ch 22 hist 3030
In their attempt to control the spice trade in the Indian Ocean, the Europeans during the period between the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries
met with limited success because of lack of personnel
Christopher Columbus's decision to sail west to reach Asia was based on
miscalculation of the distance from the Canary Islands to Japan
VOC
united east India company
The first European nation to dominate trade with Asia was ___
Portugal
The astrolabe was designed to measure
latitude
The reconquista came to an end in 1492 when
the muslim kingdom of Granada fell to Spanish catholic forces
. Ferdinand Magellan established a trade route between Mexico and
the phillipines
Under Spanish rule of the Philippines, the native population
was pressured to convert to Roman Catholicism
Lateen sails had the advantage of
working better in crosswinds
Russian territorial expansion into northern Eurasia began in the
16th century
Hormuz, Goa, and Melaka were all seized in the early 1500s by
Afonso d'Alboquerque
By 1750, all parts of the world participated in a global trade network in which Europeans played dominant roles, EXCEPT
Africa
Who was the first European to sail around the Cape of Good Hope ?
Bartholemeu Dias
. Most of the actual exploration of the Pacific Ocean was carried out by the
English
The first circumnavigation of the world was completed in 1522 by
Ferdinand Magellan
Which cities were Portuguese trading posts?
Goa, Ormuz, Malacca, Kochi, the Maluku Islands, Macau, and Nagasaki.
On 12 October 1492, Columbus made landfall on an island that the native Taíno called
Guanahani
The English explorer James Cook died during a fight in
Hawaii
Who conquered the Moroccan port of Ceuta and sponsored a series of voyages down the west African coast
Henry of Portugal
. The explorer who led three expeditions into the Pacific in the eighteenth century was
James Cook
The center of the Spanish commercial activity in Asia was
Manila
The Philippines fell to
Miguel Lopez de Legazpi
Discuss reasons for the European interest in finding a maritime trade route
Trade, resources, Christianity, route
The Portuguese mariner who sailed to Calicut in 1498 was
Vasco de Gama
What were the main inspirations for European exploration?
b. the search for basic resources c. the desire to establish new trade routes to Asian markets d. the desire to spread Christianity e. the search for lands suitable for cultivation
The Dutch policy in Indonesia was to
control the production of spices
When he reached _______, Columbus sent delegates to seek the court of the emperor of China.
cuba
From 1500 to 1800, the largest contingent of migrants consisted of
enslaved africans
The Portuguese dominance of trade was dependent on their ability to
force merchant ships to call at fortified trading sites and pay duties
Jan Pieterszoon Coen was responsible for
founding the city of Batavia on the island of java
Russian merchants and explorers began the expansion into Siberia in the quest for
furs
What were the advantages that the English and Dutch had over the Portuguese?
hey sailed faster, cheaper, and more powerful ships and 2) they conducted trade through joint-stock companies which allowed investors to get profits while limiting the risk
Discuss the long term effects of the Columbian exchange.
increased world population because of the spread of new food crops
In the end, Portugal was unable to maintain its early domination of trade because
it was a small country with small population
he profitable merchandise that Vasco da Gama purchased in India was made up of
pepper and cinnamon
Discuss important Chinese invention
sterpost rudder and magnetic compass
The Portuguese viewed the Atlantic Ocean islands as the perfect location for the cultivation of
sugarcane
The most prosperous country in Europe in the seventeenth century was
the Netherlands