Ch. 20 Practice Quiz

The systolic part (both atrial and ventricular) of a cardiac cycle lasts, on average, A. 370 msec B. 5 seconds C. 100 msec D. 800 msec E. 3 seconds

A. 370 msec

Depolarization of the atria corresponds to the EKG's A. P wave B. QRS complex C. T wave D. S-T segment E. QT interval

A. P wave

The adult heart is roughly the size of A. a man's clenched fist B. the gallbladder C. the hand of a 10-year-old D. the liver E. the brain

A. a man's clenched fist

Blood returning to the heart from the pulmonary circuit first enters the A. left atrium B. right ventricle C. left ventricle D. conus arteriosus E. right atrium

A. left atrium

As a result of the long refractory period in the cardiac action potential, cardiac muscle cannot exhibit A. treppe B. fatigue C. tetany D. tonus E. recruitment

C. tetany

At a heart rate of 60 beats/minute, a cardiac cycle lasts A. 630 milliseconds B. 370 milliseconds C. 60 milliseconds D. 1 second E. 60 seconds

D. 1 second

The earlike extension of the atrium is the A. ventricle B. coronary sulcus C. coronary sinus D. auricle E. atricle

D. auricle

Pacemaker cells isolated from the SA node generate action potentials at ________ beats per minute. A. 40-60 B. 20-40 C. 80-100 D. 100-140 E. 140-180

C. 80-100

The ________ circuit carries blood to and from the lungs. A. oxygen B. systemic C. body D. portal E. pulmonary

E. pulmonary

What occurs at the area labeled "D" on the graph? A. diastolic filling begins B. AV valve opens and filling of ventricles begins C. AV valve opens D. ventricle contracts E. semilunar valve opens

B. AV valve opens and filling of ventricles begins

With each ventricular systole, A. blood pressure decreases B. blood pressure increases C. blood pressure remains steady D. cardiac output decreases E. the ventricles fill with blood

B. blood pressure increases

________ is to slow heart rate as ________ is to fast heart rate. A. tachycardia; bradycardia B. bradycardia; tachycardia C. cardiac tamponade; bradycardia D. bradycardia; cardiomyopathy E. Angina; infarction

B. bradycardia; tachycardia

A patient has an end-diastolic volume of 125 ml. A heart attack has weakened her left ventricle so it can pump a stroke volume of only 40 ml. Calculate her end-systolic volume. A. 5000 ml B. 165 ml C. 85 ml D. 3.1 ml E. There is not enough data given to calculate the end-systolic volume

C. 85ml

Depolarization of the ventricles is represented on an electrocardiogram by the A. P wave B. T wave C. QRS complex D. PR complex E. S wave

C. QRS complex

"An increase in end-diastolic volume increases the stroke volume" is a way of stating ________ law of the heart. A. Sparrow's B. Robin's C. Starling's D. Finch's E. Hawking's

C. Starling's

What occurs at the circled label "4" on the graph? A. ventricular ejection B. ventricular filling C. sympathetic stimulation D. isovolumetric ventricular relaxation E. isovolumetric ventricular contraction

E. isovolumetric ventricular contraction

What occurs at the circled label "7" on the graph? A. isovolumetric ventricular contraction B. sympathetic stimulation C. ventricular ejection D. ventricular filling E. isovolumetric ventricular relaxaiton

E. isovolumetric ventricular relaxation

What occurs at the circled label "5" on the graph? A. ventricular refilling B. isovolumetric contraction C. isovolumetric systole D. increased heart rate E. peak systolic pressure

E. peak systolic pressure

The right ventricle pumps blood to the A. aorta B. right atrium C. left ventricle D. left atrium E. right and left lungs

E. right and left lungs

Cardiac output is increased by A. inhibiting the atrial reflex B. decreased venous return C. decreased end diastolic volume D. increased end systolic volume E. sympathetic stimulation

E. sympathetic stimulation

The first heart sound ("lubb") is associated with A. opening of the semilunar valves B. closing of the atrioventricular valves C. opening of the atrioventricular valves D. closing of the semilunar valves E. atrial systole

B. closing of the atrioventricular valves

Which chamber receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary circuit? A. 5 B. 13 C. 10 D. both 5 and 16 E. 16

E. 16

The following is a list of vessels and structures that are associated with the heart. What is the correct order for the flow of blood entering from the systemic circulation? 1. right atrium 2. left atrium 3. right ventricle 4. left ventricle 5. venae cavae 6. aorta 7. pulmonary trunk 8. pulmonary veins A. 1, 2, 7, 8, 3, 4, 6, 5 B. 5, 3, 1, 7, 8, 4, 2, 6 C. 1, 7, 3, 8, 2, 4, 6, 5 D. 5, 1, 3, 8, 7, 2, 4, 6 E. 5, 1, 3, 7, 8, 2, 4, 6

E. 5, 1, 3, 7, 8, 2, 4, 6

The heart pumps approximately ____________ liters of blood each day. A. 50,000 B. 15,000 C. 100,000 D. 20,000 E. 8,000

