Ch 22 Review Cowan Microbiology

E. coli O157:H7 characteristics include all of the following except it a. causes a bloody diarrhea. b. has a reservoir inside of cattle intestines. c. is transmitted by ingestion of contaminated, undercooked food, especially hamburger. d. only causes occupational illness in people who work with animals. e. will, in some cases, lead to the development of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) with possible kidney failure.

d

Oral flora bacteria on the tooth surface a. develop a biofilm. b. include streptococci that metabolize sucrose, produce sticky glucans and form plaque. c. use bacterial cell structures, such as fimbriae and slime layers, to adhere. d. all of the choices are correct

d

Salmonella are a. Gram positive bacilli. b. lactose fermenters. c. methane producers. d. motile. e. all of the choices are correct

d

Symptoms of cryptosporidiosis include a. a red skin papule that spreads to a large ulcer. b. bloody, mucus-filled stools and fever. c. chills, fever, and sweats. d. headache, sweats, vomiting, severe abdominal cramps and diarrhea.

d

The most immediate and important treatment needed to prevent death in cholera victims is a. antimicrobials. b. antitoxin. c. surgery. d. water and electrolyte replacement.

d

Typhoid fever has all of the following characteristics except a. becomes a septicemia, spreads to lymph nodes and spleen, and causes liver abscesses. b. chronic carriers have the pathogen in their gallbladders. c. infects the small intestine with fever, diarrhea and abdominal pain. d. spread by droplet contact. e. transmitted by ingesting fecal-contaminated food and water.

d

Which is incorrect about Staphylococcus aureus food intoxication? a. Food is left unrefrigerated for several hours after contamination. b. Common associated foods include custards, ham, cream pastries and processed meats. c. Food gets contaminated by a human carrier. d. Ingestion of the pathogen allows it to multiply and damage the GI tract lining. e. Symptoms come on quickly and include nausea, vomiting and diarrhea.

d

Which is not a characteristic of Helicobacter pylori? a. curved rods b. Gram negative c. lives in the stomach d. produces enterotoxin that causes diarrhea e. produces urease that buffers stomach acidity

d

Which of the following antigen types found in Gram negative enterics is mismatched? a. H antigen - flagellar b. K antigen - capsule c. O antigen - cell wall d. all of the choices are correct e. none of the choices is correct

d

All of the following can be transmitted by drinking contaminated water except a. campylobacteriosis. b. cryptosporidiosis. c. cyclosporiasis. d. giardiasis. e. malaria.

e

Campylobacter infection has all of the following characteristics except it a. burrows into the mucosa of the ileum and multiplies. b. can cause acute temporary paralysis. c. can last over two weeks. d. can lead to Guillain-Barre syndrome. e. is caused by a shiga toxin.

e

Cholera symptom(s) is/are a. acidosis, sunken eyes, and thirst. b. copious amounts of watery diarrhea. c. hypotension, tachycardia, and shock. d. loss of blood volume. e. all of the choices are correct

e

Defenses of the GIT against pathogens include a. GALT. b. mucus, acid and saliva. c. peristalsis. d. secretory IgA and lysozyme. e. all of the choices are correct

e

Entamoeba histolytica is acquired by a. anal-oral sexual contact. b. contaminated food. c. contaminated water. d. ingestion of cysts of the pathogen. e. all of the choices are correct

e

Escherichia coli infections a. are often transmitted by fecal contaminated water and food. b. are self-limiting with the only treatment being rehydration. c. include EIEC that destroys gut mucosa. d. involve enterotoxin in traveler's diarrhea. e. all of the choices are correct

e

Helicobacter pylori causes a. duodenal ulcers. b. gastritis. c. increased risk for stomach cancer. d. stomach ulcers. e. all of the choices are correct

e

Salmonelloses are a. associated with undercooked poultry and eggs, and reptile and rodent feces. b. gastroenteritis with vomiting and diarrhea. c. not caused by Salmonella typhi. d. treated with fluid and electrolyte replacement. e. all of the choices are correct

e

Shigella species have all of the following characteristic except a. the reservoir is human carriers. b. they are not motile, Gram-negative rods. c. they infect the large intestine. d. they produce an enterotoxin called shiga toxin. e. they produce urease and hydrogen sulfide.

