ch 3 test PP

Why is the PA projection of the abdomen less desirable for a KUB than the AP projection?

Kidneys are farther from the image receptor with PA projection

The iliac crest corresponds with the ____ vertebral level

L4-5

In which region or compartment of the peritoneum is the spleen located?

intraperitoneum

Telescoping of a section of bowel into another loop of bowel

intussusception

Why is the right kidney usually lower in the abdomen than the left kidney?

presence of the liver

At what level should the central ray (CR) be placed for a left lateral decubitus projection of the abdomen?

2" (5 cm) above iliac crest

Which of the following manual exposure factors would produce the desired qualities for an abdominal projection on an average-sized adult?

75 kV, 600 mA, 1/30 sec, grid, 40-inch (102 cm) SID

A patient enters the ED with a possible ascites. The patient is ambulatory. Which of the following projections of the abdomen will best demonstrate this condition?

AP erect

Why is the left lateral decubitus preferred over the right lateral decubitus abdomen for an acute abdomen series?

Any intraperitoneal air will be visualized along the lower liver margin

Which of the following imaging modalities often requires the use of intravenous, iodinated contrast media for studies of the abdomen?

CT

A radiograph of a supine KUB on a hyposthenic patient reveals that the symphysis pubis is cut off along the bottom of the radiograph. The top of the left kidney is also cut off along the top of the radiograph. What modifications does the technologist need to make for the repeat exposure?

Center the cassette higher and use a second smaller cassette to include the bladder region

Which of the following clinical indications would suggest the need for a dorsal decubitus abdomen position? a. Aneurysms b. Calcification of the aorta c. Umbilical hernias d. All of the above

D. all of the above

Which of the following factors must be observed for an AP erect abdomen projection?

Patient needs to be upright a minimum of 5 minutes before imaging

A radiograph of an AP KUB reveals that the obturator foramina are cut off from the bottom of the image. The kidneys and symphysis pubis are demonstrated. What centering adjustments should the technologist make to improve this image?

This radiograph is correctly centered. No centering adjustments are necessary

Which of the following muscles should be demonstrated on a well-exposed abdomen projection on an average size patient?

psoas major

Bowel obstruction caused by a lack of intestinal motility

adynamic ilius

The prominent protuberance found on the anterior aspect of the ilium is the

anterior superior iliac spine

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity

ascites

Which term describes an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity of the abdomen?

ascites

An ileus is the formal term for

bowel obstruction

Chronic inflammation of the intestinal wall that may result in bowel obstruction

crohns disease

A 16-year-old female patient enters the emergency department (ED) with a possible kidney stone. She complains of pain in the right lower pelvis region. Which of the following options should be taken in regard to gonadal shielding?

do not use it

A patient comes to radiology with a clinical history of an umbilical hernia. Which one of the following abdomen projections would best demonstrate it?

dorsal decubitus

Which aspect of the small intestine is considered the shortest?

duodenum

The suprarenal glands are part of the _____ system

endocrine

What type of respiration should be employed during the exposure for the anteroposterior (AP) kidneys, ureter, and bladder (KUB) abdomen projection?

expiration

T/F: Gonadal shielding can be used for a KUB abdomen projection on an adolescent female with possible urinary stones

false

T/F: The term gastro refers to the intestine

false

T/F: The use of low kV and high mAs is the ideal combination of exposure factors to reduce patient dose

false

What is another common term for the greater omentum?

fatty apron

The greater omentum extends from the transverse colon to the

greater curvature of the stomach

To ensure that the inferior margin of the abdomen is included on a KUB radiograph, the technologist should palpate the

greater trochanter or symphysis pubis

The technologist must ____ manual exposure factors for a patient with severe ascites.

increase

Which of the following topographic landmarks corresponds to L2-3 vertebral level?

inferior costal margin

Which of the following conditions is NOT considered a clinical indication for an acute abdominal series?

kidney stones

A patient is in the intensive care unit after abdominal surgery. The surgeon is concerned about a possible perforated bowel. The patient cannot stand or sit. Which of the following positions will best demonstrate any possible intra-abdominal free air?

left lateral decubitus

Which of the following solid organs is the largest found in the abdomen?

liver

Which of the following structures helps stabilize and support the small intestine?

mesentary

What is the name of the double-walled tissue that lines the abdominopelvic cavity?

peritoneum

The prefix pyelo refers to the

renal pelvis

In which region or compartment of the abdomen is the pancreas located?

retroperitoneal

A dorsal decubitus abdomen is ordered on a patient. The patient is placed on his back on a cart. The CR will enter the left side of the patient with the patient's right side against the image receptor. What type of marker should be used?

right and decubitus marker

Which of the following abdominal regions would contain the right colic (hepatic) flexure?

right lateral lumbar

In which of the four major quadrants of the abdomen would the cecum be found?

right lower quadrant

A radiograph of an anteroposterior (AP) abdomen demonstrates elongation (widening) of the left iliac wing and narrowing of the right iliac wing. Which one of the following positioning errors produced this radiographic outcome?

rotation to the left (left posterior oblique)

What is the best method to control voluntary motion during abdominal radiography?

short exposure time

The preferred imaging modality for examining the gallbladder is

sonography

Which of the following organs is NOT considered an accessory organ for digestion?

spleen

Which aspect of the large intestine is found between the left and right colic flexures?

transverse colon

T/F: Gonadal shielding can often be used with male patients for the AP supine abdomen projection

true

T/F: Motion of the patient's diaphragm can be stopped by providing proper breathing instructions

true

T/F: The pancreas is located posterior to the stomach

true

Inflammatory condition of the colon (most frequently involves rectosigmoid region)

ulcerative colitis

A 3-year-old patient comes to radiology for an abdominal study. Even with careful instructions and immobilization, the patient is having difficulty holding still. Which of the following should be done to minimize motion on the radiograph?

use shorter exposure time

A twisting of a loop of intestine creating an obstruction

volvulus