Ch. 1 - Physical Fitness and Wellness

Ecosystem

a community of organisms interacting with each other in an environment

Metabolic fitness

a component of physiological fitness that denotes reduction in the risk for diabetes and cardiovascular disease through a moderate-intensity exercise program in spite of little or no improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness

Morphological fitness

a component of physiological fitness used in reference to body composition factors such as percent body fat, body fat distribution, and body circumference

Bone integrity

a component of physiological fitness used to determine risk of osteoporosis based on bone mineral density

Morbidity

a condition related to or caused by illness or disease

Physical fitness standards

a fitness level that allows a person to sustain moderate-to-vigorous physical activity without undue fatigue and the ability to closely maintain this level throughout life

Metabolic profile

a measurement of plasma insulin, glucose, lipid, and lipoprotein levels to asses risk for diabetes and cardiovascular disease

Mental wellness

a state in which your mind is engaged in lively interaction with the world around you

Health

a state of complete well-being; not just the absence of disease or infirmity

Physiological fitness

a term used primarily in the field of medicine to mean biologic systems affected by physical activity and the role of activity in preventing disease

Exercise

a type of physical activity that requires planned, structured, and repetitive bodily movement with the intent of improving or maintaining one or more components of physical fitness

Moderate physical activity

activity that uses 150 calories of energy per day, or 1,000 calories per week

Pedometer

an electronic device that senses body motion and counts footsteps - healthy minimum 10,000/day

Vigorous activity

any exercise that requires a metabolic equivalent (MET) level equal to or greater than 6 METs (one MET is the energy expenditure at rest - 3.5mL/kg/min

Phyisical activity

bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles; requires expenditure of energy and produces progressive health benefits

Sedentary Death Syndrome (SeDS)

cause of death attributed to a lack of regular physical activity

Sedentary

description of a person who is relatively inactive and whose lifestyle is characterized by a lot of sitting

Skill-related fitness

fitness components important for success in skillful activities and athletic events; encompasses agility, balance, coordination, power, reaction time, and speed

Health-related fitness

fitness programs that are prescribed to improve the individuals overall health

Physical wellness

good physical fitness and confidence in your personal ability to take care of health problems

Chronic diseases

illnesses that develop as a result of an unhealthy lifestyle and last a long time

Risk factors

lifestyle and genetic variables that may lead to disease: high blood pressure, smoking, excessive stress, excessive alcohol consumption, too much saturated fat, etc.

MET

metabolic equivalent; 3.5mL/kg/min

Life expectancy

number of years a person is expected to live based on the person's birth year

Healthy Life Expectancy (HLE)

number of years a person is expected to live in good health; this number is obtained by subtracting ill-health years from the overall life expectancy

Prayer

sincere and humble communication with a higher power

Cardiorespiratory endurance

the ability of the lungs, heart, and blood vessels to deliver adequate amounts of oxygen to the cells to meet the demands of prolonged physical activity

Physical fitness

the ability to meet the ordinary as well as unusual demands of daily life safely and effectively without being overly fatigued and still have energy left for leisure and recreational activities

Occupational wellness

the ability to perform your job skillfully and effectively under conditions that provide personal and team satisfaction and adequately reward each individual

Social wellness

the ability to relate to others, both within and outside the family unit

Emotional wellness

the ability to understand your own feelings, accept your limitations, and achieve emotional stability

Environmental wellness

the capability to live in a clean and safe environment that is not detrimental to health

Wellness

the constant and deliberate effort to stay healthy and achieve the highest potential for well-being; physical, emotional, mental, social, environmental, occupational, and spiritual

Health fitness standards

the lowest fitness requirements for maintaining good health, decreasing the risk of chronic diseases, and lowering the incidence of muscular-skeletal injuries

Health promotion

the science and art of enabling people to increase control over their lifestyles to move toward a state of wellness

Spiritual wellness

the sense that life is meaningful and has purpose and that some power brings all humanity together; the ethics, values, and morals that guide you and give meaning and direction to life

Altruism

unselfish concern for the welfare of others

Hypokinetic diseases

"hypo" denotes "lack of"; therefore, illness related to lack of physical activity