Ch. 15-19 Quiz Study Guide (Us history 1865-present)

"Scalawags" were southern white Republicans. A. True B. False

Correct Answer: A. True

After emancipation, many freedwomen elected to withdraw from work in the fields and focus their energies at home. A. True B. False

Correct Answer: A. True

Among the important accomplishments of Reconstruction in state governments was the establishment of the South's first state-supported public schools. A. True B. False

Correct Answer: A. True

Between 1880 and 1940 there were more white sharecroppers than black sharecroppers. A. True B. False

Correct Answer: A. True

Black Americans continued to hold offices in the South in the 1890s. A. True B. False

Correct Answer: A. True

Black Codes denied black Americans the right to testify against whites, serve in juries or in state militias, or vote. A. True B. False

Correct Answer: A. True

Black Codes sometimes assigned black children to work for their former masters without parental consent. A. True B. False

Correct Answer: A. True

Charles Summer and Thaddeus Stevens argued that planters' land should be confiscated and redistributed among former slaves. A. True B. False

Correct Answer: A. True

During Radical Reconstruction, following ratification of the Fifteenth Amendment, the vast majority of eligible African Americans registered to vote. A. True B. False

Correct Answer: A. True

During Reconstruction some 2,000 African Americans held public office, among them fourteen in the United States House of Representatives and two U.S. senators. A. True B. False

Correct Answer: A. True

During Reconstruction, a number of state governments initiated civil rights legislation that made it illegal for railroads, hotels, and other institutions to discriminate on the basis of race. A. True B. False

Correct Answer: A. True

During the 1872 elections, the Liberal Republicans argued that Reconstruction was a failure. A. True B. False

Correct Answer: A. True

In 1866, the Civil Rights Bill became the first major law in American history to be passed over a presidential veto. A. True B. False

Correct Answer: A. True

In 1873, the country plunged into an economic depression and support among Republicans for further reforms in the South weakened. A. True B. False

Correct Answer: A. True

In the Slaughterhouse Cases (1873) the Supreme Court ruled that the Fourteenth Amendment had not altered traditional federalism. A. True B. False

Correct Answer: A. True

Opposition to Reconstruction resulted from the distaste many southerners had for tax increases that were needed to fund public schools and other improvements, and also because many white southerners could not accept black Americans voting, holding office, and enjoying equality before the law. A. True B. False

Correct Answer: A. True

Prior to ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment the rights guaranteed in the Bill of Rights applied to only laws made by the federal government, not to laws made by individual states. A. True B. False

Correct Answer: A. True

Robert Smalls, a black representative in the United States House of Representatives, was elected to five terms in Congress. A. True B. False

Correct Answer: A. True

Some 700 blacks sat in state legislatures during Reconstruction. A. True B. False

Correct Answer: A. True

The Bargain of 1877 marked the formal end to Reconstruction. A. True B. False

Correct Answer: A. True

The Civil Rights era of the 1950s and 1960s is sometimes called the Second Reconstruction. A. True B. False

Correct Answer: A. True

The KKK was founded in 1866 as a social club in Tennessee and served, in effect, as a military arm of the Democratic Party. A. True B. False

Correct Answer: A. True

The period of Radical Reconstruction began in March 1867 with Congress's adoption of the Reconstruction Act over the president's veto and ended in 1877. A. True B. False

Correct Answer: A. True

Sharecropping A. allowed a black family to rent part of a plantation, with the crop divided between worker and owner at the end of the year. B. meant that black families shared their crops with each other, especially in times of hardship or drought C. was a method of harvesting crops such that soil was left intact for next year's planning. D. was a government-led economic initiative that sought to have people share the wealth in rural towns and in the countryside.

Correct Answer: A. allowed a black family to rent part of a plantation, with the crop divided between worker and owner at the end of the year.

