CGS Computer Hardware

Petabyte (PB) Terabyte (TB) Gigabyte (GB) Megabyte (MB) Kilobyte (KB)

1,000 terabytes of data One trillion bytes of data One billion bytes of data One million bytes of data One thousand bytes of data

Sometimes called a convertible laptop, a type of laptop that has a removable, or concealed keyboard as well as a touchscreen so that it can be used as a tablet is called a(n) ___

2-in-1

Processors typically have a word size of either ___ or ___.

32 bits; 64 bits

Which two of the following would be used to store a single bit of data?

A transistor A hole in a punchcard

Some computers use _____ , an 8-bit coding scheme to represent characters in a binary format.

ASCII

Which computer component found on the motherboard (magnified in the image) is often called the brains of the computer?

CPU

Which three of the following are correct statements regarding clock speed?

Clock speed is sometimes called clock rate. The clock speed is the base speed at which the processor performs the machine cycle each second. Increasing the clock speed of a processor is called overclocking.

A digital device that accepts input, processes and stores the input, and provides output is a ____.

Computer

Which four steps are the part of the machine cycle?

Fetch, decode, execute, and store

Which three of the following are commonly associated with laptop computers?

Full operating system Mobile Integrated keyboard, monitor, and touchpad

___ is the standard for video and audio input into televisions today.

HDMI

Which of the following terms refers to the physical parts of a computer system?

Hardware

Select 3 characteristics of a tablet computer.

Has as a touchscreen Usually has a mobile operating system Is highly mobile

Which 3 of the following provide data storage?

Internal hard drive solid-state drive (SSD) External hard drive

This personal computer is called a notebook or a __. It is popular with students because it is relatively affordable and powerful and the integrated keyboard makes it easy to input text.

Laptop

The correct abbreviation for megahertz is:

MHz

In an all-in-one computer, such as the one pictured in the image, the motherboard is housed behind the __.

Monitor

Rank the storage capacities from highest to lowest. Place the highest capacity (largest) at the top.

Petabyte Terabyte Gigabyte Megabyte Kilobyte

A highly mobile, touch-screen enabled device that is larger than a smartphone and popular with those who use a computer while walking around is a __computer.

Tablet

Tablet computer Not a feature of a tablet computer

Tablet computers are highly portable Smaller OS (usually) Touchscreen is primary input Most allow you to upgrade RAM Include a terabyte (TB) or more of storage.

Which two of the following are used for measuring typical hard drive capacities for personal computers?

Terabytes Gigabytes

A stationary (non-mobile) computer that combines the power of a desktop with a neat, clean, look is a(n):

all-in-one

Devices that integrate the computer case (chassis) and system components into the monitor, but have an external keyboard and mouse are called ___ computers

all-in-one

If you want a non-mobile computer without the relatively large footprint of a desktop, consider purchasing a(n) ___ computer.

all-in-one

Lightning connectors were developed by ___.

apple

Smartphones owe much of their popularity and computing flexibility to ___ .

apps (applications)

Represented by either a 0 or 1, a ____ is the smallest unit of data a computer can process.

bit

The loading of an operating system into the main memory of a device is called the __process.

boot

A personal computer with a separate system unit (chassis or tower) and a relatively large footprint is called a ___ .

desktop

It is important to be able to identify the different types of computers. For example, what do you call a computer that has a separate chassis (or tower) that connects to separate peripherals such as the monitor, keyboard, and mouse?

desktop

This personal computer is a good choice for gamers who want to be able to expand its capabilities and for families with children who might drop a laptop. It's called a __computer.

desktop

Screen size is measured by the ___.

diagonal distance between the upper right and lower left corners of the screen.

Screen size is measured ___from one corner of the screen to the other.

diagonally

A unit of frequency representing one cycle per second is

hertz

Because they have no moving parts, solid-state drives (SSDs) costs tend to be ___.

higher

Memory, such as a computer's RAM ___

holds data and programs being used by the processor.

