Ch. 26 AH II
The nursing student asks the nurse to describe the difference between sinus rhythm and sinus bradycardia on the electrocardiogram strip. What is the nurse's best reply?
"The only difference is the heart rate."
The nurse is administering propranolol to a client on a telemetry unit. What will the nurse monitor the client for?
heart block
A client experiences a faster-than-normal heart rate when drinking more than two cups of coffee in the morning. What does the nurse identify on the electrocardiogram as an indicator of sinus tachycardia?
heart rate of 118 bpm
A client asks the nurse what causes the heart to be an effective pump. The nurse informs the client that this is due to the:
inherent rhythmicity of cardiac muscle tissue.
The nurse working in the emergency department places a client in anaphylactic shock on a cardiac monitor and sees the cardiac rhythm shown. Which dysrythmia should the nurse document?
ventricular tachycardia
A nurse is performing discharge teaching with a client who has an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) placed. Which client statement indicates effective teaching?
"I'll keep a log of each time my ICD discharges."
Two nursing students are reading EKG strips. One of the students asks the instructor what the P-R interval represents. The correct response should be which of the following?
"It shows the time needed for the SA node impulse to depolarize the atria and travel through the AV node."
A client is unconscious on arrival to the emergency department. The nurse in the emergency department identifies that the client has a permanent pacemaker due to which characteristic?
"Spike" on the rhythm strip
The client asks the nurse to explain what is meant by a ventricular bigeminy cardiac rhythm. What is the best response by the nurse?
"The rhythm has a normal beat, then a premature beat pattern."
A client with a second-degree atrioventricular heart block, Type II is admitted to the coronary care unit. How will the nurse explain the need to monitor the client's electrocardiogram (ECG) strip to the spouse?
"The small box will transmit the heart rhythm to the central monitor all the time."
The nursing student asks the nurse how to tell the difference between ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation on an electrocardiogram strip. What is the best response?
"Ventricular fibrillation is irregular with undulating waves and no QRS complex. Ventricular tachycardia is usually regular and fast, with wide QRS complexes."
The nurse is caring for a client who had a permanent pacemaker surgically placed and is now ready for discharge. What statement made by the client indicates the need for more education?
"We will be getting rid of our microwave oven so it will not affect my pacemaker."
A home care nurse is visiting a left-handed client who has an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implanted in the left chest. The client is planning to go rifle hunting. How should the nurse respond?
"You can't shoot a rifle left-handed because the rifle's recoil will traumatize the ICD site."
The nurse is caring for a client who is being discharged after insertion of a permanent pacemaker. The client, an avid tennis player, is scheduled to play in a tournament in 1 week. What is the best advice the nurse can give related to this activity?
"You will need to cancel this activity; you must restrict arm movement above your head for 2 weeks."
The nurse is working with a client with a new onset of atrial fibrillation during a three-month follow-up visit. The healthcare provider is planning a cardioversion, and the client asks the nurse why there is a wait for the treatment. What is the best response by the nurse?
"Your atrial chambers may contain blood clots now, so you must take an anticoagulant for a few weeks before the cardioversion."
After performing an ECG on an adult client, the nurse reports that the PR interval reflects normal sinus rhythm. What is the PR interval for a normal sinus rhythm?
0.12 and 0.2 seconds.
The nurse is assigned the following client assignment on the clinical unit. For which client does the nurse anticipate cardioversion as a possible medical treatment?
A client with atrial dysrhythmias
The licensed practical nurse is setting up the room for a client arriving at the emergency department with ventricular arrhythmias. The nurse is most correct to place which of the following in the room for treatment?
A defibrillator
The nurse is working on a telemetry unit, caring for a client who develops dizziness and a second-degree heart block, Mobitz Type 1. What will be the initial nursing intervention?
Administer an IV bolus of atropine.
A client's Holter monitor strip reveals a heart rate with normal conduction but with a rate consistently above 105 beats/minute. What other conditions can cause this response in a healthy heart?
All options are correct.
