Ch 28: Post Test

A​ 14-year-old girl has fallen from her bicycle. She sustained injuries when she landed with her arm extended to catch her fall. According to the principles of indirect mechanisms of​ injury, which of the following bones is LEAST likely to have been injured in this​ fall? A. Thoracic vertebra B. Navicular bone​ (bone in the wrist at the base of the​ thumb) C. Clavicle D. Humerus

Thoracic vertebra While there could be many possible injuries with this type of​ fall, vertebral or thoracic injuries are unlikely.

A fracture that results in multiple bone pieces at the fracture site is termed​ a: A. spiral fracture. B. comminuted fracture. C. fracture dislocation. D. crush fracture.

comminuted fracture. A comminuted fracture is a fracture in which the bone is broken in several places.

For a​ high-priority, unstable patient with musculoskeletal​ injuries, you​ should: A. apply a cervical collar and then splint specific injuries before transport. B. position the patient on the less injured side and then​ "load and​ go." C. immobilize the whole body on a long spine board and​ "load and​ go." D. splint specific injuries before transport.

immobilize the whole body on a long spine board and​ "load and​ go." For a​ high-priority, unstable patient with musculoskeletal​ injuries, you should immobilize the whole body on a long spine board and​ "load and​ go." If time and the​ patient's condition​ permit, you may be able to splint a specific injury en route.

An fracture may be classified​ as: A. simple or complex. B. total or partial. C. common or uncommon. D. open or closed.

open or closed. A fracture may be classified as​ open, breaking the​ skin, or​ closed, not breaking the skin.

A​ 22-year-old female patient slipped running down stairs and has injured her right tibia and fibula. You have used an air splint to splint the injury. To test the​ splint, you​ can: A. ask the patient is the splint is tight enough without being painful. B. gently brush the length of the split with your fingertips. C. drum your fingers briefly on the side of the splint. D. see if you can cause a slight dent in the plastic with fingertip pressure.

see if you can cause a slight dent in the plastic with fingertip pressure. To test an​ air-inflated splint, see if you can cause a slight dent in the plastic with fingertip pressure. Remember to check periodically to see that the pressure in the splint has remained adequate and has not decreased or increased.

To see the effect of direct​ force, you would look​ at: A. all areas of the​ patient's body. B. any part of the patient that could have rotated from the impact. C. the area of the point of impact. D. areas adjacent to the point of impact.

the area of the point of impact. The effect of direct force would be most visible at the area of the point of impact.

When treating a patient with an open musculoskeletal injury to the​ thigh, how would you BEST treat the open​ wound? A. Cover the wound with bulky​ dressings, keep the extremity​ level, and transport immediately. B. Splint the​ wound, cover with compression​ bandages, and transport as soon as possible. C. Cover the open wound with a sterile​ dressing, elevate the​ extremity, and apply a cold pack to the area to help reduce swelling. D. Cover the open wound with a sterile​ dressing, pack with​ ice, and wrap with​ self-adhesive bandages.

Cover the open wound with a sterile​ dressing, elevate the​ extremity, and apply a cold pack to the area to help reduce swelling. If appropriate when treating a patient with musculoskeletal​ injuries, cover open wounds with sterile​ dressings, elevate the​ extremity, and apply a cold pack to the area to help reduce swelling .

What is the primary concern about a splint that is applied too​ loosely? A. The splint will cut off distal circulation. Your answer is not correct. B. The patient will lose motor function in that extremity. C. It could allow the bone fragments to​ move, which could cause further damage. D. It could cause pressure sores to develop from rubbing against the splint.

It could allow the bone fragments to​ move, which could cause further damage. A loosely applied splint could still allow the injured bones to​ move, which could further worsen the injury or cause more bleeding.

In a​ dislocation, what other structures are likely to be​ injured? A. Muscles B. Skin and subcutaneous tissue C. Ligaments D. Tendons

Ligaments Ligaments are likely to be injured as well.

