ch 11
True or false: Firms that are supporting an unrelated-diversification strategy through the use of the M-form structure should decentralize decision making
true
Which of the following is true of an M-form?
Each division operates independently.
Which of the following statements about open innovation is true?
The sharing of ideas and inventions from within the firm and from outside sources can go both ways.
Which two of the following accurately describe mechanistic organizations?
They have a tall hierarchy. They are highly specialized.
True or false: Firms that are supporting an unrelated-diversification strategy through the use of the M-form structure should decentralize decision making.
True
True or false: Firms that pursue either related or unrelated diversification generally employ a multidivisional structure.
True
Which of the following determines the allocation of resources and the organization and operations of workers?
a firm's organizational structure
Which two of the following accurately describe organic organizations?
a low degree of specialization a flat organizational structure
Which of the following structures is a combination of the multidivisional structure and the functional structure?
a matrix structure
How do founders leave their imprint on their organizations?
by taking their vision and making it into reality
True or false: Organizational culture should never change.
false
When a firm covers a limited geographic area and is narrowly focused in terms of product/service offerings, a ______ structure is recommended.
functional
A firm that is organized according to SBUs but also is decentralized in that different geographic locations are fully functional is likely organized in the ______ structure.
matrix
Disadvantages of the ______ structure include organizational complexity, increased administrative costs, slow decision making, and difficulty in implementation.
matrix
The structure, processes, and procedures of an organization are designed, put into place, reviewed, and reworked through a process known as ______
organizational design
Which of the following types of control defines expected results in order to guide employee behavior?
output controls
One of the disadvantages of a matrix structure is that ______.
reporting structures are often unclear
Leslie, Juan, and Felicia all work for the same company. Leslie pays the bills and invoices customers, Juan makes sure the company's computers and phones work, and Felicia interacts with customers and sellers of the firm's products. This is an example of ______.
specialization
The functional areas present in a functional structure frequently correspond to which of the following?
stages in the value chain
A firm's unwillingness to alter how things are currently done is known as ______.
inertia
Which of the following use codified policies and procedures to define and direct employee behavior?
input controls
Big companies, such as Apple and Comcast, tend to have ______.
a higher degree of specialization than smaller companies
Which of the following is the most important yet least visible element of organizational culture?
values
How does an organization's culture influence employee behavior?
Employees are motivated by positive culture because it appeals to their higher ideals.
Taki works for a start-up company that is highly centralized and its employees are not allowed to wear headphones while working. However, the company offers a flexible work schedule, free childcare, and free yoga classes. These rules and perks describe the company's ______.
organizational culture
Match the global strategy
International- Functional Multidomestic-Multidivesional wiht divisions according to geographic areas; decentralized decisions Global Standardization- multidivisional with divisions according to products; centralized decesion making Transnational- global matrix; balance of centralized and decentralized decesion making, two layers of hierachy (geographic and product)
Which of the following statements about formalization is true?
It is often necessary to achieve consistent and predictable results.
Which of the following statements about blue ocean strategy is true?
It requires reconciling the trade-offs between differentiation and low cost.
Which of the following statements are true of the network organizational structure?
It should be supported by uniform, company-wide policies and procedures. It enables firms to access communities of practice.
What are two internal governance mechanisms put in place to align principal and agent incentives?
strategic control reward systems
Which of the following statements is true regarding the relationship between strategy formulation and strategy implementation?
Strategy implementation is at least as important as strategy formulation for success.
Which type of organization has a flat organizational structure and employs decentralized decision making?
an organic organization
Teju, like his colleagues, wears jeans and t-shirts to work, and he has a standing desk in an open floor plan. When he and his team reach a project milestone, they celebrate by going to a local karaoke bar. These are all examples of the firm's ______.
artifacts
Steve Jobs defined and shaped Apple's culture, and his influence continued even after he left the company. This is known as ______.
founder imprinting
Companies pursuing business-level strategies like cost leadership, differentiation, and integration should organize using a _____ structure.
functional
Firms that follow a single-business or dominant-business strategy at the corporate level generally employ a ______ structure.
functional
Thanh works in the engineering and manufacturing division of his company. Other departments include marketing, accounting, human resources, and research and development. Each department reports to the CEO. Thanh's company is organized according to a(n) ______ structure.
functional
Which of the following are frequently associated with organic organizations?
greater employee creativity fast decision making high levels of employee satisfaction
Which of the following defines who reports to whom?