"The destruction of slavery led feminists in search for ways to make the promise of free labor real for women." Define "feminists" in this context. A. persons who held a view advocating social, political, and other rights for women equal to those of men B. women who sought to destroy the nation's integrity by insisting that girls and young women receive separate educations C. women who wanted to volunteer their labor and time for causes they thought real D. men and women who wanted the promise of free labor extended to the destruction of slavery

Correct Answer: A. persons who held a view advocating social, political, and other rights for women equal to those of men

The Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution A. prohibited federal and state governments from denying any citizen the vote because of race. B. guaranteed free slaves citizenship. C. ended slavery and indentured servitude. D. made the income tax constitutional.

Correct Answer: A. prohibited federal and state governments from denying any citizen the vote because of race.

Which of the following was not a central thrust of the Reconstruction amendments to the Constitution? A. redistribution of the former slave owners' land among the freed slaves B. equal citizenship for blacks and whites C. the right to vote, regardless of race D. empowerment of the federal government to protect citizens' right

Correct Answer: A. redistribution of the former slave owners' land among the freed slaves

Radical Republicans in the Reconstruction Era shared the view that A. the Union victory created a golden opportunity to institutionalize the principal of equal rights for all, regardless of race. B. the government should minimize its involvement in the economy and allow laissez faire to flourish. C. sought the repatriation of expatriate fugitives. D. allied themselves with the president in an effort to bright about "freedom and justice for all."

Correct Answer: A. the Union victory created a golden opportunity to institutionalize the principal of equal rights for all, regardless of race.

In which of the following nations was the institution of slavery replaced by indentured servitude? A. Haiti B. British Guiana C. West Indies D. England

Correct Answer: B. British Guiana

"Redeemers" saved the South from the corrupt ways of Reconstruction politics and redeemed the South for fair and equal treatment for all Americans. A. True B. False

Correct Answer: B. False

In consequence of the Reconstruction governments across the South, the region became a vibrant and successful hub of dynamic and expansive economic growth, allowing many African Americans to escape from poverty. A. True B. False

Correct Answer: B. False

Presidential Reconstruction (1865-1867) was a success. A. True B. False

Correct Answer: B. False

Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton, leading figures in the women's rights movement, were strong supporters of the Fifteenth Amendment. A. True B. False

Correct Answer: B. False

The Black Codes were laws passed by southern Republicans to promote black rights. A. True B. False

Correct Answer: B. False

The Fifteenth Amendment granted the vote to white women but not black women. A. True B. False

Correct Answer: B. False

The Ku Klux Klan sought to uphold the American ideal of equality and justice for all. A. True B. False

Correct Answer: B. False

Under Radical Reconstruction, blacks held most of the South's top elected positions. A. True B. False

Correct Answer: B. False

While corruption was almost non-existent in the North, it was rampant in the South. A. True B. False

Correct Answer: B. False

Which of the following can be associated with the death of the Knights of Labor? A. Great Railroad Strike B. Haymarket Square C. International Ladies' Garment Workers Union Strike D. Carnegie Steel Strike

Correct Answer: B. Haymarket Square

Which of the following was not a major cause of the decline of Reconstruction? A. the use of fraud and terror to prevent blacks from voting or running for office B. a deepening of mutual respect between black and white southerners, making Reconstruction seem no longer necessary C. a growing perception among northerners that southern blacks were unfit for equal citizenship D. a growing weariness in the North with the sectional issue and the burdens of enforcing Reconstruction

Correct Answer: B. a deepening of mutual respect between black and white southerners, making Reconstruction seem no longer necessary

The Reconstruction Act of March 1867 A. allowed the Redeemers to reconstruct the South after their own lights. B. divided the South into five military districts and called for creation of new state governments, with black men given the right to vote. C. voided the Supreme Court's decision in ex parte Milligan. D. barred the president from removing certain officeholders, including cabinet members, without consent of the Senate.

Correct Answer: B. divided the South into five military districts and called for creation of new state governments, with black men given the right to vote.