e

The primary viral cause of chronic diarrhea globally is a. adenovirus. b. astrovirus. c. Cryptosporidium. d. norovirus. e. rotavirus.

e

Which is not true of Clostridium difficile? a. also called pseudomembranous colitis b. Gram positive, endospore-forming rod c. infection precipitated by broad spectrum antibiotic therapy d. part of normal intestinal biota e. produces "rice water" stools

e

Which of the following is not true of enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC)? a. blood and pus in the stool b. high fever is present c. invades gut mucosa d. no heat-labile or heat-stable exotoxins e. produces shiga toxin

e

A common food intoxication is caused by enterotoxin-producing strains of a. Staphylococcus aureus. b. Staphylococcus epidermidis. c. Staphylococcus saprophyticus. d. Streptococcus agalactiae. e. Streptococcus pyogenes.

a

Outbreaks of which apicomplexan disease have been associated with fecalcontaminated drinking water. a. cryptosporidiosis b. cyclosporiasis c. toxoplasmosis d. trichinosis

a

The most common bacterial cause of diarrhea in the United States is a. Campylobacter. b. E. coli. c. Salmonella. d. Shigella. e. Yersinia.

a

Which is incorrect about shigellosis? a. It frequently involves septicemia. b. It is also called dysentery. c. Human carriers cause fecal transmission. d. Outbreaks have occurred in day care centers. e. Symptoms include watery diarrhea with bloody, mucoid stools and abdominal cramps.

a

Which of the following is not true of enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC)? a. causes a high fever b. causes traveler's diarrhea c. has an A-B, heat-labile exotoxin d. has heat-stable exotoxins. e. mainly affects the small intestine.

a

Which statement does not accurately describe Salmonella typhi? a. It produces a mild gastrointestinal disease. b. It is the cause of typhoid fever. c. It multiplies within phagocytes and lymph nodes. d. The bacterium is a Gram negative bacillus. e. The disease can be treated with antimicrobials.

a

All of the following are characteristic of Campylobacter jejuni except it a. causes fever and a watery to bloody diarrhea. b. infects the stomach. c. are Gram-negative curved rod with darting motility. d. transmitted through ingestion of contaminated chicken, meat, milk and water. e. produces an enterotoxin that stimulates diarrhea.

b

Production of enterotoxin is a characteristic of a. Clostridium botulinum. b. Clostridium difficile. c. Clostridium perfringens. d. Clostridium tetani.

b

The virulence of Vibrio cholerae is due to its a. capsule. b. enterotoxin. c. invasive enzymes. d. neurotoxin.

b

Which of the following is not a normal causative agent of acute diarrhea with vomiting (food poisoning)? a. Bacillus cereus b. Clostridium difficile c. Clostridium perfringens d. Staphylococcus aureus exotoxin e. all of the choices are correct

b

"Rice water" stools are associated with disease caused by which organism? a. Campylobacter jejuni b. Helicobacter pylori c. Vibrio cholerae d. Vibrio parahaemolyticus e. Vibrio vulnificus

c

All of the following pertain to Clostridium difficile infection except it a. is a colitis that is a superinfection. b. is associated with disruption of normal flora due to broad spectrum antimicrobials. c. is due to ingestion of contaminated, improperly stored, cooked meats and gravies. d. is the major cause of diarrhea in hospitals. e. often has an endogenous source.

c

Giardiasis involves a. a protozoan that does not form cysts. b. infection of the large intestine. c. symptoms of abdominal pain, flatulence and diarrhea. d. vector transmission. e. all of the choices are correct

c

Which is true of Yersinia enterocolitica and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis? a. They are Gram positive. b. They cause Guillain-Barre syndrome. c. They cause intense pain caused by inflammation of the ileum and mesenteric lymph nodes. d. They are passed only through direct contact. e. They both cause tuberculosis.

c