Data encryption requires a DTLS license to be installed on each access point (AP) prior to being enabled on the wireless LAN controller (WLC).
2) Although DTLS is enabled by default to secure the CAPWAP control channel, it is disabled by default for the data channel. DTLS is a protocol which provides security between the AP and the WLC. It allows them to communicate using encryption and prevents eavesdropping or tampering.DTLS is enabled by default to secure the CAPWAP control channel but is disabled by default for the data channel. All CAPWAP management and control traffic exchanged between an AP and WLC is encrypted and secured by default to provide control plane privacy and prevent Man-In-the-Middle (MITM) attacks.
A technician is configuring a router for a small company with multiple WLANs and doesn't need the complexity of a dynamic routing protocol. What should be done or checked? 1) Verify that there is not a default route in any of the edge router routing tables. 2) Create static routes to all internal networks and a default route to the internet. 3) Create extra static routes to the same location with an AD of 1. 4) Check the statistics on the default route for oversaturation.
2) Create static routes to all internal networks and a default route to the internet.
How will a router handle static routing differently if Cisco Express Forwarding is disabled? 1) It will not perform recursive lookups. 2) Ethernet multiaccess interfaces will require fully specified static routes to avoid routing inconsistencies. 3) Static routes that use an exit interface will be unnecessary. 4) Serial point-to-point interfaces will require fully specified static routes to avoid routing inconsistencies.
2) Ethernet multiaccess interfaces will require fully specified static routes to avoid routing inconsistencies. In most platforms running IOS 12.0 or later, Cisco Express Forwarding is enabled by default. Cisco Express Forwarding eliminates the need for the recursive lookup. If Cisco Express Forwarding is disabled, multiaccess network interfaces require fully specified static routes in order to avoid inconsistencies in their routing tables. Point-to-point interfaces do not have this problem, because multiple end points are not present. With or without Cisco Express Forwarding enabled, using an exit interface when configuring a static route is a viable option.
What is the effect of entering the switchport port-security configuration command on a switch? 1) It dynamically learns the L2 address and copies it to the running configuration. 2) It enables port security on an interface. 3) It enables port security globally on the switch. 4) It restricts the number of discovery messages, per second, to be received on the interface.
2) It enables port security on an interface.
What protocol or technology disables redundant paths to eliminate Layer 2 loops? 1) VTP 2) STP 3) EtherChannel 4) DTP
2) STP spanning tree protocol
A network engineer is troubleshooting a newly deployed wireless network that is using the latest 802.11 standards. When users access high bandwidth services such as streaming video, the wireless network performance is poor. To improve performance the network engineer decides to configure a 5 Ghz frequency band SSID and train users to use that SSID for streaming media services. Why might this solution improve the wireless network performance for that type of service? 1) Requiring the users to switch to the 5 GHz band for streaming media is inconvenient and will result in fewer users accessing these services. 2) The 5 GHz band has more channels and is less crowded than the 2.4 GHz band, which makes it more suited to streaming multimedia. 3) The 5 GHz band has a greater range and is therefore likely to be interference-free. 4) The only users that can switch to the 5 GHz band will be those with the latest wireless NICs, which will reduce usage.
2) The 5 GHz band has more channels and is less crowded than the 2.4 GHz band, which makes it more suited to streaming multimedia. Wireless range is determined by the access point antenna and output power, not the frequency band that is used. In this scenario it is stated that all users have wireless NICs that comply with the latest standard, and so all can access the 5 GHz band. Although some users may find it inconvenient to switch to the 5 Ghz band to access streaming services, it is the greater number of channels, not just fewer users, that will improve network performance.
After a host has generated an IPv6 address by using the DHCPv6 or SLAAC process, how does the host verify that the address is unique and therefore usable? 1) The host sends an ICMPv6 echo request message to the DHCPv6 or SLAAC-learned address and if no reply is returned, the address is considered unique. 2) The host sends an ICMPv6 neighbor solicitation message to the DHCP or SLAAC-learned address and if no neighbor advertisement is returned, the address is considered unique. 3) The host checks the local neighbor cache for the learned address and if the address is not cached, it it considered unique. 4) The host sends an ARP broadcast to the local link and if no hosts send a reply, the address is considered unique.
