Ch 1 exam

What are two functions of a router? (Choose two.) A router connects multiple IP networks It controls the flow of data via the use of Layer 2 addresses It determines the best path to send packets It provides segmentation at Layer 2 It builds a routing table based on ARP requests

A router connects multiple IP networks* It determines the best path to send packets* Routers connect multiple networks, determine the best path to send packets, and forward packets based on a destination IP address.

Which two statements correctly describe the concepts of administrative distance and metric? (Choose two.) Administrative distance refers to the trustworthiness of a particular route A router first installs routes with higher administrative distances The value of the administrative distance can not be altered by the network administrator Routes with the smallest metric to a destination indicate the best path The metric is always determined based on hop count The metric varies depending which Layer 3 protocol is being routed, such as I

Administrative distance refers to the trustworthiness of a particular route* Routes with the smallest metric to a destination indicate the best path*

In order for packets to be sent to a remote destination, what three pieces of information must be configured on a host? (Choose three.) hostname IP address subnet mask default gateway DNS server address DHCP server address

IP address* subnet mask* default gateway* A host can use its IP address and subnet mask to determine if a destination is on the same network or on a remote network. If it is on a remote network, the host will need a configured default gateway in order to send packets to the remote destination. DNS servers translate names into IP addresses, and DHCP servers are used to automatically assign IP addressing information to hosts. Neither of these servers has to be configured for basic remote connectivity.

What two pieces of information are displayed in the output of the show ip interface brief command? (Choose two.) IP addresses MAC addresses Layer 1 statuses next-hop addresses interface descriptions speed and duplex settings

IP addresses* Layer 1 statuses* The command show ip interface brief shows the IP address of each interface, as well as the operational status of the interfaces at both Layer 1 and Layer 2. In order to see interface descriptions and speed and duplex settings, use the command show running-config interface. Next-hop addresses are displayed in the routing table with the command show ip route, and the MAC address of an interface can be seen with the command show interfaces.

What is a characteristic of an IPv4 loopback interface on a Cisco IOS router?​ The no shutdown command is required to place this interface in an UP state It is a logical interface internal to the router Only one loopback interface can be enabled on a router It is assigned to a physical port and can be connected to other devices

It is a logical interface internal to the router The loopback interface is a logical interface internal to the router and is automatically placed in an UP state, as long as the router is functioning. It is not assigned to a physical port and can therefore never be connected to any other device. Multiple loopback interfaces can be enabled on a router.

Consider the following routing table entry for R1: D 10.1.1.0/24 [90/2170112] via 209.165.200.226, 00:00:05, Serial0/0/0 What is the significance of the Serial0/0/0? It is the interface on R1 used to send data that is destined for 10.1.1.0/24 It is the R1 interface through which the EIGRP update was learned. It is the interface on the final destination router that is directly connected to the 10.1.1.0/24 network. It is the interface on the next-hop router when the destination IP address is on the 10.1.1.0/24 network.

It is the interface on R1 used to send data that is destined for 10.1.1.0/24 The Serial0/0/0 indicates the outgoing interface on R1 that is used to send packets for the 10.1.1.0/24 destination network.

A network administrator enters the command copy running-config startup-config. Which type of memory will the startup configuration be placed into?flash RAM NVRAM ROM

NVRAM A router contains four types of memory: RAM - volatile memory used to store the running IOS, running configuration file, routing table, ARP table, as well as serve as a packet buffer ROM - nonvolatile memory used to hold a limited version of the IOS, bootup instructions, and basic diagnostic software NVRAM - nonvolatile memory used to hold the startup configuration file Flash - nonvolatile memory used to hold the IOS and other system files

Fill in the blank. When a router receives a packet, it examines the destination address of the packet and looks in the ———- table to determine the best path to use to forward the packet.

Routing

What are two common types of static routes in routing tables? (Choose two) a default static route a built-in static route by IOS a static route to a specific network a static route shared between two neighboring routers a static route converted from a route that is learned through a dynamic routing protocol

a default static route* a static route to a specific network* There are two common types of static routes in a routing table, namely, a static route to a specific network and a default static route. A static route configured on a router can be distributed by the router to other neighboring routers. However, the distributed static route will be a little different in the routing table on neighboring routers.

