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Job rotation
A job enrichment strategy that involves moving employees from one job to another
Compensation
A managed and competitive compensation program helps: Attract the kinds of employees the business needs Build employee incentive to work efficiently and productively Keep valued employees from going to competitors or starting their own firm Maintain a competitive market position by keeping costs low due to high productivity from a satisfied workforce Provide employee financial security through wages and fringe benefits
job description
responsibilities and duties of the job, objectives of the job, and the jobs relations to other function
the process of gathering information and deciding who should be hired
selection
The two most common methods for teams involve:
skill based gainsharing
performance appraisal
the human resource management function that provides information for decisions about training promotion and compensation
recruitment
the set of activities for obtaining the right number of qualified people at the right time to fill the needs of the organization
Most flextime plans require core time —
The period when all employees are expected to be at their job stations.
Human resource management (HRM) —
The process of determining human resource needs and then recruiting, selecting, developing, motivating, evaluating,compensating, and scheduling employees to achieve organizational goals.
Networking
The process of establishing and maintaining contacts with key managers in one's own organization and other organizations and using those contacts to weave strong relationships that serve as informal development systems.
Selection
The process of gathering information and deciding who should be hired, under legal guidelines, for the best interests of the individual and the organization.
Employment at will
This meant managers had as much of freedom to fire workers as the workers leave voluntarily Now a days employees are protected and cannot be fired for exposing illegal issues
Promotions:
This often improves employee morale. Very cost effective that the promoted employee is familiar with the company and the procedures Reassignment is the way it helps employees become experience
Civil Rights Act of 1964 does not include
age
advantage of contingent workers
cost less they receive fewer benefits than permanent workers
the need to hire train supervise motivate two people is what
disadvantage of jon training
contingent workers
employees that include part-time workers, temporary workers, seasonal workers, independent contractors, interns, and co-op students Seasonal businesses, such as haunted houses, depend on hiring contingent workers to help them through the limited times they are operational.
employees working 1-34 hours are considered part time or
contingent workers
Firing employees is more difficult for employers because of what
laws preventing termination for certain acts.
reluctant to hire people in uncertain economic time is partially high cost in terminating employees caused by
risk of lawsuits for wrongful determinations the loss of investment training for the employees
true or false human resource professionals are responsible for assuring the company acts within the law
true
HRM's role has grown because of:
Increased recognition of employees as a resource Changes in law that rewrote old workplace practices
Job sharing:
An arrangement whereby two part-time employees share one full-time job.
Performance appraisal
An evaluation that measures employee performance against established standards in order to make decisions about promotions, compensation, training, or termination. Establishing performance standards that are understandable,measurable, and reasonable. Clearly communicating those standards. Evaluating performance against the standards. Discussing the results with employees. Taking corrective action. Using the results to make decisions.
Mentor
An experienced employee who supervises, coaches, and guides lower-level employees by introducing them to the right people and generally being their organizational sponsor.
Terminating Employees
As the economic crisis grew, more and more employers have had to lay off employees.
Three Steps of Training and Development
Assessing organization needs and employee skills to determine training needs Designing training activities to meet identified needs Evaluating the training's effectiveness
Fringe benefits
Benefits such as sick-leave pay, vacation pay, pension plans, and health plans that represent additional compensation to employees beyond base wages.
Family Medical Leave Act
Business with 50 or more employees must provide up to 12 weeks of unpaid leave per year upon birth or adoption of an employees child or upon serious illness of a parent, spouse, or children
fringe benefits examples
Company cars Country club memberships Discounted massages Special home-mortgage rates Paid and unpaid sabbaticals Day care and elder care services Executive dining rooms Dental, eye, and mental health care Student loan debt payment
Reverse Discriminations
Discrimination against whites or males in hiring or promotion. This policy has been at the center of many debates and lawsuits.
Performance standards: in performance appraisal
Establishing performance standards Communicating those standards: Performance appraisal: 360 degree feedback
Effects of Legislation
Employers must know the law and act accordingly. Legislation affects all areas of HRM. Court cases highlight that sometimes it's proper to go beyond providing equal rights. Changes in law and legislation occur regularly.
Affirmative Action:
Employment activities designed to "right past wrongs" by increasing opportunities for minorities and women.
Cafeteria-style fringe benefits
Fringe benefit plan that allows employees to choose the benefits they want up to a certain dollar amount.