2) The host sends an ICMPv6 neighbor solicitation message to the DHCP or SLAAC-learned address and if no neighbor advertisement is returned, the address is considered unique. Before a host can actually configure and use an IPv6 address learned through SLAAC or DHCP, the host must verify that no other host is already using that address. To verify that the address is indeed unique, the host sends an ICMPv6 neighbor solicitation to the address. If no neighbor advertisement is returned, the host considers the address to be unique and configures it on the interface.
What action takes place when the source MAC address of a frame entering a switch is not in the MAC address table? 1) The switch adds a MAC address table entry for the destination MAC address and the egress port. 2) The switch adds the MAC address and incoming port number to the table. 3) The switch replaces the old entry and uses the more current port. 4) The switch updates the refresh timer for the entry.
2) The switch adds the MAC address and incoming port number to the table.
What action takes place when the source MAC address of a frame entering a switch appears in the MAC address table associated with a different port? 1) The switch purges the entire MAC address table. 2) The switch replaces the old entry and uses the more current port. 3) The switch updates the refresh timer for the entry. 4) The switch forwards the frame out of the specified port.
2) The switch replaces the old entry and uses the more current port.
Branch users were able to access a site in the morning but have had no connectivity with the site since lunch time. What should be done or checked? 1) Verify that the static route to the server is present in the routing table. 2) Use the "show ip interface brief" command to see if an interface is down. 3) Check the configuration on the floating static route and adjust the AD. 4) Create a floating static route to that network.
2) Use the "show ip interface brief" command to see if an interface is down.
What is a drawback of the local database method of securing device access that can be solved by using AAA with centralized servers? 1) There is no ability to provide accountability. 2) User accounts must be configured locally on each device, which is an unscalable authentication solution. 3) It is very susceptible to brute-force attacks because there is no username. 4) The passwords can only be stored in plain text in the running configuration.
2) User accounts must be configured locally on each device, which is an unscalable authentication solution. The local database method of securing device access utilizes usernames and passwords that are configured locally on the router. This allows administrators to keep track of who logged in to the device and when. The passwords can also be encrypted in the configuration. However, the account information must be configured on each device where that account should have access, making this solution very difficult to scale.
Which option shows a correctly configured IPv4 default static route? 1) ip route 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 S0/0/0 2) ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 S0/0/0 3) ip route 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 S0/0/0 4) ip route 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 S0/0/0
2) ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 S0/0/0 The static route ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 S0/0/0 is considered a default static route and will match all destination networks.
A network administrator is configuring a WLAN. Why would the administrator use RADIUS servers on the network? 1) to centralize management of multiple WLANs 2) to restrict access to the WLAN by authorized, authenticated users only 3) to facilitate group configuration and management of multiple WLANs through a WLC 4) to monitor the operation of the wireless network
2) to restrict access to the WLAN by authorized, authenticated users only
Which mitigation technique would prevent rogue servers from providing false IP configuration parameters to clients? 1) implementing port security 2) turning on DHCP snooping 3) disabling CDP on edge ports 4) implementing port-security on edge ports
2) turning on DHCP snooping Like Dynamic ARP Inspection (DAI), IP Source Guard (IPSG) needs to determine the validity of MAC-address-to-IP-address bindings. To do this IPSG uses the bindings database built by DHCP snooping.
After attaching four PCs to the switch ports, configuring the SSID and setting authentication properties for a small office network, a technician successfully tests the connectivity of all PCs that are connected to the switch and WLAN. A firewall is then configured on the device prior to connecting it to the Internet. What type of network device includes all of the described features? 1) firewall appliance 2) wireless router 3) switch 4) standalone wireless access point
2) wireless router
What is a secure configuration option for remote access to a network device? 1) Configure an ACL and apply it to the VTY lines. 2) Configure 802.1x. 3) Configure SSH. 4) Configure Telnet.
3) Configure SSH.
Which three steps should be taken before moving a Cisco switch to a new VTP management domain? (Choose three.) 1) Configure the switch with the name of the new management domain. 2) Reset the VTP counters to allow the switch to synchronize with the other switches in the domain. 3) Configure the VTP server in the domain to recognize the BID of the new switch. 4) Download the VTP database from the VTP server in the new domain. 5) Select the correct VTP mode and version. 6) Reboot the switch.
3) Configure the switch with the name of the new management domain. 5) Select the correct VTP (virtual trunking protocol) mode and version. 6) Reboot the switch. Explanation: When adding a new switch to a VTP domain, it is critical to configure the switch with a new domain name, the correct VTP mode, VTP version number, and password. A switch with a higher revision number can propagate invalid VLANs and erase valid VLANs thus preventing connectivity for multiple devices on the valid VLANs.
