ch. 28 - seed plants
briefly explain three adaptions of flowering plants that contributed to their evolutionary expansion and success
1. closed carpels and double fertilization for increased likelihood of reproductive success 2. interdependence with animals, particularly insects, for more efficient pollination 3. vessel elements for more efficient water conduction 4. sieve tube elements for more efficient carbohydrate conduction 5. broad leaves for more efficient absorption of light 6. stems and roots modified for food or water storage 7. adaptability of the sporophyte generation to new environments
a plant with floral parts in threes or multiples of three would be classified as a
monocot
compare and contrast monocots and dicots
table 28-2 of the textbook
the most diverse, successful, and familiar group of plants today are the
angiosperms
which group of plants are the most recent to evolve
angiosperms
in a flowering plant, the _____ is the site of meiosis and, ultimately, the production of pollen
anther
why are bees important to the reproductive success of flowering plants
bees carry pollen to other plants
which phylum has very few surviving species, and are tropical and subtropical plants with stout, trunk-like stems, and compound leaves that resemble those of palms or tree ferns
cycadophyta
in flowering plants, the ____ generation is dominant
diploid sporophyte
most conifers are dioecious
false- monoecious
the lowermost and outermost whorl on a floral shoot consists of petals
false- sepals
which is the basic difference between gymnosperms and flowering plants
gymnosperms produce seeds borne naked, while flowering plants produce seeds enclosed within a fruit
a flower that has sepals, petals, and stamens, but lacks carpels, is known as
incomplete and imperfect
what do the large female cones of a pine tree contain
megasporangia
most conifers have separate male and female reproductive parts on the same tree. this condition is referred to as
monoecious
which is an example of a monocot
onions
the female gametophyte generation in angiosperms is found in the
ovule of the ovary
after fertilization in angiosperms, what does the ovule develop into
seed
seeds are superior reproductive structures, compared to spores. describe the advantages of seeds. briefly describe the connection between human civilization and seeds
seeds carry with them nutritive material and are protected by a seed coat; human civilization advanced with the development of agriculture; seeds are relatively easy to collect and store in a dry place for planting the following year or for consumption
what is the function of the sepal of a flowering plant
to protect the flower bud
what is the function of the phloem in plants
to transport dissolved sugars
a fruit develops from the ovary wall
true
what do the xylem and phloem make up of in a plant
vascular tissue
how is the pollen of pine trees primarily disseminated
wind