Ch 24

The federal government enacted which of the following policies during World War II to encourage women workers in the war effort? Select one: A. Government child-care programs B. Job sharing C. Equal pay for equal work D. Paid maternity leaves

A. Government child-care programs

What did President Roosevelt call "a date that will live in infamy"? Select one: A. Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor B. Germany's invasion of Poland C. England's declaration of war on Germany D. Japan's invasion of Manchuria

A. Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor

Which of the following pairs is properly matched? Select one: A. Lend-Lease—allowed the distribution of arms and equipment to Britain B. Office of War Information—helped save Jews from the Holocaust C. Congress of Racial Equality—enforced no discrimination policies in defense industries D. War Refugee Board—promoted patriotism

A. Lend-Lease—allowed the distribution of arms and equipment to Britain

The turning point of World War II in Europe came as a result of the Select one: A. Soviets' halt of the German advance at Stalingrad in the winter of 1942-1943. B. Allies' successes in North Africa and its invasion of Italy in 1943. C. Allies' invasion of France on D-Day in June 1944. D. U.S. Navy's successful drive of German submarines out of the Atlantic in spring 1942.

A. Soviets' halt of the German advance at Stalingrad in the winter of 1942-1943.

Which of the following factors contributed to the rise of the Nazi Party in Germany? Select one: A. World War I reparation payments B. A leadership vacuum C. U.S. support for Adolf Hitler D. A collective security system

A. World War I reparation payments

When Japanese troops occupied the northern part of French Indochina in 1940, Select one: A. the United States restricted trade with Japan, including fuel and scrap metal vital to Japan's war effort. B. the United States reinforced its troops in the Philippines and prepared to occupy southern Indochina. C. the United States protested verbally but otherwise did nothing. D. Roosevelt signed the Tri-Partite Pact with Great Britain and the Soviet Union.

A. the United States restricted trade with Japan, including fuel and scrap metal vital to Japan's war effort.

Korematsu v. United States legitimized Select one: A. the forced internment of Japanese Americans into relocation camps. B. discrimination against Japanese men in the U.S. military. C. the renewal of the Root-Takahira agreement. D. the use of Japanese Americans in the armed forces.

A. the forced internment of Japanese Americans into relocation camps.

Who was Gordon Hirabayashi? Select one: A. The plaintiff's lawyer in the 1944 case Korematsu v. United States B. A pacifist who was convicted for resisting the Japanese internment policy C. The leader of the Japanese military during World War II D. A Japanese American caught spying for Japan during World War II

B. A pacifist who was convicted for resisting the Japanese internment policy

Which of the following states experienced the largest share of wartime migration in the 1940s? Select one: A. New York B. California C. Texas D. Florida

B. California

In June 1943, thirty-four people died during a major race riot in Select one: A. Cleveland. B. Detroit. C. Washington, D.C. D. Oakland.

B. Detroit.

In a famous 1941 speech, Franklin Roosevelt excluded which of the following from his definition of the "four essential freedoms"? Select one: A. Freedom from fear B. Freedom from discrimination C. Freedom of religion D. Freedom from want

B. Freedom from discrimination

Which of these statements describes the America First Committee? Select one: A. The group advocated an American attack on Japan in 1940. B. Its intent was to keep the nation out of war. C. It believed the United States should be interventionist. D. It had very few influential followers.

B. Its intent was to keep the nation out of war.

Which of the following statements describes rationing during World War II? Select one: A. The food items in shortest supply were chewing gum and soft drinks. B. Most Americans complied with rationing. C. Due to unfair distribution of goods, only poor Americans had to cope with shortages. D. Families of servicemen and servicewomen were not required to comply with rationing.

B. Most Americans complied with rationing.

Which of the following was the United States' initial response to world problems in the 1930s? Select one: A. Quarantine of belligerents B. Neutrality C. Preparation for war D. Appeasement

B. Neutrality

By the late 1930s, fascism had not yet spread to Select one: A. Japan. B. Russia. C. Germany. D. Spain.

B. Russia.

Americans associated with which of the following groups, which advocated U.S. intervention in Europe? Select one: A. National Legion of Mothers of America B. The Popular Front C. The Nye Committee D. America First Committee

B. The Popular Front

What were the terms of the "cost-plus" contracts offered by the U.S. government to corporations during World War II? Select one: A. Corporations were allowed to profit from sales to the U.S. government, but they could not keep factories built for the war effort. B. The corporations were guaranteed a profit from the sale of war materials to the U.S. government. C. The U.S. government would provide no reimbursement to corporations for the sale of war materials. D. The U.S. government would pay corporations only for the cost of producing the materials.

B. The corporations were guaranteed a profit from the sale of war materials to the U.S. government.

Which of the following statements describes the forced relocation and incarceration of Japanese Americans during World War II? Select one: A. The Supreme Court ruled the policy unconstitutional in 1943 and the internees returned home. B. The internment policy was not applied to the many Japanese Americans who lived in Hawaii. C. The government interned only those Japanese Americans who were not native-born citizens. D. There was widespread American protest against the internment program as it took effect.