A company has just switched to a new ISP. The ISP has completed and checked the connection from its site to the company. However, employees at the company are not able to access the internet. What should be done or checked? 1) Verify that the static route to the server is present in the routing table. 2) Check the configuration on the floating static route and adjust the AD. 3) Ensure that the old default route has been removed from the company edge routers. 4) Create a floating static route to that network.
3) Ensure that the old default route has been removed from the company edge routers.
What is the effect of entering the spanning-tree portfast configuration command on a switch? 1) It disables an unused port. 2) It disables all trunk ports. 3) It enables portfast on a specific switch interface. 4) It checks the source L2 address in the Ethernet header against the sender L2 address in the ARP body.
3) It enables portfast on a specific switch interface.
A network administrator is preparing the implementation of Rapid PVST+ on a production network. How are the Rapid PVST+ link types determined on the switch interfaces? 1) Link types can only be configured on access ports configured with a single VLAN. 2) Link types can only be determined if PortFast has been configured. 3) Link types are determined automatically. 4) Link types must be configured with specific port configuration commands.
3) Link types are determined automatically. Explanation: When Rapid PVST+ is being implemented, link types are automatically determined but can be specified manually. Link types can be either point-to-point, shared, or edge.
A cybersecurity analyst is using the macof tool to evaluate configurations of switches deployed in the backbone network of an organization. Which type of LAN attack is the analyst targeting during this evaluation? 1) VLAN hopping 2) DHCP spoofing 3) MAC address table overflow 4) VLAN double-tagging
3) MAC address table overflow Macof is a network attack tool and is mainly used to flood LAN switches with MAC addresses.
A network administrator of a small advertising company is configuring WLAN security by using the WPA2 PSK method. Which credential do office users need in order to connect their laptops to the WLAN? 1) the company username and password through Active Directory service 2) a key that matches the key on the AP 3) a user passphrase 4) a username and password configured on the AP
3) a user passphrase
Which command will start the process to bundle two physical interfaces to create an EtherChannel group via LACP? 1) interface port-channel 2 2) channel-group 1 mode desirable 3) interface range GigabitEthernet 0/4 - 5 4) channel-group 2 mode auto
3) interface range GigabitEthernet 0/4 - 5
A network administrator is configuring a WLAN. Why would the administrator use a WLAN controller? 1) to centralize management of multiple WLANs 2) to provide privacy and integrity to wireless traffic by using encryption 3) to facilitate group configuration and management of multiple WLANs through a WLC 4) to provide prioritized service for time-sensitive applications
3) to facilitate group configuration and management of multiple WLANs through a WLC
A network administrator is configuring a WLAN. Why would the administrator change the default DHCP IPv4 addresses on an AP? 1) to restrict access to the WLAN by authorized, authenticated users only 2) to monitor the operation of the wireless network 3) to reduce outsiders intercepting data or accessing the wireless network by using a well-known address range 4) to reduce the risk of interference by external devices such as microwave ovens
3) to reduce outsiders intercepting data or accessing the wireless network by using a well-known address range
A junior technician was adding a route to a LAN router. A traceroute to a device on the new network revealed a wrong path and unreachable status. What should be done or checked? 1) Verify that there is not a default route in any of the edge router routing tables. 2) Check the configuration on the floating static route and adjust the AD. 3) Create a floating static route to that network. 4) Check the configuration of the exit interface on the new static route
4) Check the configuration of the exit interface on the new static route
An administrator notices that large numbers of packets are being dropped on one of the branch routers. What should be done or checked? 1) Create static routes to all internal networks and a default route to the internet. 2) Create extra static routes to the same location with an AD of 1. 3) Check the statistics on the default route for oversaturation. 4) Check the routing table for a missing static route.
4) Check the routing table for a missing static route.
Users are complaining of sporadic access to the internet every afternoon. What should be done or checked? 1) Create static routes to all internal networks and a default route to the internet. 2) Verify that there is not a default route in any of the edge router routing tables. 3) Create a floating static route to that network. 4) Check the statistics on the default route for oversaturation.
4) Check the statistics on the default route for oversaturation.
