Cell Organelles

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eukaryote

A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles

nucleoid

A dense region of circular DNA in a prokaryotic (bacteria) cell.

vacuoles

cell organelle that stores materials such as water, salts, nutrients, and wastes; large in plant cells.

lysosome

digestion center; this organelle is filled with enzymes needed to break down certain materials in the cell; found only in animal cells.

nuclear membrane/ envelope

holds the nucleus together and controls what goes in and out of it.

chromatin

long strands of linear (straight) DNA found in the eukaryotic cell nucleus; condense to form chromosomes

ribosomes

make proteins

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

no ribosomes are found on surface; contains collection of enzymes that perform special tasks that includes making lipids and detoxifying the cell.

mitochondria

powerhouse of the cell; produces energy for the cell

flagella

whiplike tails found in prokaryotic (one-celled) organisms to aid in movement

capsule

A sticky layer that surrounds the cell walls of some bacteria, protecting the cell from the hosts immune system.

prokaryote

A unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane bound organelles

nucleus

The organelle that contains the DNA and controls the processes of the cell; aka the control center.

nucleolus

The organelle where ribosomes are made; located in the nucleus

centrioles

Tiny structures located in the cytoplasm of animal cells that play a role in cell division.

cytoplasm

a jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended

rough endoplasmic reticulum

a region that is recognized by the grainy appearance of the ribosomes on their outer surface, where the cell's proteins are made and transported to other parts of the cell

cell wall

a rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides extra support/protection to plant and bacterial cells.

chloroplast

organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy

golgi complex/ bodies

organelle that modifies, packages, and transports material out of the cell.

pili

short, hairlike protein structures on the surface of some bacteria that allow them to attach to other cells.

vesicles

small membrane sacs or "packages" that are sent out by the golgi complex in a cell.

cell membrane

thin, flexible barrier around a cell; regulates what enters and leaves the cell


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