B. The internment policy was not applied to the many Japanese Americans who lived in Hawaii.

Which of the following describes discrimination in the armed services during World War II? Select one: A. Japanese Americans were banned from military service. B. The military segregated African Americans and assigned them menial duties. C. Having learned from World War I, the army did not segregate black soldiers. D. Native Americans served in segregated units.

B. The military segregated African Americans and assigned them menial duties.

Why did the United States participate in World War II? Select one: A. To protect the European colonial system B. To protect European democracy and preserve American international power C. To end the Great Depression D. To become a global world power and expand its empire

B. To protect European democracy and preserve American international power

The cash-and-carry provision of the 1937 Neutrality Act stated that Select one: A. the United States would only purchase goods using cash and American transportation. B. belligerents could buy nonmilitary goods from the United States under certain conditions. C. the United States would sell arms to Spain if it paid for them in cash and picked them up. D. the United States would give "all aid short of war" to the Allies.

B. belligerents could buy nonmilitary goods from the United States under certain conditions.

The GI Bill of Rights provided Select one: A. higher pay for soldiers who were exposed to life-threatening conditions. B. education, medical care, pensions, and mortgage loans to veterans. C. free transportation home for soldiers who were wounded in battle. D. entertainment to boost the morale of troops in Europe and the Pacific.

B. education, medical care, pensions, and mortgage loans to veterans.

After the Japanese invaded China in 1937, President Roosevelt Select one: A. called for a League of Nations military force to free China. B. urged peace-loving nations to "quarantine" Japan and other aggressors. C. ordered the United States to retaliate for the sinking of American boats in the Yangtze River. D. broke diplomatic relations with Japan.

B. urged peace-loving nations to "quarantine" Japan and other aggressors.

What prevented the United States from relaxing its immigration standards in order to grant asylum to a larger number of Jewish refugees in the late 1930s and early 1940s? Select one: A. Hitler's threat to invade the United States B. The Great Depression C. Anti-Semitic attitudes D. An attitude of denial about Jewish persecution

C. Anti-Semitic attitudes

The principles of freedom of the seas, national self-determination, and collective security were reiterated in the Select one: A. Yalta Conference. B. Munich Pact. C. Atlantic Charter. D. Potsdam Conference.

C. Atlantic Charter.

Which of the following nations was not overrun by Germany in June 1940? Select one: A. France B. Denmark C. Britain D. Belgium

C. Britain

What was the outcome of the United Mine Workers' strike, which was led by John L. Lewis in 1943? Select one: A. President Roosevelt intervened and mediated a settlement that did not please either side. B. The striking workers won recognition of their union and better working conditions in all of the country's coal mines. C. Congress passed legislation prohibiting strikes during the war and forbidding political contributions by unions. D. Striking miners won their demand that their wartime pay would keep pace with inflation.

C. Congress passed legislation prohibiting strikes during the war and forbidding political contributions by unions.

During World War II, the Big Three consisted of Select one: A. China, Japan, and India. B. Germany, Japan, and Italy. C. England, the Soviet Union, and the United States. D. France, Japan, and Italy.

C. England, the Soviet Union, and the United States.

Why did the Democratic Party nominate Harry S Truman as Roosevelt's vice presidential running mate in 1944? Select one: A. He was widely considered the best qualified to be president if Roosevelt died. B. Vice President Wallace was seen as too close to the southern wing of the Democratic Party. C. Many party leaders found Vice President Wallace too liberal. D. He was regarded as having more expertise in foreign affairs than Vice President Wallace.

C. Many party leaders found Vice President Wallace too liberal.

Which of the following statements accurately describes women's roles in the American workforce during World War II? Select one: A. Most held the same sorts of jobs they held before the war. B. Government propaganda was directed mainly at single women. C. Men earned higher wages than women for comparable work. D. By 1945, women made up 68 percent of the labor force.

C. Men earned higher wages than women for comparable work.

World War II officially began in Europe after Germany invaded Select one: A. France. B. Czechoslovakia. C. Poland. D. Austria.

C. Poland.

Which of the following describes the federal income tax during World War II? Select one: A. Roosevelt cut tax rates in half for the duration of the war. B. Roosevelt suspended it and implemented a national sales tax in its place. C. The number of Americans paying federal income increased tenfold. D. The war required that wealthy citizens pay the tax for the very first time.

C. The number of Americans paying federal income increased tenfold.

What was the principal reason that Harry Truman and his American advisors decided to use the atomic bomb against Japan in the summer of 1945? Select one: A. The Soviet Union reneged on its promise to assist in the war against Japan. B. Congress, which distrusted Truman, threatened to revoke the War Powers Act. C. They demanded unconditional surrender and were not willing to invade Japan. D. The U.S. military forces and defense industries were close to exhaustion.

