Cells (WS part 4)

To help get rid of or digest food or other objects.

Why might a lysosome fuse with or link up with a food vacuole?

BOTH - Some are floating freely in the cytoplasm, and some are attached to the ER.

Are they found freely floating in the cytoplasm? OR are they found attached to another organelle? or both

Cell membrane protects the cell; controls what goes in and out of cell, communication. Nuclear membrane protect the nucleus. Cell membrane is only single bi-layer, and the nuclear membrane is double bi-layer. Nuclear membrane double bi-layer could provide better protection.

How does the membrane of the cell differ from the nuclear membrane? What advantages does this difference have for the nucleus?

Nucleus has instructions for making proteins and the nucleus is the home of the nucleolus which makes the ribosomes that make the proteins.

How is the nucleus involved in protein synthesis?

Vesicles

In what organelle do molecules move from the ER to the Golgi bodies?

Mitochondria

In what organelle does cellular respiration take place?

Vacuoles and Vesicles (transport proteins from ER to Golgi and from Golgi to Cell Membrane).

Name two storage organelles.

Small, round organelles, containing enzymes that digest old and worn out cell parts, enzymes, viruses, bacteria.

What are lysosomes? What types of molecules would be found inside a lysosome?

Make proteins

What do ribosomes do?

Helps move proteins and other materials around within the cell.

What does the endoplasmic reticulum do?

Small cylindrical organelles used with the spindle apparatus during mitosis in animal cells

What is a centriole? In what type of cell (plant or animal) is it found? What does it do for the cell?

Rough ER has ribosomes attached to it that make proteins and lipids. Smooth ER doesn't have ribosomes and can be used for storage and for making lipids.

What is the difference between rough ER and smooth ER? What is the ER doing that is different in each case?

Nucleus has instructions for making proteins; Nucleolus makes ribosomes; Ribosomes make proteins; ER transports proteins within cell; Golgi packages proteins which can then be exported through the cell membrane.

What is the list of organelles that take part in protein synthesis?

Ribosomes make proteins for the cell and Mitochondria use sugar and oxygen to release energy that is used by the cell. ER helps make proteins (ribosomes) and also lipids. Chloroplasts turn sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water into food (glucose).

What organelle is considered a "factory", because it takes in raw materials and converts them to cell products that can be used by the cell?