Ch. 11 Chromosomes

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first ____ ____ of homologous chromosomes are called ____ or ____ chromosomes

22 pairs, autosomes, autosomal

the ___ ___ of chromosomes determines the sex of the individual and are called ____ ____

23rd pair, sex chromosomes

Humans have ___ chromosomes or ____ ____

46, 23 pairs

an average person has ____ - ____ unique mutations

50 - 200

sex chromosomes for a female are ____

XX

sex chromosomes for a male are ____

XY

body chromosomes or non sex chromosomes are _____

autosomes

chromosomes are only packed tightly when a ____ is ____

cell, reproducing

a chromosome is an entire ____ of ____ with stabalizing proteins

chain, DNA

mutations are ____ that happen to ____

changes, DNA

when a cell divides sister _____ separate and 1 goes to each new cell

chromatids

double, coiled short DNA in a dividing cell is called ______ consisting of two parts called ______ + ______

chromosome, chromatid, centromere

two sets of chromosomes is a _____which are found in ____ - ____ cells or ____

diploid, non sex, autosomes

Dna changes from chromatin to chromosome for a more _____ division

efficent

one member of each pair of chromosomes comes from ____ and one from ____

father, mother

a zygote always has a full or _____ number of chromosomes usually a ____ egg cell (____ + ____)

fertilized, sperm + egg

_____ is the ____ ____ or the sperm or egg

gamete, sex cells

a human genome is an entire collection of ____ that make us who ____ ____

genes, we are

_____ (__) contains ____ ____ of chromosomes

haploid, n, 23 pairs

stabilizing proteins in a chromosome are called ____

histones

____ chromosomes contain the _____ ____ of genetic info, one coming from ____ parent, one from ____ parent

homologous, same type, male, female

when chromosomes are arranged in homologous pairs they are arranged in a _____

karyotype

Dna is located in ______ and controls all cell _____ including cell division

nucleus, activities

information obtained from a karyotype is: ____ of chromosomes, ____ chromosome content, ____ or ____ of invidual chromosomes, nature and extent of large structural ____

number, sex, presence, absence, abnormalities

XX or XY that determines the sex of the offspring is the _____ _____

sex chromosomes

2 identical _____ ____ attatched at an area in the middle called a _____

sister chromatids, centromere

each human body cell ( ____ ____ ) contains ____ chromosomes or ____ pairs of chromosomes

somatic cell, 46, 23

all ____ (_____) cells in an organism have the same kind and number of chromosomes

somatic, body

every organism has a _____ number of chromosomes

specific

long and _____ - _____ DNA in a _____ - _____ cell is called _____

thread like, non dividing, chromatin

mating of gametes forms a ____

zygote


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