Why is DHCP snooping required when using the Dynamic ARP Inspection feature? 1) It relies on the settings of trusted and untrusted ports set by DHCP snooping. 2) It uses the MAC address table to verify the default gateway IP address. 3) It redirects ARP requests to the DHCP server for verification. 4) It uses the MAC-address-to-IP-address binding database to validate an ARP packet.
4) It uses the MAC-address-to-IP-address binding database to validate an ARP packet. DAI relies on DHCP snooping. DHCP snooping listens to DHCP message exchanges and builds a bindings database of valid tuples (MAC address, IP address, VLAN interface). When DAI is enabled, the switch drops ARP packet if the sender MAC address and sender IP address do not match an entry in the DHCP snooping bindings database. However, it can be overcome through static mappings. Static mappings are useful when hosts configure static IP addresses, DHCP snooping cannot be run, or other switches in the network do not run dynamic ARP inspection. A static mapping associates an IP address to a MAC address on a VLAN.
125. A network administrator uses the spanning-tree portfast bpduguard default global configuration command to enable BPDU guard on a switch. However, BPDU guard is not activated on all access ports. What is the cause of the issue? 1) BPDU guard needs to be activated in the interface configuration command mode. 2) Access ports configured with root guard cannot be configured with BPDU guard. 3) Access ports belong to different VLANs. 4) PortFast is not configured on all access ports.
4) PortFast is not configured on all access ports.
Which two functions are performed by a WLC when using split media access control (MAC)? (Choose two.) 1) packet acknowledgments and retransmissions 2) frame queuing and packet prioritization 3) beacons and probe responses 4) frame translation to other protocols 5) association and re-association of roaming clients
4) frame translation to other protocols 5) association and re-association of roaming clients WLC- Cisco Wireless Controller
Which two VTP modes allow for the creation, modification, and deletion of VLANs on the local switch? (Choose two.) 1) client 2) master 3) distribution 4) slave 5) server 6) transparent
5) server 6) transparent
Which three Wi-Fi standards operate in the 2.4GHz range of frequencies? (Choose three.) 802.11a 802.11b 802.11g 802.11n 802.11ac
802.11b 802.11g 802.11n
A network administrator is adding a new WLAN on a Cisco 3500 series WLC. Which tab should the administrator use to create a new VLAN interface to be used for the new WLAN? WIRELESS MANAGEMENT CONTROLLER WLANs
CONTROLLER
A network administrator is using the router-on-a-stick model to configure a switch and a router for inter-VLAN routing. What configuration should be made on the switch port that connects to the router? 1) Configure it as a trunk port and allow only untagged traffic. 2) Configure the port as an access port and a member of VLAN1. 3) Configure the port as an 802.1q trunk port. 4) Configure the port as a trunk port and assign it to VLAN1.
Configure the port as an 802.1q trunk port. The port on the switch that connects to the router interface should be configured as a trunk port. Once it becomes a trunk port, it does not belong to any particular VLAN and will forward traffic from various VLANs.
Match description Cut through store and forward 1) appropriate for high performance computing 2) error checking before forwarding 3) forwarding process can begin after receiving the destination frame 4) forwarding process only begins after receiving the entire frame 5) may forward invalid frames 6) only forward valid frames
Cut through - forwarding process can begin after receiving the destination frame - may forward invalid frames - appropriate for high performance computing store and forward - error checking before forwarding - forwarding process only begins after receiving the entire frame - only forward valid frames
What network attack seeks to create a DoS for clients by preventing them from being able to obtain a DHCP lease? IP address spoofing DHCP starvation CAM table attack DHCP spoofing
DHCP starvation DCHP starvation attacks are launched by an attacker with the intent to create a DoS for DHCP clients. To accomplish this goal, the attacker uses a tool that sends many DHCPDISCOVER messages in order to lease the entire pool of available IP addresses, thus denying them to legitimate hosts.
Match the purpose with its DHCP message type. DHCPREQUEST DHCPDISCOVER DHCPOFFER DHCPACK a message that is used to locate any available DHCP server on a network a message that is used to identify the explicit server and lease offer to accept a message that is used to acknowledge that the lease is successful a message that is used to suggest a lease to a client
DHCPREQUEST- a message that is used to identify the explicit server and lease offer to accept DHCPDISCOVER- a message that is used to locate any available DHCP server on a network DHCPOFFER- a message that is used to suggest a lease to a client DHCPACK- a message that is used to acknowledge that the lease is successful
What protocol should be disabled to help mitigate VLAN attacks? CDP ARP STP DTP
DTP dynamic trunking protocol
What mitigation plan is best for thwarting a DoS attack that is creating a MAC address table overflow? Disable DTP. Disable STP. Enable port security. Place unused ports in an unused VLAN.