What route would have the lowest administrative distance? a directly connected network a static route a route received through the EIGRP routing protocol a route received through the OSPF routing protocol

a directly connected network* The most believable route or the route with the lowest administrative distance is one that is directly connected to a router.

Which two parameters are used by EIGRP as metrics to select the best path to reach a network? (Choose two.)​ hop count bandwidth jitter resiliency delay confidentiality

bandwidth* delay* EIGRP uses bandwidth, delay, load, and reliability as metrics for selecting the best path to reach a network.​

When a router receives a packet, what information must be examined in order for the packet to be forwarded to a remote destination? destination MAC address destination IP address source IP address source MAC address

destination IP address Explain:When a router receives a packet, it examines the destination address of the packet and uses the routing table to search for the best path to that network.

Which two items are used by a host device when performing an ANDing operation to determine if a destination address is on the same local network? (Choose two.) destination IP address destination MAC address source MAC address subnet mask network number

destination IP address* subnet mask* The result of ANDing any IP address with a subnet mask is a network number. If the source network number is the same as the destination network number, the data stays on the local network. If the destination network number is different, the packet is sent to the default gateway (the router that will send the packet onward toward the destination network).

The exhibit consists of a network diagram that shows R1 with three network connections: two Ethernet segments and a WAN link. The WAN link connects R1 to a second router R2. R2 is the DCE on the WAN link. The configuration shown is as follows: R1(config)# interface serial 0/0/0 R1(config-if)# description Link to R2 R1(config-if)# ip address 209.165.200.225 255.255.255.252 R1(config-if)# exit R1(config)# Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator has configured R1 as shown. When the administrator checks the status of the serial interface, the interface is shown as being administratively down. What additional command must be entered on the serial interface of R1 to bring the interface up? IPv6 enable clockrate 128000 end no shutdown

no shutdown By default all router interfaces are shut down. To bring the interfaces up, an administrator must issue the no shutdown command in interface mode.

Which two statements correctly describe the concepts of administrative distance and metric? (Choose two.) Administrative distance refers to the trustworthiness of a particular route A router first installs routes with higher administrative distances The value of the administrative distance cannot be altered by the network administrator Routes with the smallest metric to a destination indicate the best path The metric is always determined based on hop count The metric varies depending on which Layer 3 protocol is being routed

Administrative distance refers to the trustworthiness of a particular route* Routes with the smallest metric to a destination indicate the best path* A metric is calculated by a routing protocol and is used to determine the best path (smallest metric value) to a remote network. Administrative distance (AD) is used when a router has two or more routes to a remote destination that were learned from different sources. The source with the lowest AD is installed in the routing table.

Which packet-forwarding method does a router use to make switching decisions when it is using a forwarding information base and an adjacency table? fast switching Cisco Express Forwarding process switching flow process

Cisco Express Forwarding* Cisco Express Forwarding (CEF) is the fastest and preferred switching method. It uses a FIB and an adjacency table to perform the task of packet switching. These data structures change with the topology.

The exhibit contains CLI output that says: R1# show ipv6 routeC 2001:DB8:ACAD:2::/64 [0/0] via ::, FastEthernet0/0 L 2001:DB8:ACAD:2::54/128 [0/0] via ::, FastEthernet0/0 C 2001:DB8:ACAD:A::/64 [0/0] via ::, FastEthernet0/1 L 2001:DB8:ACAD:A::12/128 [0/0] via ::, FastEthernet0/1 L FF00::/8 [0/0] via ::, Null0 R1# Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator issues the show ipv6 route command on R1. What two conclusions can be drawn from the routing table? (Choose two.) R1 does not know a route to any remote networks The network FF00::/8 is installed through a static route command The interface Fa0/1 is configured with IPv6 address 2001:DB8:ACAD:A::12 Packets that are destined for the network 2001:DB8:ACAD:2::/64 will be forwarded through Fa0/1 Packets that are destined for the network 2001:DB8:ACAD:2::54/128 will be forwarded through Fa0/0

R1 does not know a route to any remote networks* The interface Fa0/1 is configured with IPv6 address 2001:DB8:ACAD:A::12* From the routing table, R1 knows two directly connected networks and the multicast network (FF00::/8). It does not know any routes to remote networks. The entry 2001:DB8:ACAD:A::12/128 is the local host interface route.