To stabilize a hip​ fracture, how should you bind the legs​ together? A. Secure the patient to a long spine board and then bind the​ patient's ankles together with a wide strap or​ Velcro-equipped strap. B. Place a folded blanket between the​ patient's legs and bind the legs together with wide​ straps, Velcro-equipped​ straps, or wide cravats. C. Place the patient on a long spine board and bind the​ patient's legs against the board with wide cravats or straps. D. Place the patient on an orthopedic stretcher and then bind the ankles and thighs to the stretcher with wide straps.

Place a folded blanket between the​ patient's legs and bind the legs together with wide​ straps, Velcro-equipped​ straps, or wide cravats. To stabilize a hip​ fracture, you should place a folded blanket between the​ patient's legs and bind the legs together with wide​ straps, Velcro-equipped​ straps, or wide cravats. Carefully place the patient on a long spine board and use pillows to support the lower limbs. Secure the patient to the board. An orthopedic stretcher can be used in place of the long spine board.

If you see angulation when assessing a​ patient, then: A. splinting is unlikely to be of assistance. B. the patient is bending the knees or arms. C. the​ patient's distal pulse must be reassessed. D. a bone or bones are out of anatomical position.

a bone or bones are out of anatomical position. The force of trauma causes bones to fracture and become​ deformed, or​ angulated, out of the anatomic position. Note that when a patient has joint​ injuries, the deformity is sometimes subtle. When in​ doubt, look at the uninjured side and compare it to the injured one.

The first step in the progression of compartment syndrome​ is: A. cellular damage occurs and causes additional swelling. B. blood flow to the area is​ lost, and the limb itself may be lost if the pressure is not relieved. C. pressure and swelling caused by bleeding within a muscle compartment becomes so great that the body can no longer perfuse the tissues against the pressure. D. a fracture or crush injury causes bleeding or swelling in an extremity.

a fracture or crush injury causes bleeding or swelling in an extremity. The first step in the progression of compartment syndrome is a fracture or crush injury causes bleeding or swelling in an extremity.

The humerus is an example of​ a(n): A. flat bone. B. irregular bone. C. appendicular bone. D. axial bone.

appendicular bone. The humerus is a long bone with a shaft​ (diaphysis) and bone ends​ (epiphysis) and is referred to as an appendicular bone because it is part of the upper arm.

When palpating a fracture site on a​ patient's mid-thigh, you notice a grating sensation. This is known​ as: A. crepitus. B. thrill. C. bone grind. D. stridor.

crepitus. Crepitus is a grating sensation or sound made when fractured bone ends rub together.

The first effects of a bone injury are swelling of soft tissue​ and: A. tearing of cartilage connected to the bone. B. strain of muscles and sprain of ligaments associated with the bone. C. the formation of a blood clot in the area of the fracture. D. referred pain from the injury to associated muscle and bone groups.

the formation of a blood clot in the area of the fracture. The first effects of a bone injury are swelling of soft tissue and the formation of a blood clot in the area of the fracture. Both the swelling and the clotting are due to the destruction of blood vessels in the periosteum and the bone as well as to loss of blood from adjacent damaged vessels.

To realign an​ extremity, an EMT grasps the distal extremity while a partner places one hand above and one hand below the injury​ site, and​ THEN: A. each EMT pulls in a sudden sharp motion away from the site of injury along the long axis of the extremity. B. the partner supports the site while the first EMT creates gentle manual traction in the direction of the long axis of the extremity. C. each EMT exerts gentle manual traction on either side of the injured site until the limb snaps into place. D. the partner immobilizes the site with a splint before the first EMT creates gentle manual traction in the direction of the long axis of the extremity.

the partner supports the site while the first EMT creates gentle manual traction in the direction of the long axis of the extremity. To realign an​ extremity, an EMT grasps the distal extremity while a partner places one hand above and one hand below the injury​ site, and then the partner supports the site while the first EMT creates gentle manual traction in the direction of the long axis of the extremity. If the first EMT feels resistance or if it appears that bone ends will come through the​ skin, the EMT should stop realignment and splint the extremity in the position found. If no resistance is​ felt, the EMT should maintain gentle traction until the extremity is properly aligned and splinted.