Enable port security. A MAC address (CAM) table overflow attack, buffer overflow, and MAC address spoofing can all be mitigated by configuring port security. A network administrator would typically not want to disable STP because it prevents Layer 2 loops. DTP is disabled to prevent VLAN hopping. Placing unused ports in an unused VLAN prevents unauthorized wired connectivity.
What are three techniques for mitigating VLAN attacks? (Choose three.) Use private VLANs. Enable BPDU guard. Enable trunking manually Enable Source Guard. Disable DTP. Set the native VLAN to an unused VLAN.
Enable trunking manually Disable DTP. Set the native VLAN to an unused VLAN. Mitigating a VLAN attack can be done by disabling Dynamic Trunking Protocol (DTP), manually setting ports to trunking mode, and by setting the native VLAN of trunk links to VLANs not in use.
What protocol or technology uses source IP to destination IP as a load-balancing mechanism? VTP EtherChannel DTP STP
EtherChannel
What is the IPv6 prefix that is used for link-local addresses? FF01::/8 2001::/3 FC00::/7 FE80::/10
FE80::/10 The IPv6 link-local prefix is FE80::/10 and is used to create a link-local IPv6 address on an interface.
What protocol or technology defines a group of routers, one of them defined as active and another one as standby? EtherChannel VTP HSRP DTP
HSRP
A network administrator is configuring a new Cisco switch for remote management access. Which three items must be configured on the switch for the task? (Choose three.) IP address VTP domain vty lines default VLAN default gateway loopback address
IP address default gateway vty lines To enable the remote management access, the Cisco switch must be configured with an IP address and a default gateway. In addition, vty lines must configured to enable either Telnet or SSH connections. A loopback address, default VLAN, and VTP domain configurations are not necessary for the purpose of remote switch management.
What is the effect of entering the switchport mode access configuration command on a switch? It enables BPDU guard on a specific port. It manually enables a trunk link. It disables an unused port. It disables DTP on a non-trunking interface.
It disables DTP (dynamic trunking protocol) on a non-trunking interface.
What is the effect of entering the shutdown configuration command on a switch? 1) It enables BPDU guard on a specific port. 2) It disables an unused port. 3) It enables portfast on a specific switch interface. 4) It disables DTP on a non-trunking interface.
It disables an unused port.
What is the effect of entering the ip dhcp snooping configuration command on a switch? It enables DHCP snooping globally on a switch. It enables PortFast globally on a switch. It disables DTP negotiations on trunking ports. It manually enables a trunk link.
It enables DHCP snooping globally on a switch.
What action does a DHCPv4 client take if it receives more than one DHCPOFFER from multiple DHCP servers? 1) It sends a DHCPREQUEST that identifies which lease offer the client is accepting. 2) It sends a DHCPNAK and begins the DHCP process over again. 3) It discards both offers and sends a new DHCPDISCOVER. 4) It accepts both DHCPOFFER messages and sends a DHCPACK.
It sends a DHCPREQUEST that identifies which lease offer the client is accepting.
Which two types of spanning tree protocols can cause suboptimal traffic flows because they assume only one spanning-tree instance for the entire bridged network? (Choose two.) MSTP RSTP Rapid PVST+ PVST+ STP
RSTP STP
Which method of IPv6 prefix assignment relies on the prefix contained in RA messages? EUI-64 SLAAC static stateful DHCPv6
SLAAC
Which protocol adds security to remote connections? FTP HTTP NetBEUI POP SSH
SSH
What protocol or technology allows data to transmit over redundant switch links? EtherChannel DTP STP VTP
STP
Which two protocols are used to provide server-based AAA authentication? (Choose two.) 802.1x SSH SNMP TACACS+ RADIUS
TACACS+ RADIUS
A network administrator has found a user sending a double-tagged 802.1Q frame to a switch. What is the best solution to prevent this type of attack? 1) The native VLAN number used on any trunk should be one of the active data VLANs. 2) The VLANs for user access ports should be different VLANs than any native VLANs used on trunk ports. 3) Trunk ports should be configured with port security. 4) Trunk ports should use the default VLAN as the native VLAN number.
The VLANs for user access ports should be different VLANs than any native VLANs used on trunk ports.
