CH. 12(1)

telo-

end

Which of the following events characterizes the beginning of anaphase?

enzymatic cleavage of cohesin

A human bone marrow cell, in prophase of mitosis, contains 46 chromosomes. How many chromatids does it contain? See Concept 12.1 (Page)

92

Centromeres divide and sister chromatids become full-fledged chromosomes during _____.

Anaphase

Cytochalasin B is a chemical that disrupts microfilament formation. With which aspect of cell division would cytochalasin B interfere?

Cleavage

Eukaryotic chromatin is composed of which of the following macromolecules?

DNA and proteins

Which of these phases encompasses all of the stages of mitosis but no other events?

E. This is mitosis

Which of the following correctly matches a phase of the cell cycle with its description?

G1, follows cell division

Nucleoli are present during _____

Interphase

Which of the following statements best describes microtubules?

Microtubules are made up of subunits of tubulin, and are structures along which substances are transported in the cell.

What is the best description of the structure of a chromosome in the nucleus of a non-dividing cell?

One long DNA molecule, associated with many proteins.

Which of the following statements best describes how cytokinesis differs between plant and animal cells?

Plant cells deposit vesicles containing cell wall building blocks on the metaphase plate; animal cells form a cleavage furrow.

Spindle fibers attach to kinetochores during _____.

Prometaphase

Cytokinesis often, but not always, accompanies _____

Telophase

Which of the following statements describing kinetochores is correct?

They are sites at which microtubules attach to chromosomes.

Which of the following statements best describes a cleavage furrow?

a groove in the plasma membrane between daughter nuclei

Through a microscope, you can see a cell plate beginning to develop across the middle of a cell and nuclei forming on either side of the cell plate. This cell is most likely ________.

a plant cell in the process of cytokinesis

Which of the following statements describes a characteristic feature of metaphase?

alignment of chromosomes on the equator of the cell

pro-

before

Inter-

between

-some(or soma-)

body

Diplo-

both, double

-cyte(or cyto-)

cell

What is the name of the microtubule-organizing center found in animal cells as an identifiable structure present during all phases of the cell cycle?

centrosome

Ploid

chromosome

chrom-

color

During _____ the cell grows and replicates both its organelles and its chromosomes.

interphase

Why is it difficult to observe individual chromosomes with a light microscope during interphase?

interphase chromosomes are long, thin strands unlike the condensed chromosomes visible in mitosis

In some organisms, such as certain fungi and algae, cells undergo the cell cycle repeatedly without subsequently undergoing cytokinesis. What would result from this?

large cells containing many nuclei

Which of the following cellular events occur in the G1 phase of the cell division cycle?

normal growth and cell function

Uni-

one

Chromosomes become visible during _____.

prophase

homo- or homeo-

same

-mere

segment, body section

Auto-

self

Movement of the chromosomes during anaphase would be most directly affected by a drug that prevents which of the following events?

shortening of microtubules

Haplo-

single

Micro-

small

During _____ both the contents of the nucleus and the cytoplasm are divided.

the mitotic phase

mito-

thread

-gen-

to produce

a-(or an-)

without, lack of, not