On-the-job-training
Lets the employees learn by doing or watching others for a while then imitating them right at the workplace For example, salespeople often train by watching experiences salespeople perform
selection steps
Obtaining complete application forms Conducting initial and follow-up interviews Giving employment tests Conducting background investigations Obtaining results from physical exams Establishing trial (probationary) periods
OFF-the-job-training
Occurs away from the workplace and consist of internal or external programs to develop any of a variety of skills or to foster personal development. Training is supposed to expand education
Soft benefits include:
On-site haircuts and shoe repair Concierge services Free meals at work Free car washes Paid parental leave
OSHA- occupational safety and health act of 1970
Regulates safety and health conditions in most private industries and some public-sector organizations
Immigration Reform & Control Act
Required employers to verify employment eligibility of all new hires including U.S. citizens
Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA)
Requires employers to give applicants with physical or mental disabilities the same consideration for employment as people without disabilities. 2011 saw regulations that widen the range of disabilities covered by the ADA and shift the burden of proof of disability from employees to employers.
most gain sharing system bases base what on improvement
bonuses
Establishing performance standards
is crucial. Standard must be understandable, subject to measurement, and reasonable. All must accept
job description
is summary of type of job, the work to be done, responsibilities or duties, work conditions, relationships of jobs to the function
the study of what employees do in a particular job
job analysis
job analysis two important statements
job description job analysis
type of job that astronauts use
job simulation
where flat organizations often reassign a new employee at the same level
lateral transfer
what is used to investigate imployees
work records
Human Resource Planning Process
1. Preparing a human resource inventory of employees 2. Preparing a job analysis 3. Assessing future human resource demand 4. Assessing future labor supply 5. Establishing a strategic plan
Job analysis
A study of what is done by employees who hold various job titles.
job description
A summary of the objectives of a job, the type of work to be done, the responsibilities and duties, the working conditions, and the relationship of the job to other functions.
Professional development
A tool used to accomplish business objectives The process of training and educating employees to become good managers and then monitoring the progress of their skills
Job specifications
A written summary of the minimum qualifications required of workers to do a particular job.
Commission (EEOC).
It gave EEOC the right to issue workplace guidelines for acceptable employer conduct. EEOC could mandate specific record keeping procedures. EEOC was vested with the power of enforcement. Created by the civil rights amendment
Management training includes:
On-the-job coaching Understudy positions Job rotation Off-the-job courses and training Life long learners
Most Commonly Used Training and Development Activities
Orientation On-the-job training Apprenticeships Off-the-job training Online training Vestibule training Job simulation INTERNSHIPS
Gain-sharing
Pay is increased as performance increases compared to previous performance. (Nucor Steel uses this system.)
Skill-based:
Pay is increased as team members learn and apply new skills. (Eastman Chemical uses this system.)
Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA)
Protects workers age 40 and over from employment and workplace discrimination in hiring, firing, promotion, layoff, compensation, benefits, job assignments, and training.
1972 Equal Employment Opportunity Act (EEOA)
The EEOA strengthened the Equal Employment Opportunity commission Authorized the eeoc to authorize the guidelines for human resource management Commission (EEOC).
Management development —
The process of training and educating employees to become good managers and then monitoring the progress of their managerial skills over time.
Recruitment
The set of activities used to obtain a sufficient number of the right people at the right time. Human resource managers use both internal and external sources to recruit employees. Small businesses often make use of web sources like GlassDoor, Indeed, and LinkedIn to recruit employees.
Communicating those standards
These standards must be communicated. Employees do not automatically know what is expected of them
Civil Rights Act
Title VII prohibits discrimination in hiring, firing, compensation, apprenticeships, training, terms, conditions, or privileges of employment based on: sex race color religion ot origin
Apprenticeship program
Training program involving a period during which a learner works alongside an experienced employee to master the skills and procedures of a craft
Compressed workweek
Work schedule that allows employees to work a full number of hours per week but in fewer days. Example: 4, 10 hour days.
Flextime plan
Work schedule that gives employees some freedom to choose when to work, as long as they work the required number of hours. Core hours are typical
Journeyman
Workers who successfully complete an apprenticeship program Baby boomers are an example of this with like carpenters
360 degree feedback:
gives managers opinions from people at different levels to get a more accurate idea of the worker's abilities
another employee that introduces lower level employees to the right people and acts as a sponsor
mentor
Even when the economy is booming, employers are hesitant to hire full-time workers because
of the cost of termination.
Development focuses
on long-term abilities.
Training focuses
on short-term skills.
lets employees learn by watching others
on-job-training
what would be illegal if it appeared on an apllication
religion