One of the main purposes of the Freedmen's Bureau was to A. induce former slaves to work for free, at least until they had proved their usefulness to potential employers. B. ensure a fair and viable system of labor relations between former slaves and former slaveholders. C. encourage whites to work for blacks, as a way to deepen interracial understanding. D. encourage freedpeople to move out West, where they could make a new start.

Correct Answer: B. ensure a fair and viable system of labor relations between former slaves and former slaveholders.

The Black Codes were A. codes of honor by which newly freed black Americans lived. B. laws that sought to regulate the lives of former slaves. C. secret codes used by freed blacks in regions where Ku Klux Klan was strongest. D. a secret code combining elements of Creole and Pidgin English.

Correct Answer: B. laws that sought to regulate the lives of former slaves.

In consequence of the "Bargain of 1877" President Rutherford B. Hayes A. ordered all federal purchase orders for military uniforms to be purchased at bargain or discount prices. B. ordered federal troops withdrawn from the South. C. ordered federal troops to return to their barracks. D. ordered that future bargains, such as those promoted by the corrupt politicians involved in the Whiskey Ring, be made illegal.

Correct Answer: B. ordered federal troops withdrawn from the South.

Which of the following series of events is listed in proper sequence? A. assassination of Lincoln; passage by Congress of Fourteenth Amendment; passage of southern Black Codes; Johnson veto of Civil Rights Bill B. ratification of Thirteenth Amendment; Tenure of Office Act; impeachment of Johnson; election of Grant C. Slaughterhouse Cases; 1875 Civil Rights Act; passage by Congress of Fourteenth Amendment; Reconstruction Act D. Ku Klux Klan Act; election of Grant; ratification of Fifteenth Amendment; Bargain of 1877

Correct Answer: B. ratification of Thirteenth Amendment; Tenure of Office Act; impeachment of Johnson; election of Grant

Which were central elements in the lives of post-emancipation blacks in the twenty years following the end of the Civil War? A. the family, the corporations, the university B. the family, the church, the school C. the boss, the cabin, the library D. the boss, the library, the farm

Correct Answer: B. the family, the church, the school

The phrase that best captures the vision of the Knights of Labor is A. "survival of the fittest." B. "liberty of contract." C. "cooperative commonwealth." D. "laissez-faire."

Correct Answer: C. "cooperative commonwealth."

Between 1870 in 1920, how many immigrants arrived from overseas? A. 11 million B. 1 million C. 25 million D. 65 million

Correct Answer: C. 25 million

Who among the following was not a leader of the Radical Republicans? A. Charles Sumner B. Thaddeus Stevens C. Andrew Johnson D. Benjamin Wade

Correct Answer: C. Andrew Johnson

In the aftermath of the Civil War, the black church was a powerful influence in the South; what two denominations commanded the largest African-American following? A. Catholic and Protestant B. Episcopalian and Presbyterian C. Baptist and Methodist D. Lutheran and Church of Christ

Correct Answer: C. Baptist and Methodist

Which of the following was not a major effect of Reconstruction (at its height) upon southern society? A. It saw the federal government take a direct role in the relations between black and white southerners. B. It saw the spread of schools and churches across the South, built by and for African-Americans. C. It inspired a mass exodus of southern blacks to lands that had never been known slavery. D. It helped restrain southern whites from exploiting the labor of former slaves.

Correct Answer: C. It inspired a mass exodus of southern blacks to lands that had never been known slavery.

The phrase "forty acres and a mule" derived from A. Lincoln's "10% Plan." B. the Wade-Davis Bill. C. Sherman's Field Order 15. D. the Emancipation Proclamation.

Correct Answer: C. Sherman's Field Order 15.

Which was not true of Liberal Republicans in the post-Civil War era? A. They nominated Horace Greely for president. B. They formed their own political party. C. They believed the growth of federal power needed to be expanded. D. They were less committed to equal rights for blacks than the Radical Republicans had been.

Correct Answer: C. They believed the growth of federal power needed to be expanded.

