Cell Organelles
eukaryote
A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
nucleoid
A dense region of circular DNA in a prokaryotic (bacteria) cell.
vacuoles
cell organelle that stores materials such as water, salts, nutrients, and wastes; large in plant cells.
lysosome
digestion center; this organelle is filled with enzymes needed to break down certain materials in the cell; found only in animal cells.
nuclear membrane/ envelope
holds the nucleus together and controls what goes in and out of it.
chromatin
long strands of linear (straight) DNA found in the eukaryotic cell nucleus; condense to form chromosomes
ribosomes
make proteins
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
no ribosomes are found on surface; contains collection of enzymes that perform special tasks that includes making lipids and detoxifying the cell.
mitochondria
powerhouse of the cell; produces energy for the cell
flagella
whiplike tails found in prokaryotic (one-celled) organisms to aid in movement
capsule
A sticky layer that surrounds the cell walls of some bacteria, protecting the cell from the hosts immune system.
prokaryote
A unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
nucleus
The organelle that contains the DNA and controls the processes of the cell; aka the control center.
nucleolus
The organelle where ribosomes are made; located in the nucleus
centrioles
Tiny structures located in the cytoplasm of animal cells that play a role in cell division.
cytoplasm
a jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended
rough endoplasmic reticulum
a region that is recognized by the grainy appearance of the ribosomes on their outer surface, where the cell's proteins are made and transported to other parts of the cell
cell wall
a rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides extra support/protection to plant and bacterial cells.
chloroplast
organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy
golgi complex/ bodies
organelle that modifies, packages, and transports material out of the cell.
pili
short, hairlike protein structures on the surface of some bacteria that allow them to attach to other cells.
vesicles
small membrane sacs or "packages" that are sent out by the golgi complex in a cell.
cell membrane
thin, flexible barrier around a cell; regulates what enters and leaves the cell