Ch 13 LC's PSY 101

Elijah scored high on conscientiousness when given a personality inventory. As compared to people with lower conscientiousness scores, the _____ lobe in Elijah's brain is MOST likely to be _____.

frontal; larger

Between 1975 and 2006, entering college students in the United States have demonstrated _____ self-esteem and _____ optimism.

increased; increased

Aerial's history of romantic relationships influences her attitudes toward romantic relationships, which changes how she now responds to her current boyfriend. This is an example of:

reciprocal determinism.

Sarah's optimism is both a contributor to and a product of her successful career accomplishments. This BEST illustrates the concept of:

reciprocal determinism.

Reciprocal determinism is associated with the _____ perspective.

social-cognitive

Jennifer's 5-year-old niece loves to pretend she is a scientist. She also enjoys pretending she is a horse trainer. These pretend games allow children to:

try out many possible selves.

Kate comes home with three A's and two B's, to which her mother replies, "Is that the best you could do?" and walks away. Rogers refers to this attitude as the opposite of:

unconditional positive regard.

If the self-serving bias is evident in the way that an athlete explains her success or failure, she might:

blame her failure on bad officiating.

Scores on measures of extraversion are _____ correlated with measures of sales performance.

not

What is the correct order of Freud's psychosexual stages?

oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital

After the 9/11 terrorist attacks many Americans treated Muslims quite differently, even though they stated they were not prejudiced. These negative feelings were a part of their:

unconscious.

Although Alex is frequently caught stealing money and other valuables from friends as well as strangers, he does not feel guilty or remorseful about his actions. Alex MOST clearly demonstrates a:

weak superego.

Dr. Wayne states that the task of the personality psychologist is to describe the consistent and persistent patterns of behavior that distinguish one person from another. Dr. Wayne is MOST likely a _____ theorist of personality.

trait

Jim is taking a personality test based on Carl Jung's personality types. Jim is MOST likely taking the:

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator.

In a psychology class debate on the humanistic perspective, Riley needs to take the opposing view and rebut its positive aspects. Which criticism of the humanistic perspective would Riley cite?

The descriptions of self-actualizing people reflect Maslow's personal values

Social-cognitive theorists believe people learn many of their behaviors either through _____ or by observing and _____ others.

conditioning; imitating

Freud believed that this would retrieve painful unconscious memories, often from childhood, and then help them overcome their current troubles.

free association

Lin enjoys roller skating with her friends. Which choice exemplifies an internal personal factor associated with roller skating for Lin?

her own thoughts and feelings about roller skating

Vincent is a famous rock musician from the 1980s. Even though he has not had a popular hit in more than 25 years, he has his own reality television show and a line of cologne. His psychologist thinks he displays excessive self-love and self-absorption and believes Vincent displays a high level of:

narcissism.

Garner is imaginative, curious, and interested in new ideas. Brandy is a conventional, down-to-earth person, and has limited interests. It is likely that Garner scores high while Brandy scores low on the Big Five dimension of:

openness

The spotlight effect means that people:

overestimate the extent to which other people are noticing them.

Dr. Chen has a patient who has lost all feeling in his left hand. To determine the cause, Dr. Chen asks the patient to relax and say whatever comes to mind, no matter what it is. Dr. Chen is:

performing free association.

The old saying, "That is the pot calling the kettle black," is a good example of the defense mechanism _____.

projection

Although Greg has accumulated many tickets for a wide range of traffic infractions, he complains all the time to family and friends about other peoples' driving. Sigmund Freud would describe this as _____, while today researchers would describe this as _____.

projection; false consensus effect

Using such techniques as dream analysis and free association, Dr. Brown tries to reveal and understand a client's unconscious conflicts. Dr. Brown is BEST described as a _____ therapist.

psychoanalytic

Brenda's past experiences in college classes influence her attitude toward academic achievement, which then influence how she prepares for her current classes. This is an example of:

reciprocal determinism.

The process of fulfilling one's potential is called:

self-actualization.

When asked, "Who are you?" John answers that he is 4 years old, that he loves trucks and trains, and that his favorite color is blue. John is describing his:

self-concept

When Paul noticed that he had spilled coffee on his new shirt, he overestimated the likelihood that other people at the meeting would notice. Paul's reaction BEST illustrates the _____ effect.

spotlight