E. 8,000

The first heart sound is heard when the A. AV valves open B. semilunar valves close C. blood enters the aorta D. atria contract E. AV valves close

E. AV valves close

The coronary sinus drains the ________ into the ________. A. inter ventricular artery; left ventricle B. right atrium; right ventricle C. cardiac vein; right ventricle D. coronary arteries; left ventricle E. cardiac veins; right atrium

E. cardiac veins; right atrium

The left ventricle pumps blood to the A. aorta B. pulmonary circuit C. lungs D. right ventricle E. right atrium

A. aorta

The superior portion of the heart where major blood vessels enter and exit is the A. base B. septum C. mediastinum D. apex E. hilum

A. base

The function of an atrium is to A. collect blood then pump it to the ventricle. B. pump blood into the systemic circuit C. pump blood to the lungs D. collect blood E. pump blood to the ventricle

A. collect blood then pump it to the ventricle

The relaxation phase of the cardiac cycle is called A. diastole B. asystole C. depolarizaiton D. systole E. hyperpolarization

A. diastole

What volume is labeled "G" on the graph? A. end-systolic volume B. ejection fraction C. cardiac output D. end-diastolic volume E. stroke volume

A. end-systolic volume

The visceral pericardium is the same as the A. epicardium B. myocardium C. mediastinum D. endocardium E. parietal pericardium

A. epicardium

Identify the structure labeled "21." A. ligamentum arteriosum B. tricuspid valve C. bicuspid valve D. aortic semilunar valve E. pulmonary semilunar valve

A. ligamentum arteriosum

Each of the following factors will increase cardiac output except increased A. parasympathetic stimulation B. force of contraction C. sympathetic stimulation D. heart rate E. venous return

A. parasympathetic stimulation

What occurs at the area labeled "B" on the graph? A. semilunar valve closes B. AV valve closes C. ventricular ejection occurs D. AV valve opens E. semilunar valve opens

A. semilunar valve closes

Blood is supplied to the myocardium by A. the coronary arteries B. arteries that branch from the pulmonary arteries C. contact with blood in the pumping chambers D. the coronary sinus E. arteries that branch off the subclavian arteries

A. the coronary arteries

The long plateau phase of the cardiac muscle action potential is due to A. decrease in the amount of calcium diffusing across the membrane B. calcium channels remaining open C. increased membrane permeability to sodium ions D. movement of fewer sodium ions across the cell membrane E. increased membrane permeability to potassium ion

B. calcium channels remaining open

What volume is labeled "F" on the graph? A. total cardiac volume B. end-diastolic volume C. end-systolic volume D. cardiac output E. stroke volume

B. end-diastolic volume

When the semilunar valves close, the AV valves then A. make the third heart sound B. open C. contract D. prolapse E. close

B. open

Blood leaves the right ventricle by passing through the A. mitral valve B. pulmonary valve C. aortic valve D. bicuspid valve E. tricuspid valve

B. pulmonary valve

Blood returning to the heart from the systemic circuit first enters the A. conus arteriosus B. right atrium C. left atrium D. left ventricle E. right ventricle

B. right atrium

The pulmonary semilunar valve prevents backward flow into the A. pulmonary trunk B. right ventricle C. pulmonary veins D. aorta E. left atrium

B. right ventricle

What occurs at "A" on the graph? A. semilunar valve closes B. semilunar valve opens C. end systolic volume D. AV valve opens E. AV valve closes

B. semilunar valve opens

The contraction phase of the cardiac cycle is called A. asystole B. systole C. diastole D. depolarization E. hyperpolarization

B. systole

Blood flowing into the heart from the venae cavae flows next through the ________ valve. A. bicuspid B. tricuspid C. aortic semilunar D. mitral E. pulmonary semilunar

B. tricuspid

Drugs known as calcium channel blockers such as nifedipine can be used to A. decrease the force of cardiac contraction B. decrease blood pressure C. all of the answers are correct D. produce a negative inotropic effect E. dilate the coronary arteries

C. all the answers are correct

Intercalated discs serve to transfer ________ from cell to cell. A. ionic currents B. electrical signals C. all the answers are correct D. the force of contraction E. action potentials

C. all the answers are correct

An increase in the rate of action potentials from baroreceptors will trigger a reflex to A. increase heart rate B. both increase heart rate and increase pressure C. both decrease heart rate and decrease pressure D. decrease heart rate E. decrease blood pressure

C. both decrease heart rate and decrease pressure

The heart is innervated by ________ nerves. A. parasympathetic B. somatomotor C. both parasympathetic and sympathetic D. neither parasympathetic nor sympathetic E. sympathetic

C. both parasympathetic and sympathetic

During the T wave of the electrocardiogram, the ventricles are A. contracting B. repolarizing C. both repolarizing and relaxing D. relaxing E. depolarizing

C. both repolarizing and relaxing

Pacemaker cells in the SA node A. all of the answers are correct B. are special neurons that convey signals from the brain to the heart C. can spontaneously depolarize D. also contract with the rest of the cells in the heart wall E. have a well-defined resting potential

