Cell Organelles

Mitochondrion (plural, mitochondria)

membrane-bound, bean-shaped organelle that that produces ATP (energy) for the cell, mostly aerobically (with oxygen). Referred to as the powerhouse of the cell.

Nucleus

A part of the cell containing DNA, it is responsible for growth and controlling the cells activity

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (rER)

Membrane-bound organelle. Region of the endoplasmic reticulum that is studded with ribosomes. It is synthesizes (produces) proteins and phospholipids that are used by other organelles in the cell or are secreted by the cell (such as an enzyme).

Golgi Body/Complex (Apparatus)

Membrane-bound organelle. Sorts and packages and transports proteins to be released from the cell. Forms secretory vesicles that release the proteins outside the cell (by exocytosis). Also forms transport vesicles that carry molecules to other organelles such as lysosomes.

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (sER)

Membrane-bound organelle. The region of the endoplasmic reticulum that has few or no ribosomes. It is synthesizes (produces) lipids, and steroid hormones; detoxifies chemicals like pesticides, medications, and environmental pollutants; and stores calcium ions in muscle cells