Which of the following medication classifications is more likely to be expected when the nurse is caring for a client with atrial fibrillation?
Anticoagulant
The nurse cares for a client with a dysrhythmia and understands that the P wave on an electrocardiogram (ECG) represents which phase of the cardiac cycle?
Atrial depolarization
A client presents to the emergency department via ambulance with a heart rate of 210 beats/minute and a sawtooth waveform pattern per cardiac monitor. The nurse is most correct to alert the medical team of the presence of a client with which disorder?
Atrial flutter
A client's electrocardiogram (ECG) tracing reveals a atrial rate between 250 and 400, with saw-toothed P waves. The nurse correctly identifies this dysrhythmia as
Atrial flutter
The nurse knows that electrocardiogram (ECG) characteristics of atrial fibrillation include what?
Atrial rate of 300 to 400
A nurse is caring for a client who's experiencing sinus bradycardia with a pulse rate of 40 beats/minute. The client's blood pressure is 80/50 mm Hg and the client reports dizziness. Which medication does the nurse anticipate administering to treat bradycardia?
Atropine
A nurse is caring for a client who has had an automatic cardiac defibrillator implanted. What instructions should the nurse provide to the client?
Avoid devices with a magnetic field.
A client has had a pacemaker implanted and the nurse will begin client education upon the client becoming alert. Which postimplantation instructions must be provided to the client with a permanent pacemaker?
Avoid sources of electrical interference.
The nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client after a permanent pacemaker insertion. Which safety precaution will the nurse communicate to the client?
Avoid undergoing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
What is the treatment of choice for ventricular fibrillation?
Immediate bystander CPR
A nurse is caring for a client who has been admitted to have a cardioverter defibrillator implanted. The nurse knows that implanted cardioverter defibrillators are used in which clients?
Clients with recurrent life-threatening tachydysrhythmias
The nurse is observing the monitor of a patient with a first-degree atrioventricular (AV) block. What is the nurse aware characterizes this block?
Delayed conduction, producing a prolonged PR interval
A client with an atrial dysrhythmia has come to the clinic for a follow-up appointment and to talk with the health care provider about options to stop this dysrhythmia. What procedure could be used to treat this client?
Elective electrical cardioversion
After evaluating a client for hypertension, a health care provider orders atenolol, 50 mg P.O. daily. Which therapeutic effect should atenolol have in treating hypertension?
Decreased cardiac output and decreased systolic and diastolic blood pressure
The nurse recognizes which as being true of cardioversion?
Defibrillator should be set to deliver a shock during the QRS complex.
A nurse evaluates a client with a temporary pacemaker. The client's ECG tracing shows each P wave followed by the pacing spike. What is the nurse's best response?
Document the findings and continue to monitor the client
A client has been living with an internal, fixed-rate pacemaker. When checking the client's readings on a cardiac monitor the nurse notices an absence of spikes. What should the nurse do?
Double-check the monitoring equipment.
The nurse is preparing a client for upcoming electrophysiology (EP) studies and possible ablation for treatment of atrial tachycardia. What information will the nurse include in the teaching?
During the procedure, the dysrhythmia will be reproduced under controlled conditions.
The nurse is caring for a client who has premature ventricular contractions. What sign or symptom is observed in this client?
Fluttering
The nurse reads an athletic client's electrocardiogram. What finding will be consistent with a sinus bradycardia?
Heart rate of 42 beats per minute (bpm).
Which nursing intervention is required to prepare a client with cardiac dysrhythmia for an elective electrical cardioversion?
Instruct the client to restrict food and oral intake
The staff educator is teaching a class in dysrhythmias. What statement is correct for defibrillation?
It is used to eliminate ventricular dysrhythmias.
A patient is 2 days postoperative after having a permanent pacemaker inserted. The nurse observes that the patient is having continuous hiccups as the patient states, "I thought this was normal." What does the nurse understand is occurring with this patient?
Lead wire dislodgement
The nurse is caring for a client who has a suspected dysrhythmia. What most appropriate intervention should the nurse use to help detect dysrhythmias?