C. can spontaneously depolarize

The first blood vessels to branch from the aorta are the ________ arteries. A. carotid B. circumflex C. coronary D. pulmonary E. subclavian

C. coronary

Identify the structure labeled "6." A. pulmonary semilunar valve B. aortic semilunar valve C. cusp of tricuspid valve D. ligamentum arteriosum E. bicuspid valve

C. cusp of tricuspid valve

The ________ lines the chambers of the heart, covers the heart valves, and is continuous with the endothelium. A. mediastinum B. epicardium C. endocardium D. visceral pericardium E. myocardium

C. endocardium

What is occurring in the left atrium at the circle labeled "2" on the graph? A. left atrium is pressurizing the left ventricle B. left atrium is in diastole C. left atrium is in systole D. left atrial pressure is decreasing E. left atrium is receiving pressure from the left ventricle

C. left atrium is in systole

Blood is supplied to the muscular wall of the left atrium by the A. brachiocephalic artery B. phrenic arteries C. left coronary artery D. pulmonary arteries E. right coronary artery

C. left coronary artery

In the middle of the thoracic cavity is a region occupied by the heart, great vessels, thymus, esophagus, and trachea called the A. ventral cavity B. pericardial space C. mediastinum D. cardiac notch E. pleural space

C. mediastinum

Excess fluid in the _____________ causes cardiac tamponade. A. left ventricle B. apex of heart C. pericardial cavity D. visceral pericardium E. both atria

C. pericardial cavity

Identify the structure labeled "19." A. tricuspid valve B. ligamentum arteriosum C. pulmonary semilunar valve D. bicuspid valve E. aortic semilunar valve

C. pulmonary semilunar valve

The volume of blood ejected from each ventricle during a contraction is called the A. end-systolic volume B. end-diastolic volume C. stroke volume D. cardiac output E. cardiac reserve

C. stroke volume

What volume is labeled "E" on the graph? A. end-diastolic volume B. cardiac output C. stroke volume D. end-systolic volume E. total cardiac volume

C. stroke volume

Tetanic muscle contractions don't occur in a normal cardiac muscle because A. cardiac muscle tissue contracts on its own. B. the refractory period ends before the muscle reaches peak tension. C. the refractory period lasts until the muscle relaxes. D. neural stimulation is lacking. E. potassium channels outnumber sodium channels.

C. the refractory period lasts until the muscle relaxes.

The T wave on an ECG tracing represents A. atrial repolarization B. ventricular contraction C. ventricular repolarization D. ventricular depolarization E. atrial depolarization

C. ventricular repolarization

There are ________ pulmonary veins. A. 6 B. 8 C. 12 D. 4 E. 2

D. 4

The following are structural components of the conducting system of the heart 1. Purkinje fibers 2. AV bundle 3. AV node 4. SA node 5. bundle branches. The sequence in which excitation would move through this system is A. 3, 2, 4, 5, 1. B. 1, 4, 3, 2, 5 C. 4, 2, 3, 5, 1 D. 4, 3, 2, 5, 1 E. 3, 5, 4, 2, 1

D. 4, 3, 2, 5, 1

What occurs at the area labeled "C" on the graph? A. ventricular filling begins B. AV valve opens C. semilunar valve opens D. AV valve closes E. semilunar valve closes

D. AV valve closes

A heart murmur might be caused by A. aortic valve insufficiency B. swirling of blood in the ventricle C. pulmonic valve insufficiency D. all of the answers are correct E. mitral valve insufficiency

D. all of the answers are correct

End-systolic volume is defined as the A. amount of blood which back flows into a ventricle B. stroke volume multiplied by the heart rate C. amount of blood remaining in an atrium after atrial systole D. amount of blood remaining in a ventricle after contraction E. amount of blood a ventricle ejects per cycle

D. amount of blood remaining in a ventricle after contraction

Most of the middle layer in the heart wall is composed of A. smooth muscle cells B. fibrocytes C. chondrocytes D. cardiac muscle cells E. epitheliocytes

D. cardiac muscle cells

Artery is to ________ as vein is to ________. A. toward; away B. afferent; away C. efferent; away D. efferent; afferent E. afferent; efferent

D. efferent; afferent

The ________ is the volume of blood in a ventricle at the beginning of systole. A. end-systolic volume B. start-diastolic volume C. stroke volume D. end-diastole volume E. ejection fraction

D. end-diastole volume

Identify the structure(s) labeled "8." A. chord tendineae B. trabecular carneae C. moderator band D. papillary muscles E. pectinate muscles

D. papillary muscles

Coronary veins empty into the A. right ventricle B. conus arteriosus C. left atrium D. right atrium E. left ventricle

D. right atrium

The ________ circuit carries blood from the aorta to the right ventricle. A. pulmonary B. oxygen C. body D. systemic E. portal

D. systemic

The normal pacemaker of the heart is located in A. the atrioventricular node B. the Purkinje fibers C. both the left and right ventricles D. the sinoatrial node E. the wall of the left ventricle

D. the sinoatrial node