hierarchy
A top-down strategic plan generally takes place in which type of organization?
highly centralized
Samira works for a company with a strict top-down structure. Her daily tasks must conform carefully to written guidelines and rules, and she has very specific job responsibilities. Samira works for a(n) ______.
mechanistic organization
The type of structure that is used by experienced firms and consists of distinct, essentially independent strategic business units is the ______ structure.
multidivisional
Mechanistic organizations tend to have ______.
codified operating procedures
The framework for R&D that involves permeable firm boundaries and allows for sharing of ideas and inventions is known as ______.
open innovation
A system that allows managers to specify goals, measure progress, and provide performance feedback by ensuring that the incentives of shareholders and employees are aligned is called a ______ system.
strategic control-and-reward
Which type of organization attempts to balance and harness different activities in trade-off situations?
ambidextrous organization
What must a firm that pursues a cost-leadership strategy do in order to nurture and constantly upgrade core competencies in manufacturing and logistics?
use a functional structure that has mechanistic organizational elements
Which of the following are the key elements of organizational culture?
values artifacts norms
When a company's culture is defined and shaped by the people who start it, it is known as founder ______.
imprinting
A characteristic of a matrix organizational structure is that it ______.
is difficult to implement
Which of the following enables a firm to connect its centers of excellence independent of where they are located in the world?
A network structure
What is important is defined by _______; which attitudes and behavior are deemed appropriate are defined by______
Blank 1: values Blank 2: norms
The extent to which the ability to make decisions rests with the people at the top of a firm is referred to as ______.
centralization
Which of the following tends to result in delayed response time and lower customer satisfaction?
centralized decision making
Effective strategy implementation, in general, will help a firm __.
gain and sustain competitive advantage
A firm using a(n) ______ strategy is likely to have a multidivisional structure with the multiple divisions representing different products and centralized decision making.
global standardization
A firm's organizational structure directly determines which of the following aspects of the firm?
the distribution of resources the orchestration of individual and team work efforts
Which of the following structures is divided into several distinct business units, each of which has its own profit-and-loss center?
the multi-divisional structure
What is the goal of a differentiation strategy?
to create a competitive advantage by offering products or services at a higher perceived value, while keeping costs under control
What is the goal of organizational design?
to enable managers to translate their chosen strategy into a realized one
Which of the following terms describes searching for new knowledge that may enhance a firm's future performance?
Exploration
When supporting a related-diversification strategy with the M-form organizational structure, managers typically ______.
concentrate decision making at the top of the organization
A firm would use input controls if it wanted to ______.
define and direct employee behavior through a set of explicit, codified rules and standard operating procedures
Which of the following are examples of artifacts of an organization's culture?
dress code formal vocabulary private offices
Which of the following terms describes applying current knowledge to enhance firm performance in the short term?
exploitation
Which of the following are characteristics of simple organizational structures?
flat hierarchies single leader makes all important decisions low formalization
The Foamy Mug, a chain of coffee shops, ensures consistent quality and service in each of its cafés by using policy and procedure manuals that explicitly describe employee tasks. The Foamy Mug is characterized by a high degree of ______.
formalization
The organizational structure element that deals with the degree to which employees are guided by specific, codified rules and processes is known as ______.
formalization
The structure, processes, and procedures of an organization are designed, put into place, reviewed, and reworked through a process known as ______.
organizational design
Graciela's used to be the industry leader in restaurant supplies, but over the years competition grew and the company's market share declined. Graciela's has launched several marketing campaigns and introduced new products and services. However not much else in the company has changed, and it still relies on the same team of managers. Graciela's is experiencing ______.
organizational inertia
When "______," managers limit themselves to strategies that maintain the status quo.
strategy follows structure
The portion of the strategic management process that concerns the organization, coordination, and integration of work processes is __.
strategy implementation
Which of the following has been called the "graveyard of strategy" due to managers' high rate of failure when attempting it?
strategy implementation
Which of the following are effects that a strong organizational culture can have on employee behavior?
stronger commitment, engagement, and effort behavior aligns more closely with the firm's strategic goals more effective cooperation
If there are several levels of management between the lowest employee and the CEO, the firm has a ______ structure.
tall
If a company fails to change its culture as the firm and environment change, the company's culture can turn into a core ______.
rigidity
Ravi works for a small company. The company owner makes all strategic decisions and manages the day-to-day operations. Ravi's company has a _____ structure.
simple
Which of the following is the most observable element of organizational culture?
artifacts