Monitor cardiac rhythm continuously.
Which nursing intervention must a nurse perform when administering prescribed vasopressors to a client with a cardiac dysrhythmia?
Monitor vital signs and cardiac rhythm
To evaluate a client's atrial depolarization, the nurse observes which part of the electrocardiogram waveform?
P wave
A nursing instructor is reviewing the parts of an EKG strip with a group of students. One student asks about the names of all the EKG cardiac complex parts. Which of the following items are considered a part of the cardiac complex on an EKG strip? Choose all that apply.
P-R interval P wave T wave
A healthy adult client is seeing a health care provider for an annual physical examination. While the nurse is taking the client's vital signs, the client states, "Occasionally, my heart skips a beat." The nurse believes that the client is experiencing what condition?
Premature atrial complex
The nurse analyzes the electrocardiogram (ECG) tracing of a client newly admitted to the cardiac step-down unit with a diagnosis of chest pain. Which finding indicates the need for follow-up?
QT interval that is 0. 46 seconds long
A 28-year-old client presents to the emergency department, stating severe restlessness and anxiety. Upon assessment, the client's heart rate is 118 bpm and regular, the client's pupils are dilated, and the client appears excitable. Which action should the nurse take next?
Question the client about alcohol and illicit drug use.
The nurse is placing electrodes for a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG). The nurse would be correct in placing an electrode on which area for V1?
Right side of sternum, fourth intercostal space
A patient comes to the emergency department with reports of chest pain after using cocaine. The nurse assesses the patient and obtains vital signs with results as follows: blood pressure 140/92, heart rate 128, respiratory rate 26, and an oxygen saturation of 98%. What rhythm on the monitor does the nurse anticipate viewing?
Sinus tachycardia
A client with heart failure asks the nurse how dobutamine affects the body's circulation. What is the nurse's best response?
The medication increases the force of the myocardial contraction.
A client has been diagnosed with atrial fibrillation and has been prescribed warfarin therapy. What should the nurse prioritize when providing health education to the client?
The need to have regular blood levels drawn
The licensed practical nurse is co-assigned with a registered nurse in the care of a client admitted to the cardiac unit with chest pain. The licensed practical nurse is assessing the accuracy of the cardiac monitor, which notes a heart rate of 34 beats/minute. The client appears anxious and states not feeling well. The licensed practical nurse confirms the monitor reading. When consulting with the registered nurse, which of the following is anticipated?
The registered nurse administering atropine sulfate intravenously
A patient with hypertension has a newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation. What medication does the nurse anticipate administering to prevent the complication of atrial thrombi?
Warfarin
The nurse knows which heart rhythm occurs when the atrial and ventricular rhythms are both regular, but independent of each other?
Third-degree atrioventricular (AV) heart block
A client has a medical diagnosis of an advanced first-degree atrioventricular block and is symptomatic. What initial treatment will the nurse be prepared to complete?
administer an IV bolus of atropine
The nurse is caring for a client who is displaying a third-degree AV block on the EKG monitor. What is the priority nursing intervention for the client?
alerting the healthcare provider of the third-degree heart block
Which is not a likely origination point for cardiac dysrhythmias?
bundle of His
The nurse witnesses a client experiencing ventricular fibrillation. What is the nurse's priority action?
defibrillation
A client reports light-headedness, chest pain, and shortness of breath. They physician orders tests to ascertain what is causing the client's problems. Which test is used to identify cardiac rhythms?
electrocardiogram
A client with dilated cardiomyopathy is having frequent episodes of ventricular fibrillation. What medical treatment does the nurse anticipate the client will have to terminate the episode of ventricular fibrillation?
internal cardioverter defibrillator insertion
The client returns to the clinic for a follow-up appointment following a permanent pacemaker insertion and reports tenderness and throbbing around the incision. The nurse observes mild swelling, erythema, and warmth at the pacemaker insertion site. What does the nurse suspect?
pacemaker site infection