Ch 14: Adolescence: Behavioral Development

weight, height, muscles

3 transformation sequences of puberty:

12

Body fat peeks at about age

Menarche

girl's first menstral period

pituitary

gland in the brain that responds to a signal from the hypothalamus by producing many hormones (including those that regulate growth and control other glands, among them the adrenal and sex glands)

Secondary sex characteristics

parts of the body not directly involved in reproduction, but that indicate sexual maturity

Body Image

personal idea or view of how his/her body looks

Anorexia Nervosa

self-starvation; voluntary under-eating and/or excessive exercise

HPA axis

sequence of chain reactions of hormone production, originating in the hypothalamus and moving to the pituitary gland and then to the adrenal glands

HPG axis

sequence of hormones production that originates in the hypothalamus, move to the pituitary and then to the gonads

Estradiol

sex hormone, "chief estrogen"

Testosterone

sex hormone, best known of the androgens

precocious puberty

sexual development before age 8

Primary sex characteristics

parts of the body directly involved in reproduction

2/3

About _____ of variation in age of puberty is genetic.

above the kidneys

Adrenal glands are located

stress hormone, epinephrine and norepinephrine

Adrenal glands produce hormones like the _________ ____________, ______________ and __________________.

breasts and hair growth

An example of one female and one male secondary sex characteristic would be:

start puberty sooner

An increased proportion of body fat can

iron, calcium, zinc

Deficiencies include (3):

Binge-Eating Disorder

Diagnostic category of eating disorders according to the DSM-5

ovaries

Female gonads are the

estradiol

Females produce more of this sex hormone

age of puberty

Genes on the sex chromosomes have a marked effect on the

ahead

Girls develop __________ of boys.

100 pounds

Girls usually must be at least _____ ___ before they can start puberty.

hypothalamus, pituitary, adrenal

HPA stands for

hypothalamus, pituitary, gonads

HPG stands for

leptin

Hormone produced by fat cells that work in the brain to signal the body that it has a sufficient amount of fat stored.

3 to 5 years

How long does puberty last?

decreased reaction time

Increased myelination =

fat cells

Leptin is produced by

brain, has sufficient fat

Leptin works in the _______ to signal that the body _____ __________ ________ stored.

testes

Male gonads are the

testosterone

Males produce more of this sex hormone

inner brain to the cortex and from back to front

Myelination and maturation occur in sequences from the ________ ______ to the ________ and from ______ to ______.

lymphoid

Only the _________ system decreases in size during puberty.

hypothalamus to the pituitary gland

Puberty begins by a hormonal signal from the ______________ to the _______________.

8

Puberty can start as young as age

sexually transmitted infection

STI stand for

linear or long-term

Secular trend is also known as a _________ or _____-______ trend.

developed nations

Secular trends have stopped in the

cultural image, stress, puberty, hormones, childhood patterns

The 5 origins of eating disorders are:

vagina, uterus, ovaries, testes, penis

The 5 primary sex characteristics are:

fear and emotional impulses

The Limbic system is involved with both:

11 or 12

The age of puberty is

prefrontal cortex

The limbic system matures before the

adrenal glands and the ovaries and testes

The pituitary gland signals to the ________ glands and the ________ & __________ to produce more of their hormones.

planning and emotional regulation

The prefrontal cortex is involved with both:

secular trend

The steady decrease in the average age at which puberty begins in the U.S., since the 1900's.

logical

When emotions are intense the _______ part of the brain shuts down.

spermarche

boy's first ejaculation of sperm

Child sexual abuse

any erotic activity that arouses an adult and excites, shames, or confuses a child ; regardless of child's willingness to participate or if genital contact was or was not made.

Bulimia nervosa

binge eating and subsequent purging, usually by self-induced vomiting or the use of laxatives

hormones

organic chemicals that affect some physiological functions

enhanced moral development

synaptic growth =

Gonads

the paired sex organs (AKA)

puberty

time between the first rush of hormones to full adult development