In the five years following the end of the Civil War, former slaves were guaranteed the following in the three Amendments to the United States Constitution. A. forty acres and a mule; education; and equality. B. the right to marry anyone of their choosing; freedom of assembly; land. C. freedom from slavery; recognition as citizens; the vote for adult black men. D. forty acres; education; and equal justice under law.

Correct Answer: C. freedom from slavery; recognition as citizens; the vote for adult black men.

Following the Civil War, white and black farmers in the South A. experienced extremely high prices for cotton. B. experienced rapidly rising prices C. saw the price of cotton fall steadily. D. saw a leveling off of the price of cotton to pre-war levels.

Correct Answer: C. saw the price of cotton fall steadily

Which was not a principal task of the Freedmen's Bureau (1865-1870)? A. establish schools B. secure former slaves equal treatment before the courts C. support black churches and businesses D. provide aid to the poor and aged

Correct Answer: C. support black churches and businesses

The Industrial Revolution in the United States took place principally in A. the Southeast and Southwest. B. the mid-Atlantic and the Southwest. C. the Northeast and the Midwest. D. the Southwest and Northeast.

Correct Answer: C. the Northeast and the Midwest.

What was being reconstructed (constructed again) in Reconstruction? A. the West B. slavery C. the nation D. the Civil War

Correct Answer: C. the nation

Black Americans who refused to sign labor contracts to work for whites during Reconstruction A. were often put on trains and sent out West. B. were often put on trains and sent to northern cities. C. were often convicted of vagrancy and fined; sometimes they were then auctioned off to work for the person who paid the fine. D. were convicted and sentenced to execution.

Correct Answer: C. were often convicted of vagrancy and fined; sometimes they were then auctioned off to work for the person who paid the fine.

Upon Lincoln's assassination, __________ became president. A. Ulysses S. Grant B. John Addams C. Andrew Jackson D. Andrew Johnson

Correct Answer: D. Andrew Johnson

The House of Representatives approved articles of impeachment against President Andrew Johnson for violation of what law? A. The Reconstruction Act B. The Fourteenth Amendment C. The Civil Rights Act D. The Tenure of Office Act

Correct Answer: D. The Tenure of Office Act

During Reconstruction, the black church functioned as a vital setting for A. political mobilization. B. worship. C. schooling. D. all of the above

Correct Answer: D. all of the above

Which of the following was not a widespread activity among newly emancipated blacks? A. seeking to obtain land of their own B. learning how to read and write C. moving about just to get the feel of freedom D. moving to the North in search of greater freedom and opportunity

Correct Answer: D. moving to the North in search of greater freedom and opportunity

In the summer of 1865, President Andrew Johnson ordered nearly all land in federal hands A. given to freed blacks. B. given to poor blacks and whites. C. given to the railroads. D. returned to its former owners.

Correct Answer: D. returned to its former owners.

The Enforcement Acts of 1870 and 1871 A. defined crimes that deprived citizens of their civil and political rights as federal offenses, and under these laws President Grant sent federal marshals to arrest hundreds of accused Klansmen. B. asserted South Carolina's right to nullify any federal law it deemed improper or unjust, and to enforce that decision. C. sought to sue for peace with Britain and Spain in the wake of resurgence of international tensions surrounding imperialist filibustering D. sought to enforce the Black Codes

Correct Answer: A. defined crimes that deprived citizens of their civil and political rights as federal offenses, and under these laws President Grant sent federal marshals to arrest hundreds of accused Klansmen.

As meant in the section on the free labor system, define "free labor." A. non-slave labor in a market economy B. voluntary labor done without pay C. labor you donate to a cause because you believe in it and so work for free D. labor that was without cost to the business owner

Correct Answer: A. non-slave labor in a market economy

In President Andrew Johnson's view, African-Americans ought to play what part in Reconstruction? A. none B. take up leadership positions in the Deep South C. take up leadership positions in the border states D. take up leadership positions in the federal government, but not in individual state governments

Correct Answer: A. none