A network administrator has configured a router for stateless DHCPv6 operation. However, users report that workstations are not receiving DNS server information. Which two router configuration lines should be verified to ensure that stateless DHCPv6 service is properly configured? (Choose two.) 1) The domain-name line is included in the ipv6 dhcp pool section. 2) The dns-server line is included in the ipv6 dhcp pool section. 3) The ipv6 nd other-config-flag is entered for the interface that faces the LAN segment. 4) The address prefix line is included in the ipv6 dhcp pool section.
The dns-server line is included in the ipv6 dhcp pool section. The ipv6 nd other-config-flag is entered for the interface that faces the LAN segment.
To obtain an overview of the spanning tree status of a switched network, a network engineer issues the show spanning-tree command on a switch. Which two items of information will this command display? (Choose two.) The root bridge BID. The role of the ports in all VLANs. The status of native VLAN ports. The number of broadcasts received on each root port. The IP address of the management VLAN interface.
The root bridge BID. The role of the ports in all VLANs.
What is a result of connecting two or more switches together? The number of broadcast domains is increased. The size of the broadcast domain is increased. The number of collision domains is reduced. The size of the collision domain is increased.
The size of the broadcast domain is increased. When two or more switches are connected together, the size of the broadcast domain is increased and so is the number of collision domains. The number of broadcast domains is increased only when routers are added.
What action takes place when a frame entering a switch has a unicast destination MAC address appearing in the MAC address table? The switch updates the refresh timer for the entry. The switch forwards the frame out of the specified port. The switch purges the entire MAC address table. The switch replaces the old entry and uses the more current port.
The switch forwards the frame out of the specified port.
What protocol or technology requires switches to be in server mode or client mode? EtherChannel STP VTP DTP
VTP VLAN trunking protocol
On a Cisco 3504 WLC Summary page ( Advanced > Summary ), which tab allows a network administrator to configure a particular WLAN with a WPA2 policy? WLANs SECURITY WIRELESS MANAGEMENT
WLANs
What method of wireless authentication is dependent on a RADIUS authentication server? WEP WPA Personal WPA2 Personal WPA2 Enterprise
WPA2 Enterprise
A new Layer 3 switch is connected to a router and is being configured for interVLAN routing. What are three of the five steps required for the configuration? (Choose three.) Case 1: modifying the default VLAN installing a static route adjusting the route metric creating VLANs assigning ports to VLANs creating SVI interfaces implementing a routing protocol
adjusting the route metric creating VLANs assigning ports to VLANs
Which DHCPv4 message will a client send to accept an IPv4 address that is offered by a DHCP server? broadcast DHCPACK broadcast DHCPREQUEST unicast DHCPACK unicast DHCPREQUEST
broadcast DHCPREQUEST When a DHCP client receives DHCPOFFER messages, it will send a broadcast DHCPREQUEST message for two purposes. First, it indicates to the offering DHCP server that it would like to accept the offer and bind the IP address. Second, it notifies any other responding DHCP servers that their offers are declined.
A company is deploying a wireless network in the distribution facility in a Boston suburb. The warehouse is quite large and it requires multiple access points to be used. Because some of the company devices still operate at 2.4GHz, the network administrator decides to deploy the 802.11g standard. Which channel assignments on the multiple access points will make sure that the wireless channels are not overlapping? channels 1, 5, and 9 channels 1, 6, and 11 channels 1, 7, and 13 channels 2, 6, and 10
channels 1, 6, and 11 In the North America domain, 11 channels are allowed for 2.4GHz wireless networking. Among these 11 channels, the combination of channels 1, 6, and 11 are the only non-overlapping channel combination.