C. They demanded unconditional surrender and were not willing to invade Japan.

Which of the following combinations is correctly paired? Select one: A. Office of Price Administration—worked to get the country and economy into defense production B. War Powers Act—established wages, hours, and working conditions C. War Production Board—oversaw the conversion of industry to military manufacturing D. National War Labor Board—gave the president unprecedented authority to run the war

C. War Production Board—oversaw the conversion of industry to military manufacturing

Which of the following facilitated the emergence of gay and lesbian communities in cities like New York, San Francisco, Chicago, and Buffalo during the World War II years? Select one: A. The U.S. military's rejection of gays and lesbians B. Decriminalization of homosexuality C. Wartime migration D. Changing religious morality

C. Wartime migration

Franklin Roosevelt's Executive Order 9066 Select one: A. banned gays and lesbians from serving in the military. B. permitted the arrest and detainment of Americans suspected of disloyalty. C. allowed for the forced internment of Japanese Americans. D. created the Manhattan Project to develop an atomic bomb.

C. allowed for the forced internment of Japanese Americans.

In 1934, the Nye Committee's report concluded that Select one: A. "merchants of death" were leading the nation into World War II. B. new immigrants were undermining American society. C. war profiteers had maneuvered the nation into World War I for financial gain. D. the New Deal had led to the recession of 1937.

C. war profiteers had maneuvered the nation into World War I for financial gain.

The government's action during World War II undermined which of the following Progressive-era reforms? Select one: A. Workers' compensation laws B. Women's rights C. Child labor laws D. Antitrust prosecution

D. Antitrust prosecution

Which of the following caused increased racial tensions and an outbreak of race riots in more than a hundred cities in 1943? Select one: A. Whites' resistance to African Americans' attempt to integrate their neighborhoods B. The massive influx of southern whites into the urban North C. Episodes of police brutality against peaceful black residents D. Competition for housing and jobs between whites and black migrants

D. Competition for housing and jobs between whites and black migrants

Which of the following men led the American military command in the Pacific theater during World War II? Select one: A. George Marshall and Douglas MacArthur B. Dwight D. Eisenhower and William D. Leahy C. Douglas MacArthur and Ernest King D. Douglas MacArthur and Chester W. Nimitz

D. Douglas MacArthur and Chester W. Nimitz

During the 1930s, Adolf Hitler's goal was Select one: A. the formalization of an alliance with Japan. B. the annexation of the United States. C. the repatriation of German citizens in Russia. D. European domination and world power.

D. European domination and world power.

What form of government did the war-making nations of the late 1930s have in common? Select one: A. Republicanism B. Communism C. Capitalism D. Fascism

D. Fascism

Why was Churchill's strategy of invading Europe through its "soft underbelly" in Sicily and Italy a costly mistake? Select one: A. Italy's king allied with Mussolini and strengthened the Italian fascist forces considerably. B. Mussolini's fascists proved to be a much more powerful foe than Churchill expected. C. German military leaders foresaw the invasion and repelled it, killing tens of thousands of troops. D. German troops took control of Italy after Mussolini's fall and outmatched the Allies.

D. German troops took control of Italy after Mussolini's fall and outmatched the Allies.

Which of the following was characteristic of fascist governments in the 1930s and 1940s, especially Nazi Germany? Select one: A. Parliamentary government B. Collectivism C. Internationalism D. Nationalism

D. Nationalism

Who was Henry J. Kaiser? Select one: A. An infamous German spy who was executed for sending secretes to the German military B. The German military commander that Americans defeated in the North Africa campaign C. A trusted Roosevelt advisor and the architect of both New Deal and World War II policies D. The "miracle man" who revolutionized the production of naval vessels during the war

D. The "miracle man" who revolutionized the production of naval vessels during the war

Which of the following was the most decisive American factor in determining the outcome of World War II? Select one: A. The willingness of all Americans to invest in war bonds B. The contribution of women workers in America's factories C. The sheer number of troops provided by the United States D. The immense production of war material and other needed supplies

D. The immense production of war material and other needed supplies

The Neutrality Act of 1935 and its 1936 and 1937 amendments Select one: A. prohibited Americans from sailing on the ships of nations at war. B. prohibited Americans from selling nonmilitary goods to nations at war. C. reflected the internationalist sentiments of the congressional majority. D. instituted a cash-and-carry policy for belligerent nations' purchases from the United States.

D. instituted a cash-and-carry policy for belligerent nations' purchases from the United States.

Instead of immediately opening a second front in France in 1942-1943, Churchill successfully insisted that the Allies Select one: A. concentrate on the war against Japan in the Pacific. B. let the Red army and the Nazis exhaust each other in fighting. C. win the war in the west by means of bombing attacks on German cities. D. invade North Africa and later Sicily and the Italian mainland.

D. invade North Africa and later Sicily and the Italian mainland.

Franklin Roosevelt responded to A. Philip Randolph's plan for a March on Washington by Select one: A. implementing the GI Bill of Rights. B. passing the Smith-Connally Labor Act. C. empowering the Congress of Racial Equality. D. issuing Executive Order 8802.

D. issuing Executive Order 8802.

From 1941 to 1943, Stalin was most interested in securing a guarantee that Britain and the United States would Select one: A. send reinforcements to fight against the Nazis on the Eastern Front. B. permit the Soviet Union to establish satellite states in Eastern Europe after the war. C. allow the Soviet Union's annexation of much of northeast China after the war. D. open a second front in France to force Germany to withdraw troops from Russia.

D. open a second front in France to force Germany to withdraw troops from Russia.