A two-in-one computer combines a large tablet computer with a (usually) detachable ___

keyboard

Fetch, decode, execute, and store are steps of the _____ cycle.

machine

High-Definition__ Interface is a standard interface for audio-video connectivity which allows for the transmission of high-definition audio and video signals.

media

Megahertz means one _____ cycles (or instructions) per second.

million

This would plug into a computer's USB___

port

All computations and activities in a digital device are conducted by the ___

processor

A set of rules for communication between devices that determine how data are transmitted and received is called a __.

protocol

A type of interface that enables communication between digital devices, allows data transfer, and for devices to be electrically charged is called Universal __ Bus

serial

A computer system in a network that is shared by multiple users is called a

server

A computer system in a network that is shared by multiple users is called a ___

server

Data from the hard drive reaches the CPU ___ than data from the RAM

slower

A coding scheme capable of representing the languages of the world, __uses 16 bits to represent information.

unicode

One type of storage device is a ___ .

universal serial bus (USB) drive

Personal computer CPU clock speeds range between ____.

1-4 gigahertz

The __coding language uses 8 bits to represent a byte of information.

ASCII

Which two of the following are correct statements regarding all-in-one computers?

All-in-one computers house every component except the keyboard and mouse inside the same case as the monitor. An all-in-one computer is a stationary device with a separate keyboard and mouse. The motherboard is housed behind the monitor.

Which of the following is not part of the boot process?

Any installed anti-virus software checks the system for errors

Which of the following computers might contain a traditional (magnetic) hard drive?

Dell desktop computer

The only major difference between MacBooks and the Dell laptops is their prices.

False

Programs and data currently being used by the processor are placed in the ___.

RAM

Many computers today use _____, which is a coding scheme using at least 16 bits to represent a character.

Unicode

The three factors that impact processor speed are clock speed, word size, and _____ .

bus width

Eight bits are considered to make one __ of information. In American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII), it is the data required to store one character, such as a letter or a number.

byte

In American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII), eight bits = one ___.

byte

Memory and __hold data used by processors.

cache

Hard drive __is the amount of storage you have available to save data and information.

capacity

The amount of instructions the CPU can process per second is dictated by the ___

clock

Memory, such as RAM or cache, is __ and has no moving parts.

electronic (solid state)

Small computers can be found in many devices such as anti-lock brakes, programmable coffee pots and thermostats. They come with real time operating system (RTOS). Small computers that are a component of other devices are called ___ computers

embedded

Sold in categories such as CAT5e (enhanced) or CAT6, or CAT7 cable is commonly used for connecting devices in a network. These are commonly called cable

ethernet

Most tablets have solid-state drive (SSD) capacities measured in terabytes (TBs).

false

The devices shown in the image (iPod, Chromecast, Roku, etc.) are referred to as Personal ___ Players

media

Media players allow you to listen to audio files such as music, podcasts, listen to audio books, and watch videos. Media players are often referred to as _____ Media Players due to their transportability and customization.

personal

Select 2 items that are commonly found in a traditional hard drive.

platter read/write head

Solid __Drives (SSDs) are all-electronic storage devices that are used in a variety of products including smartphones, cameras, and tablet computers. SSDs have no moving parts, which makes them faster and more durable than hard drives.

state

A hardware component that keeps data and information when the device is not powered is called a ____ device.

storage

Devices allowing the retention of data, when your computer has been shut down, for future use are called __.

storage

The graphics adapter inside a digital device is also called the __card.

video

If you buy a new computer game that emphasizes graphics, or new photo/video editing software for your desktop computer, you may want to purchase a new ___.

video/graphics card

The amount of bits a processor can work with at any given time is referred to as___ size.

word

The connector and port developed for Apple devices such as iPhones and iPads is called _____.

lightening

The port found on most iPhones (prior to the iPhone 15) is referred to as a __ port.

lightening

The computer that can be found inside a programmable coffee pot is referred to as a(n) ___ computer. It has a real-time operating system.

embedded

A protocol commonly used to transfer large files from one server to another on the Internet is the ___.

file transfer protocol (FTP)

The amount of space a device takes up on a desk or table is referred to as its _____.

footprint

Typical SSD capacities for tablet computers or smartphones are measured in _____.

gigabytes

The output of a computer that creates a visual image is called ___.

graphics

The physical parts of a computer such as the system unit (like the tower unit shown) or a monitor are referred to as computer

hardware

A mobile hinged computer with an integrated keyboard that uses a full operating system is called a notebook or a ____ computer.

laptop

Because a metal platter is physically spinning, hard drives have ___ .

longer access times

When a computer is shut down, the information in the memory (the RAM, the caches, the registers) is ___.

not saved

A cell phone that allows you to surf the web is called a(n) ___. This is actually a powerful computer capable of accepting input, processing data into information, providing data, and storing data.

smartphone