CH 24 PR 24.14-24.15

Identify the enzymes that aid in the chemical digestion of carbohydrates. Select all that apply.

Amylase Disaccharidases

Select the effects of aging on the digestive system. Select all that apply.

Decline in the liver's ability to detoxify chemicals Decreases in the amount of mucus secreted

Identify the structure where the majority of digestion takes place.

Duodenum

Why is emulsification of lipids important?

Emulsification increases surface area for digestive enzymes.

Cholesterol is transported from the tissues for disposal by ______, which is sometimes called the 'good' lipoprotein, while ______ is called 'bad' because it can lead to cholesterol being deposited in arterial walls.

HDL, LDL

Describe how lipids are transported through the blood.

Lipids are combined with protein to form lipoproteins.

Identify the structures that secrete lipase. Select all that apply.

Pancreas Lingual glands

Identify the substances that aid in the chemical digestion of proteins. Select all that apply.

Pepsin Carboxypeptidase Peptidases Trypsin

Identify the effects of aging on the digestive system. Select all that apply.

Reduction in motility Thinning of tooth enamel Decrease in mucus production

Identify the structures that secrete enzymes that aid in the chemical digestion of proteins. Select all that apply.

Small intestine Stomach Pancreas

Identify the structures where lipid digestion occurs. Select all that apply.

Stomach Small intestine

Describe emulsification.

The process by which bile salts transform large lipid droplets into much smaller droplets

LDL is considered _____ while HDL is considered _____.

bad, good

Identify the substance necessary to emulsify lipids.

bile salts

______ digestion breaks covalent bonds in organic molecules through the action of digestive enzymes.

chemical

A type of lipoprotein consisting of mostly triglycerides along with phospholipids, cholesterol and protein is a(n)

chylomicron

The majority of digestion occurs within the portion of the small intestine called the

duodenum

The process by which bile salts transform large lipid droplets into much smaller lipid droplets is called

emulsification

Bile salts are necessary to _____.

emulsify lipids

Bile salts emulsify lipids and thus ______ the surface area for the digestive enzymes..

increase

Lipids are chemically digested by the enzyme

lipase

The enzyme that chemically digests lipid molecules is _____.

lipase

A micelle is a ______ droplet surrounded by ______.

lipid, bile salts

A chylomicron is a ______ droplet surrounded by ______.

lipid, proteins

Lipids combine with protein to form BLANK that are transported in the blood.

lipoprotein

Large food particles are physically broken down into smaller food particles by BLANK digestion.

mechanical

A lipid droplet surrounded by bile salts in the small intestine is called a _____.

micelle

Chemical digestion of starch due to secretion of enzymes occurs in the ______. Select all that apply.

mouth small intestine

The majority of lipase is secreted by the _____.

pancreas

Trypsin, chymotrypsin, and pepsin all aid in the chemical digestion of ______.

proteins

Pepsin aids in the chemical digestion of ______. It is secreted by the ______.

proteins, stomach

The chemical digestion of the disaccharides occurs in the ______.

small intestine

The majority of lipid digestion occurs in the ______.

small intestine

Amylase promotes the partial digestion of ______.

starch