The exhibit shows the following router output: The gateway of last resort is 209.165.200.226 to network 0.0.0.0 S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 209.165.200.226 192.168.10.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks C 192.168.10.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0 L 192.168.10.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0 192.168.11.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks C 192.168.11.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1 L 192.168.11.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1 209.165.200.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks C 209.165.200.224/30 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0 L 209.165.200.225/32 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0 Refer to the exhibit. What will the router do with a packet that has a destination IP address of 192.168.12.227? Drop the packet Send the packet out the Serial0/0/0 interface Send the packet out the GigabitEthernet0/0 interface Send the packet out the GigabitEthernet0/1 interface

Send the packet out the Serial0/0/0 interface After a router determines the destination network by ANDing the destination IP address with the subnet mask, the router examines the routing table for the resulting destination network number. When a match is found, the packet is sent to the interface associated with the network number. When no routing table entry is found for the particular network, the default gateway or gateway of last resort (if configured or known) is used. If there is no gateway of last resort, the packet is dropped. In this instance, the 192.168.12.224 network is not found in the routing table and the router uses the gateway of last resort. The gateway of last resort is the IP address of 209.165.200.226. The router knows this is an IP address that is associated with the 209.165.200.224 network. The router then proceeds to transmit the packet out the Serial0/0/0 interface, or the interface that is associated with 209.165.200.224.

A network administrator configures the interface fa0/0 on the router R1 with the command ip address 172.16.1.254 255.255.255.0. However, when the administrator issues the command show ip route, the routing table does not show the directly connected network. What is the possible cause of the problem? The interface fa0/0 has not been activated The configuration needs to be saved first. No packets with a destination network of 172.16.1.0 have been sent to R1. The subnet mask is incorrect for the IPv4 address.

The interface fa0/0 has not been activated* A directly connected network will be added to the routing table when these three conditions are met: (1) the interface is configured with a valid IP address; (2) it is activated with no shutdown command; and (3) it receives a carrier signal from another device that is connected to the interface. An incorrect subnet mask for an IPv4 address will not prevent its appearance in the routing table, although the error may prevent successful communications.

Which software is used for a network administrator to make the initial router configuration securely? SSH client software Telnet client software HTTPS client software terminal emulation client software

terminal emulation client software* Connecting to the router console port is required for making the initial router configuration. A console cable and terminal emulation software are needed to connect to the console port. SSH, Telnet, and HTTPS could be used to configure a router if the router has been configured with IP addresses and its interface can be reached through the network.

What is the effect of configuring the ipv6 unicast-routing command on a router? to assign the router to the all-nodes multicast group to enable the router as an IPv6 router to permit only unicast packets on the router to prevent the router from joining the all-routers multicast group

to enable the router as an IPv6 router* When the ipv6 unicast-routing command is implemented on a router, it enables the router as an IPv6 router. Use of this command also assigns the router to the all-routers multicast group.

A network administrator configures a router by the command ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 209.165.200.226. What is the purpose of this command? to forward all packets to the device with IP address 209.165.200.226 to add a dynamic route for the destination network 0.0.0.0 to the routing table to forward packets destined for the network 0.0.0.0 to the device with IP address 209.165.200.226 to provide a route to forward packets for which there is no route in the routing table*

to provide a route to forward packets for which there is no route in the routing table* The command ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 adds a default route to the routing table of a router. When the router receives a packet and does not have a specific route toward the destination, it forwards the packet to the next hop indicated in the default route. A route created with the ip route command is a static route, not a dynamic route.