CH 24 PR 24.14-24.15
Identify the enzymes that aid in the chemical digestion of carbohydrates. Select all that apply.
Amylase Disaccharidases
Select the effects of aging on the digestive system. Select all that apply.
Decline in the liver's ability to detoxify chemicals Decreases in the amount of mucus secreted
Identify the structure where the majority of digestion takes place.
Duodenum
Why is emulsification of lipids important?
Emulsification increases surface area for digestive enzymes.
Cholesterol is transported from the tissues for disposal by ______, which is sometimes called the 'good' lipoprotein, while ______ is called 'bad' because it can lead to cholesterol being deposited in arterial walls.
HDL, LDL
Describe how lipids are transported through the blood.
Lipids are combined with protein to form lipoproteins.
Identify the structures that secrete lipase. Select all that apply.
Pancreas Lingual glands
Identify the substances that aid in the chemical digestion of proteins. Select all that apply.
Pepsin Carboxypeptidase Peptidases Trypsin
Identify the effects of aging on the digestive system. Select all that apply.
Reduction in motility Thinning of tooth enamel Decrease in mucus production
Identify the structures that secrete enzymes that aid in the chemical digestion of proteins. Select all that apply.
Small intestine Stomach Pancreas
Identify the structures where lipid digestion occurs. Select all that apply.
Stomach Small intestine
Describe emulsification.
The process by which bile salts transform large lipid droplets into much smaller droplets
LDL is considered _____ while HDL is considered _____.
bad, good
Identify the substance necessary to emulsify lipids.
bile salts
______ digestion breaks covalent bonds in organic molecules through the action of digestive enzymes.
chemical
A type of lipoprotein consisting of mostly triglycerides along with phospholipids, cholesterol and protein is a(n)
chylomicron
The majority of digestion occurs within the portion of the small intestine called the
duodenum
The process by which bile salts transform large lipid droplets into much smaller lipid droplets is called
emulsification
Bile salts are necessary to _____.
emulsify lipids
Bile salts emulsify lipids and thus ______ the surface area for the digestive enzymes..
increase
Lipids are chemically digested by the enzyme
lipase
The enzyme that chemically digests lipid molecules is _____.
lipase
A micelle is a ______ droplet surrounded by ______.
lipid, bile salts
A chylomicron is a ______ droplet surrounded by ______.
lipid, proteins
Lipids combine with protein to form BLANK that are transported in the blood.
lipoprotein
Large food particles are physically broken down into smaller food particles by BLANK digestion.
mechanical
A lipid droplet surrounded by bile salts in the small intestine is called a _____.
micelle
Chemical digestion of starch due to secretion of enzymes occurs in the ______. Select all that apply.
mouth small intestine
The majority of lipase is secreted by the _____.
pancreas
Trypsin, chymotrypsin, and pepsin all aid in the chemical digestion of ______.
proteins
Pepsin aids in the chemical digestion of ______. It is secreted by the ______.
proteins, stomach
The chemical digestion of the disaccharides occurs in the ______.
small intestine
The majority of lipid digestion occurs in the ______.
small intestine
Amylase promotes the partial digestion of ______.
starch
