Ch. 15 study guide- AP Euro

How many phases did the 30 Years War have?

4

The Test Act of 1673 restricted people outside the Anglican Church from doing what?

Vote, hold public office, preach, teach, attend universities, and assemble for meetings

What are historians referring to when speaking of the "moral economy"?

When the good of the community overrides individual needs

In the seventeenth century, why did rulers hesitate to crush rebellions?

Authorities feared that stern repressive measures would create martyrs and further inflame the situation

What was the effect of Ivan IV's laws regarding trade and manufacturing in Russia?

Checked the growth of Russian middle class

In return for financial support, what did Charles II of England secretly promise Louis XIV of France?

England would gradually re-Catholicize

What countries were a part of the Grand Alliance?

England, Netherlands, Austria, Prussia

What was the consequence of Rakoczy's rebellion for Habsburg rule?

Habsburgs restored traditional aristocratic privileges in exchange for recognition of Habsburg rule

How did Frederick William the Great Elector of Prussia persuade the Junker nobility to accept taxation without consent in order to fund the army?

He let them become leaders of the army

In order to westernize Russia, what did Peter the Great do?

He made nobles shave their beards, wear Western clothing, and attend parties so men & women could mingle and choose spouses

List the religious millets within the Ottoman Empire.

Orthodox Christians, Jews, Armenian Christians, Muslims

How did Peter the Great's westernizing reforms affect the process of marriage?

People could now choose their spouses after intermixing

What was one of the social consequences of Peter the Great's bureaucratic system?

People of non-noble origins were able to rise up

Where did Colbert send 4,000 colonists in hopes of making it apart of the French Empire?

Quebec

Which country had the highest living standards in Europe in the mid-17th century?

The Netherlands (the Dutch)

Within the Ottoman gov., who staffed the top levels of the bureaucracy?

The sultan's slave corps (most talented slaves rose to the top and could acquire wealth and power)

In order to solve financial crisis, what would Spanish monarch resort to?

They repeatedly devalued the coinage and declared bankruptcy (resulting in the collapse of national credit)

What was the primary focus of French foreign policy under Richelieu?

To end Habsburg control of territories surrounding France

How did the nature of armed forces change in the latter half of the seventeenth century?

Armies were created by monarchs for both peacetime and war; professional standards rose due to new training techniques and deploying soldiers; armies took longer to build it, though, giving enemies time to form coalitions

Why did the English gov. arrive at a crisis situation by 1640?

Fights erupted between the Crown and the House of Commons; *Charles I tried to govern without Parliament and finance the country with emergency taxes*, sending the country into a crisis

How did the Peace of Westphalia mark a turning point in European history?

It halted conflicts fought over religious faith and confirmed the emperor's limited authority

How did famines affect the European population in the seventeenth century?

It led to a lowered resistance to diseases, which reduced the population

The Glorious Revolution was rooted from the ideas of what philosopher?

John Locke

What was the Edict of Nantes intended to do?

Unite Catholics and Protestant Huguenots (Edict was revoked by Louis in 1685)

What was the Edict of Restitution?

"Restored Catholic lost to Protestantism since 1552", "was a belated attempt by Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor to impose and restore the religious and territorial situations reached in the Peace of Augsburg"

What battle proved to be the final collapse of Spain as a great military power? What treaty ended it?

Battle of Rocroi;Treaty of Pyrenees

What was the primary cause of the English Glorious Revolution?

Conflicts between the monarch and Parliament (fear of Catholicism)

How did the princes of Moscow seeks to legitimize their authority as rulers of an independent state?

Copied the ways of the Mongols

How did the Treaty of Utrecht resolve the problem of succession to the Spanish throne?

It allowed Philip (Louis XIV's grandson) to remain king of Spain while limiting the extent to which any one power could expand

What was the English Navigation Act of 1651?

English goods were to be transported only by English ships

How did Frederick William I, King of Prussia, sustain agricultural production while dramatically expanding the size of his army?

He replaced the conscription order with the order that all Prussian men undergo military training and serve as army reservists

What types of people did Louis XIV select as his councilors?

He selected members from the upper middle class who were recently ennobled

How did Archbishop of Canterbury William Laud create conflict in GB in the 1630s?

Laud tried to create two new elements for church organization in Scotland: a new prayer book and bishops

What was the nickname for the parliament that voted to execute Charles I?

Rump Parliament

What did Colbert do in order to increase French exports?

Supported old industries & created new ones, focused on textiles, created guilds to boost quality standards, encouraged craftsmen to immigrate to France, abolished many domestic tariffs, and raised tariffs on foreign products

The Baroque style flourished within the context of what event?

The Catholic Reformation