Which three pairs of trunking modes will establish a functional trunk link between two Cisco switches? (Choose three.) 1) dynamic desirable - dynamic desirable 2) dynamic desirable - trunk 3) dynamic auto - dynamic auto 4) access - dynamic auto 5) dynamic desirable - dynamic auto 6) access - trunk
dynamic desirable - dynamic desirable dynamic desirable - trunk dynamic desirable - dynamic auto
What are two switch characteristics that could help alleviate network congestion? (Choose two.) fast internal switching large frame buffers store-and-forward switching low port density frame check sequence (FCS) check
fast internal switching large frame buffers
match the link state to the interface and protocol status. (Not all options are used.) operational disabled layer 1 problem layer 2 problem up/up up/down up/disabled down/down admin down
operational -up/up disabled- admin down layer 1 problem- down/down layer 2 problem- up/down
A network administrator configures the port security feature on a switch. The security policy specifies that each access port should allow up to two MAC addresses. When the maximum number of MAC addresses is reached, a frame with the unknown source MAC address is dropped and a notification is sent to the syslog server. Which security violation mode should be configured for each access port? shutdown restrict warning protect
restrict
Which network attack is mitigated by enabling BPDU guard? 1) rogue switches on a network 2) CAM table overflow attacks 3) MAC address spoofing 4) rogue DHCP servers on a network
rogue switches on a network There are several recommended STP stability mechanisms to help mitigate STP manipulation attacks: PortFast - used to immediately bring an interface configured as an access or trunk port to the forwarding state from a blocking state. Applied to all end-user ports. BPDU guard - immediately error-disables a port that receives a BPDU. Applied to all end-user ports.The receipt of BPDUs may be part of an unauthorized attempt to add a switch to the network. Root guard - prevents a switch from becoming the root switch. Applied to all ports where the root switch should not be located. Loop guard - detects unidirectional links to prevent alternate or root ports from becoming designated ports. Applied to all ports that are or can become non-designated.
What would be the primary reason an attacker would launch a MAC address overflow attack? so that the switch stops forwarding traffic so that legitimate hosts cannot obtain a MAC address so that the attacker can see frames that are destined for other hosts so that the attacker can execute arbitrary code on the switch
so that the attacker can see frames that are destined for other hosts
A company security policy requires that all MAC addressing be dynamically learned and added to both the MAC address table and the running configuration on each switch. Which port security configuration will accomplish this? auto secure MAC addresses dynamic secure MAC addresses static secure MAC addresses sticky secure MAC addresses
sticky secure MAC addresses With sticky secure MAC addressing, the MAC addresses can be either dynamically learned or manually configured and then stored in the address table and added to the running configuration file. In contrast, dynamic secure MAC addressing provides for dynamically learned MAC addressing that is stored only in the address table.
What command will enable a router to begin sending messages that allow it to configure a link-local address without using an IPv6 DHCP server? a static route the ipv6 route ::/0 command the ipv6 unicast-routing command the ip routing command
the ipv6 unicast-routing command To enable IPv6 on a router you must use the ipv6 unicast-routing global configuration command or use the ipv6 enable interface configuration command. This is equivalent to entering ip routing to enable IPv4 routing on a router when it has been turned off. Keep in mind that IPv4 is enabled on a router by default. IPv6 is not enabled by default.
Which information does a switch use to populate the MAC address table? 1) the destination MAC address and the incoming port 2) the destination MAC address and the outgoing port 3) the source and destination MAC addresses and the incoming port 4)the source and destination MAC addresses and the outgoing port 5) the source MAC address and the incoming port 6) the source MAC address and the outgoing port
the source MAC address and the incoming port To maintain the MAC address table, the switch uses the source MAC address of the incoming packets and the port that the packets enter. The destination address is used to select the outgoing port.
What are two reasons a network administrator would segment a network with a Layer 2 switch? (Choose two.) to create fewer collision domains to enhance user bandwidth to create more broadcast domains to eliminate virtual circuits to isolate traffic between segments to isolate ARP request messages from the rest of the network
to enhance user bandwidth to isolate traffic between segments A switch has the ability of creating temporary point-to-point connections between the directly-attached transmitting and receiving network devices. The two devices have full-bandwidth full-duplex connectivity during the transmission.
A network administrator is configuring a WLAN. Why would the administrator use multiple lightweight APs? to centralize management of multiple WLANs to monitor the operation of the wireless network to provide prioritized service for time-sensitive applications to facilitate group configuration and management of multiple WLANs through a WLC
to facilitate group configuration and management of multiple WLANs through a WLC
In which situation would a technician use the show interfaces switch command? 1) to determine if remote access is enabled 2) when packets are being dropped from a particular directly attached host 3) when an end device can reach local devices, but not remote devices 4) to determine the MAC address of a directly attached network device on a particular interface
when packets are being dropped from a particular directly attached host The show interfaces command is useful to detect media errors, to see if packets are being sent and received, and to determine if any runts, giants, CRCs, interface resets, or other errors have occurred. Problems with reachability to a remote network would likely be caused by a misconfigured default gateway or other routing issue, not a switch issue. The show mac address-table command shows the MAC address of a directly attached device.
